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Bao Gu (Chinese: 鮑姑, bāogū), fl. 4th-century, also known as Pao Ku Ko), was a Chinese Taoist physician.[1][2] She was the daughter of accomplished Taoist practitioner and governor Bao Jing, and the wife of Ge Hong, who is the author of Baopuzi.[3][4] She is also known as one of the famous four female physicians in Chinese history, along with Zhang Xiaoniang of Northern Song dynasty, Yi Xu of the Western Han dynasty, and Tan Yunxian, who was active during the Ming dynasty.[5] She was active during the Eastern Jin dynasty.

Life

Bao Gu was born into the family of a government official Bao Jing. He believed in Taoism and his interpretation of Taoist doctrines influenced Bao's interests.

Ge Hong became a disciple of her father Bao Jing, and studied alchemy with him. Bao Jing saw that he was eager to learn and thought highly of him, so he married his daughter Bao Gu to him. After marrying Ge Hong, they practiced medicine together.

In the second year of Daxing of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (319 AD), Bao Jing built a Taoist temple for his daughter Bao Gu to practice Taoism and medicine. It was named Yuegang Temple (now Sanyuan Palace, Guangzhou City).

In the first year of Jianyuan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (343 AD), Ge Hong passed away in Mount Luofu. Bao Gu and her disciple Huang Chuping went to Yuegang temple, both to treat people's illnesses and to repair roads. She inherited the medical skills of her father and her husband, and improved on it through her own research. Because of the efficacy of her medicine, people called her Baoxiangu, with xiān indicating her immortalized status.

References

  1. ^ Meschel, S. V. (September 1992). "Teacher Keng's heritage: A survey of Chinese women scientists". Journal of Chemical Education. 69 (9): 723. doi:10.1021/ed069p723. ISSN 0021-9584.
  2. ^ Rayner-Canham, Marelene F.; Rayner-Canham, Geoffrey (1998). Women in Chemistry: Their Changing Roles from Alchemical Times to the Mid-twentieth Century. Chemical Heritage Foundation. ISBN 978-0-941901-27-7.
  3. ^ POON, SHUK-WAH (2009-11-16). "Between Religion and Superstition: Buddhism and Daoism in Guangzhou, China, 1900–1937". Journal of Religious History. 33 (4): 452–471. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9809.2009.00825.x. ISSN 0022-4227.
  4. ^ Ragvald, Lars; Lang, Graeme (1987). "Confused Gods: Huang Daxian (wong Tai Sin) and Huang Yeren at Mt. Luofu". Journal of the Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 27: 74–92. ISSN 0085-5774. JSTOR 23886843.
  5. ^ Zheng Jin-Sheng. “Female Medical Workers in Ancient China.”


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