Actinopteri
Atlantic sturgeon (Chondrostei)
Atlantic salmon (Neopterygii)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
(unranked): Actinopteri
Cope, 1871
Subclasses

Actinopteri /æktɪˈnɒptəraɪ/ is the sister group of Cladistia (bichirs) in the class Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish).

Dating back to the Permian period, the Actinopteri comprise the Chondrostei (sturgeons and paddlefish), the Holostei (bowfins and gars), and the teleosts. In other words all extant ray-finned fish minus the bichirs.

In this clade the lungs have evolved into a swim bladder.[1]

Classification

The following cladogram[2][3][4][5] summarizes the evolutionary relationships of extant Actinopteri. Divergence time for each clade in mya are based on:[6]

Actinopteri 400 mya
Chondrostei

Acipenseriformes (sturgeons, paddlefish)

Neopterygii 360 mya
Holostei 275 mya
Ginglymodi

Lepisosteiformes (gars, alligator gars)

Halecomorphi

Amiiformes (bowfin)

Teleostei 310 mya

References

  1. ^ Dorsoventral inversion of the air-filled organ (lungs, gas bladder) in vertebrates: RNA-sequencing of laser capture microdissected embryonic tissue
  2. ^ Betancur-R (2016). "Phylogenetic Classification of Bony Fishes Version 4". Archived from the original on 2017-07-11. Retrieved 2017-03-29.
  3. ^ Nelson, Joseph, S. (2016). Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 9781118342336.((cite book)): CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ "Actinopterygii". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 3 April 2006.
  5. ^ R. Froese and D. Pauly, ed. (February 2006). "FishBase".
  6. ^ Thomas J. Near; et al. (2012). "Resolution of ray-finned fish phylogeny and timing of diversification". PNAS. 109 (34): 13698–13703. doi:10.1073/pnas.1206625109. PMC 3427055. PMID 22869754.
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