This is a list of adaptations of Wuthering Heights, which was Emily Brontë's only novel. It was first published in 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell, and a posthumous second edition was edited by her sister Charlotte and published in 1850.
Film
Wuthering Heights (1920), a silent film and the earliest film adaptation. It was filmed in England, directed by A.V. Bramble. It is unknown if any prints still exist.
Arzoo, a 1950 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film by Shaheed Latif loosely based on the novel - starring Dilip Kumar and Kamini Kaushal in the roles of Heathcliff and Catherine respectively.
Hulchul, a 1951 Indian Hindi-language drama film adaptation by S. K. Ojha. The film stars Dilip Kumar, Nargis and K. N. Singh in indigenized versions of Heathcliff, Catherine and Hindley.
Dil Diya Dard Liya (1966), a Bollywood movie starring Dilip Kumar (Heathcliff), Waheeda Rehman (Cathy), Pran (Hindley), Rehman (Edgar) and Shyama (Isabella). Names, locations and many plot developments were adapted to suit Indian audiences.
Wuthering Heights (1970), starring Timothy Dalton as Heathcliff and Anna Calder-Marshall as Catherine (the elder). It does not cover the whole story.
Wuthering Heights (1953), a BBC Television adaptation scripted by Nigel Kneale, directed by Rudolph Cartier and starred Richard Todd as Heathcliff and Yvonne Mitchell as Catherine. This version does not survive in the BBC archives. According to Kneale, it was made simply because Todd had turned up at the BBC one day and said that he wanted to play Heathcliff for them; Kneale was forced to write the script in only a week as the adaptation was rushed into production.[4] Kneale's adaptation concentrates on the first half of the novel, removing the second generation of Earnshaws and Lintons entirely. It is unknown if a recording of the play existed, and if it did, it is not known to have survived.
"Wuthering Heights" (1958), an episode of the CBS series DuPont Show of the Month, starring Rosemary Harris as Cathy, Richard Burton as Heathcliff, and Patty Duke as young Cathy. This long-lost version was found in 2019 by Jane Klain, the research manager at the Paley Center for Media. The only kinescope made of the broadcast was found among the archives of the late television historian J. Fred MacDonald that had recently been acquired by the Library of Congress. TCM aired the program for the first time since its 1958 broadcast on 6 December 2019.[5]
Wuthering Heights (1959), an Australian adaptation aired on ABC, using Nigel Kneale's script.[6] Broadcast live in Sydney, a kinescope was made of the broadcast and shown in Melbourne at a later date. It is not known if the kinescope recording still exists.
Wuthering Heights (1962), a BBC production that again used the Kneale screenplay. This was again produced by Rudolph Cartier and has been preserved in the archives. Claire Bloom played Catherine and Keith Michell played Heathcliff.[7] This production has survived, although it is not available to the public.
Wuthering Heights (2008), an album with songs written and sung by Mark Ryan, with narration by Ray Winstone. Ryan also directed the music video for the song "Women", filmed especially for the website and featuring Jennifer Korbee, Jessica Keenan Wynn and Katie Boerk.
Opera and theatre
Opera
Wuthering Heights (1951), an opera by Bernard Herrmann, which he wrote between 1943 and 1951. The libretto was by screenwriter Lucille Fletcher, who was Herrmann's wife when he started writing the opera, but was no longer his wife by the time he finished. The opera was recorded in full in London in 1966, with the composer conducting the Pro Arte Orchestra. It featured the sopranoMorag Beaton in the role of Cathy, and baritoneDonald Bell as Heathcliff. The recording was re-released in 1972 by Unicorn-Kanchana records, and later transferred to CD. However, the opera was not produced in an operatic venue until 1982, by Portland Opera (and even this was an abridged version that omitted 30–40 minutes of the music and changed the ending).[16][17]Renée Fleming recorded the aria "I have dreamt" in 1998.[18]
The all-female Japanese opera company, Takarazuka Revue, has their own interpretation of the story; the musical drama was first performed in the 1970s and the most recent production was in 1998, starring Yōka Wao.
Heathcliff (1996), a musical starring, and commissioned by, Cliff Richard. Not well received by many older fans of the singer, it portrayed the very brutal side of the character. The album of the libretto was recorded by Richard and Olivia Newton-John.
Other theatre
Heights (1992) by Vince Foxall, La Mama Theatre, Melbourne, Australia
A 1996 adaptation by Gillian Hiscott for theatre, toured theatres in Northern UK and the Midlands, published by Cressrelles.[20]
Wuthering Heights (2001), a ballet score by Claude-Michel Schönberg. This production was performed by the United Kingdom's Northern Ballet Theatre Company in September 2002. A 2-CD soundtrack was released under the First Night label in 2004.
A theatrical adaptation conceived and directed by Emma Rice played the National Theatre in 2022, followed by an international tour.
The gothic soap opera Dark Shadows used the story as inspiration for its final storyline, episodes 1186 to 1245, in 1971.
The Promise (2007), a Filipino film starring Richard Gutiérrez and Angel Locsín which loosely remakes Hihintayin Kita sa Langit which in turn was a loose adaption of Wuthering Heights.
Walang Hanggan (International Title: "My Eternal") (2012), a Filipino TV drama on ABS-CBN loosely based on the 1991 film Hihintayin Kita sa Langit, which itself was loosely based on Wuthering Heights.
"Wuthering Heights" on Film and Television: A Journey Across Time and Cultures by Valerie V. Hazette, 2016, Intellect Books - discusses screen adaptations, including British, French, Mexican, Japanese versions