Archduke Friedrich Salvator Agnes Christina, Princess Karl Alfred of Liechtenstein Archduchess Maria Margaretha Archduchess Maria Ludovica Archduchess Maria Adelheid Elisabeth, Princess Heinrich of Auersperg-Breunner Archduke Andreas Salvator Josepha, Countess Clemens von Waldstein Valerie, Margravine of Baden Maria Alberta, Baroness Alexander von Kottwitz-Erody Archduke Markus Emanuel Salvator Archduke Johann Maximilian Salvator Archduke Michael Salvator
Names
German: Hubert Salvator Rainer Maria Joseph Ignatius
Archduke Hubert Salvator of Austria, Prince of Tuscany (German: Hubert Salvator Rainer Maria Joseph Ignatius, Erzherzog von Österreich, Prinz von Toskana; 30 April 1894 – 24 March 1971) was a member of the Tuscan line of the House of Habsburg and Archduke of Austria, Prince of Tuscany by birth.[1]
Life
Hubert Salvator (right) with his parents and siblings (in 1905)Schloss Lichtenegg
During the First World War he served as an Oberleutnant and Rittmeister in Dragoon Regiment No. 4 [de]. He took part in trench warfare on Bug and Dubno. He was then a riding Ordonnanzoffizier with the 9th Gebirgsbrigadekommando in the Dolomites.[3] In 1914 Hubert Salvator received the Order of the Golden Fleece.
From September to November 1917, on behalf of Emperor Charles I, he took over the Austrian mission to the Orient to Asia Minor, Syria and Palestine together with the Orientalist Alois Musil.[4] The mission was intended to protect the interests of the monarchy in the Ottoman Empire, especially in competition with its ally Germany.[5] Hubert Salvator was in charge of the mission's “representative leadership” and the head of the mission was the expert Musil. The mission, officially sent to inspect troops and maintain contact with Ottoman officials and oriental Christians, also served Emperor Charles' dream of a "religious protectorate of the Habsburgs in the Orient". Charles wanted to take over the cultural protectorate of France over the oriental Christians.[6][4] The mission had economic, scientific-cultural and propaganda motives, but the military aspect was only a cover.[5]
The experienced Austrian ambassador in ConstantinopleJános von Pallavicini, who had tried in vain to prevent the mission because he feared conflict with the Ottoman government, later judged that the Archduke had correctly grasped the situation in Palestine and Syria.[5][4]FeldmarschallleutnantJoseph Pomiankowski, the imperial and royal military representative in the Ottoman Empire noted that Hubert Salvator left the best impression due to his very pleasant appearance, his modest, amiable demeanor and his quiet seriousness.’’[4]
After the end of Austria-Hungary
The Kaiservilla in Bad Ischl
After the end of the Habsburg Monarchy Hubert Salvator made a declaration of renunciation after the passing of the Habsburg Law in 1919 and was therefore allowed to stay in Austria. In 1920 he received his doctorate in law from the University of Innsbruck . Apparently expelled from the Order of the Golden Fleece because of the declaration of renunciation, he and his father were readmitted in November 1922.[7]
In Persenbeug, Hubert Salvator successfully managed a large forestry operation.[3] Because of his extensive holdings, he was nicknamed “Schleusen-Hubsi.”[8] He inherited the Kaiservilla in Bad Ischl from his mother in 1924. During the First Republic and the Federal State Hubert Salvator was a high-ranking Heimwehr functionary as Gauführer.[9] He was politically persecuted under National Socialist rule.[10]
During the Soviet occupation after the Second World War, Hubert Salvator was chairman of the municipal committee of Persenbeug.[11][3] He lived and ultimately died at the age of 76 at Persenbeug Castle, which he owned together with eight other Habsburg family members.[12]
Issue
Hubert Salvator and Rosemary had thirteen children together:[3]
Archduke Friedrich Salvator of Austria (27 November 1927 – 26 March 1999) married Countess Margarethe Kálnoky de Kőröspatak
Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria (16 October 1956)
Archduchess Marie Bernadette of Austria (10 February 1958) married Rupert Wolff and has issue
Archduke Alexander Salvator of Austria (12 April 1959) married Countess Marie Gabriele von Waldstein-Wartenberg on 5 June 1993
Archduchess Annabella of Austria (5 September 1997)
Archduchess Tara of Austria (6 February 2000)
Archduke Constantin of Austria (4 January 2002)
Archduke Paul Salvator (4 November 2003)
Archduchess Katharina of Austria (1 November 1960) married Niall Brooks on 9 April 1988 and has issue.
