← 1954 1953 1952 1955 in the Soviet Union → 1956 1957 1958
Decades:	1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s
See also:	History of the Soviet Union List of years in the Soviet Union

The following lists events that happened during 1955 in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Incumbents

• First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union – Nikita Khrushchev
• Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union – Kliment Voroshilov
• Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union – Georgy Malenkov (until 8 February), Nikolai Bulganin (starting 8 February)

Events

February

• 27 February
  • 1955 Estonian Supreme Soviet election
  • 1955 Soviet Union regional elections

May

• 14 May – Warsaw Pact

June

• 2 June – Belgrade declaration

November

• 15 November – Władysław Gomułka initiates talks about the Repatriation of Poles (1955–59).
• 22 November – The first Soviet hydrogen bomb, RDS-37, is tested.
• 30 November – The 1st Soviet Antarctic Expedition begins.

December

• 31 December – The Pospelov Commission is set up.

Births

• 1 January – Gennady Lyachin, Russian submarine captain (d. 2000)
• 29 January – Zebiniso Rustamova, archer^[1]
• 10 February – Oksana Shvets, Ukrainian actress (d. 2022)^[2]
• 22 March – Valdis Zatlers, President of Latvia
• 16 May – Olga Korbut, Belorussian Olympic gymnast
• 11 June – Yuriy Sedykh, Ukrainian hammer thrower (d. 2021)
• 1 July – Nikolai Demidenko, pianist
• 7 August – Vladimir Sorokin, writer
• 7 September – Efim Zelmanov, mathematician
• 13 October – Sergei Shepelev, ice hockey player

Deaths

• 6 January – Yevgeny Tarle, historian (born 1874)
• 19 March – Leonid Govorov, military commander (born 1897)
• 30 September – Michael Chekhov, actor (born 1891)
• 25 Aplil-Marina Cvetaeva,writer