Archduchess Maria Margaretha of Austria (born 29 January 1930)
Archduchess Maria Ludovica of Austria (31 January 1931 – 17 April 1999)
Archduchess Maria Adelheid of Austria (28 July 1933 – 10 October 2021)
Archduchess Elisabeth Mathilde of Austria (18 March 1935 – 9 October 1998) married Prince Heinrich of Auersperg-Breunner and has issue.
Archduke Andreas Salvator of Austria (28 April 1936) married to Maria de la Piedad Espinosa de los Monteros y Rosillo and later divorced with marriage annulled, had no issue. Married secondly to Countess Valerie Podstatzky von Lichtenstein with issue.
Archduke Thadeus Salvator of Austria (30 March 2001)
Archduke Casimir Salvator of Austria (27 July 2003)
Archduchess Alicia of Austria (15 February 2005)
Archduchess Josepha Hedwig of Austria (2 September 1937) married Count Clemens von Waldstein-Wartenberg with issue.
^Leopold Auer (Hrsg.): Das Haus Österreich und der Orden vom Goldenen Vlies. Beiträge zum wissenschaftlichen Symposium am 30. November und 1. Dezember 2006 in Stift Heiligenkreuz. Leopold Stocker, Graz 2007, ISBN 978-3-7020-1172-7
^Énache, Nicolas (1999). La descendance de Marie-Thérèse de Habsburg, (in French). Paris: Éditions L'intermédiaire des chercheurs et curieux. pp. 142–145. ISBN978-2-908003-04-8.
^ abcdBrigitte Hamann (Hrsg.): Die Habsburger. Ein biographisches Lexikon. Piper, München 1988, ISBN 3-4920-3163-3, S. 156.
^ abcdRobert-Tarek Fischer: Österreich im Nahen Osten. Die Grossmachtpolitik der Habsburgermonarchie im Arabischen Orient 1633–1918. Böhlau, Wien 2006, ISBN 3-20577-459-0, S. 274ff.
^ abcWolfdieter Bihl: Die Kaukasuspolitik der Mittelmächte. Teil 1: Ihre Basis in der Orient-Politik und ihre Aktionen 1914-1917. Böhlau, Wien/Köln/Graz 1975, S. 136 und 140.
^Helmut Wohnout: Das österreichische Hospiz in Jerusalem. Geschichte des Pilgerhauses an der Via Dolorosa. Böhlau, Wien 2000, ISBN 3-20599-095-1, S. 116f.
^Leopold Auer (Hrsg.): Das Haus Österreich und der Orden vom Goldenen Vlies. Beiträge zum wissenschaftlichen Symposium am 30. November und 1. Dezember 2006 in Stift Heiligenkreuz. Leopold Stocker, Graz 2007, ISBN 978-3-7020-1172-7, S. 71.
^Maren Seliger: Scheinparlamentarismus im Führerstaat. „Gemeindevertretung“ im Austrofaschismus und Nationalsozialismus. Funktionen und politische Profile Wiener Räte und Ratsherren 1934–1945 im Vergleich. Lit, Wien/Münster 2010, ISBN 978-3-643-50233-9, S. 711.
^Karl Vocelka, Lynne Heller: Die private Welt der Habsburger. Leben und Alltag einer Familie. Styria, Graz/Wien 1998, ISBN 3-222-12642-9, S. 332.
^Harry Slapnicka: Das Schicksal der Ischler Kaiservilla nach dem Tod von Kaiser Franz Joseph. Ein bemerkenswertes Denkmal österreichischer Geschichte. In: Jahrbuch des Oberösterreichischen Musealvereines. Band 145a, Linz 2000, S. 187f. (zobodat.at [PDF, 481 kB]).
^Ernst Trost: Die Donau. Lebenslauf eines Stromes. Molden, Wien 1968, S. 183.
Generations are numbered by male-line descent from the first archdukes. Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished in 1919.
Generations are numbered from the children of Francesco de' Medici, first Grand Duke of Tuscany. Later generations are included but the grand duchy was abolished in 1860.
