Below is a list of post World War II scholarly books and journal articles written in or translated into English about communism. Items on this list should be considered a non-exhaustive list of reliable sources related to the theory and practice of communism in its different forms.
The criteria for inclusion are meeting one or more of:
Books are published by an academic press or major nationally known unbiased publisher.
Academic journals listed are mainstream academic journals published by an academic press or major nationally known publisher.
Works that have been reviewed in mainstream academic journals.
The author is well known and has written works on the subject that would be considered reliable sources.
The #Further reading section contains works with substantial bibliographies about communism.
The individual list items are in APA format and do not use citation templates. References for individual list items are in APA format and use citation templates. ISBNs are not included; editions are noted when important with an explanatory footnote.
General works about the theory and history of communism
Haslam, J. (2021). The Spectre of War: International Communism and the Origins of World War II. In Princeton Studies in International History and Politics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.[4][5]
Naimark, N., Pons, S., & Quinn-Judge, S. (Eds.). (2017). The Cambridge History of Communism: Volume 2, The Socialist Camp and World Power 1941–1960s. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.[b]
Fürst, J., Pons, S., & Selden, M. (Eds.). (2017). The Cambridge History of Communism: Volume 3, Endgames? Late Communism in Global Perspective, 1968 to the Present. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.[c]
Works primarily about theory
Books in this section are grouped by subject, not author perspective.
Background
Lichtheim, G. (1980). A Short History of Socialism. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
Harding, N. (1996). Leninism. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
———. (2010). Lenin's Political Thought (2 vols.). Chicago, IL: Haymarket.
Lane, D. S. (1981). Leninism: A Sociological Interpretation. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Liebman, M. (1975). Leninism Under Lenin. Chicago: Haymarket Books.
Levine, N. (1985). Lenin's Utopianism. Studies in Soviet Thought. 30(2), pp. 95–107.
Melograni, P. (1989). Lenin and the Myth of World Revolution: Ideology and Reasons of State, 1917-1920. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press International.[6]
Meyer, A. G. (1986). Leninism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.[7][8]
Borys, J. & Armstrong, J. A. (1980). The Sovietization of Ukraine, 1917-1923: The Communist Doctrine and Practice of National Self-Determination. Edmonton, AB: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies.[12]
———. (1987). The Mensheviks after October: Socialist Opposition and the Rise of the Bolshevik Dictatorship. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
———. (1994). Behind the Front Lines of the Civil War: Political Parties and Social Movements in Russia, 1918–1922. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Campeanu, P. (2016). Origins of Stalinism: From Leninist Revolution to Stalinist Society. London, UK: Routledge.
Daniels, R. V. (1960). The Conscience Of The Revolution: Communist Opposition In Soviet Russia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.[13][14][15][16]
Gregor, A. J. (2012). Chapter 4, Leninism: Revolution as Religion. In Totalitarianism and Political Religion: An Intellectual History. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
Kowalski, R. I. (1991). The Bolshevik Party in Conflict: The Left Communist Opposition of 1918. Basingstoke, UK: Macmillan.[17][18]
Laqueur, W. (1994). The Dream That Failed: Reflections on the Soviet Union. New York: Oxford University Press.
Leggett, George. (1981). The Cheka: Lenin's Political Police. New York: Oxford University Press.[19][20][21][22]
Lindemann, A. S. (1974). The "Red Years": European Socialism versus Bolshevism, 1919-1921. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.[23]
———. (1964). The Sickle Under the Hammer: The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the Early Months of Soviet Rule. Berkeley, CA: University Presses of California.
Rigby, T. H. (1979). Lenin's Government: Sovnarkom 1917–1922. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.[24][25]
Rogger, H. (2016). Russia in the Age of Modernisation and Revolution 1881 - 1917. New York, NY: Routledge.[26][27]
Rosenberg, W. G. (1974). Liberals in the Russian Revolution: The Constitutional Democratic Party, 1917–1921. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
———. (1990). Bolshevik Visions: First Phase of the Cultural Revolution in Soviet Russia. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.[28]
Ryan, James. (2012). Lenin's Terror: The Ideological Origins of Early Soviet State Violence. London: Routledge.[29]
Schapiro, L. B. (1984). The Russian Revolutions of 1917: The Origins of Modern Communism. New York: Basic Books.
———. (1977). The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State; First Phase 1917-1922 (2nd Edition). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
———. (1978). The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (2nd Edition). London, UK: Methuen Publishing.
Smith, S. B. (2013). Captives of Revolution: The Socialist Revolutionaries and the Bolshevik Dictatorship, 1918–1923. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
Thomson, J. M. (1987). The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase 1917–1922. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.[35][36]
Treadgold, D. W. (2017). Lenin and His Rivals: The Struggle for Russia's Future, 1898-1906. London, UK: Routledge.
Works here are about communist communities which existed in non-communist states.
Comparative Studies
Gellately, R. (2007). Lenin, Stalin, and Hitler: The Age of Social Catastrophe. New York, NY: Knopf.[38][39]
Geyer, M., & Fitzpatrick, S. (2009). Beyond Totalitarianism: Stalinism and Nazism Compared. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.[40][41][42]
Gregor, A. J. (2009). Marxism, Fascism, and Totalitarianism: Chapters in the Intellectual History of Radicalism. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
Kershaw, I., & Lewin, M. (1997). Stalinism and Nazism: Dictatorships in Comparison. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Pauley, B. F. (2015). Hitler, Stalin, and Mussolini: Totalitarianism in the Twentieth Century. West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
Mccauley, M. (2015). Stalin and Stalinism. New York, NY: Routledge.
McLellan, D. (2006). Karl Marx: A Biography. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Theen, R. (2004). Lenin: Genesis and Development of a Revolutionary. Princeton: Princeton University Press.[49]
Wood, A. (2005). Stalin and Stalinism. London, UK: Routledge.
Other
Hanebrink, P. (2018). A Specter Haunting Europe: The Myth of Judeo-Bolshevism. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.[50]
Select primary sources in English
Gregor, R. (2019). Resolutions and Decisions of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Volume 2: The Early Soviet Period 1917-1929. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press.
Hoffmann, D. L. (Ed.). (2002). Stalinism: The Essential Readings. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.
Academic journals
The list below contains academic journals frequently referenced in this bibliography or that will contain other articles related to the history and theory of communism.
Naimark, N., Pons, S., & Quinn-Judge, S. (Eds.). (2017). The Cambridge History of Communism: Volume 2, The Socialist Camp and World Power 1941–1960s. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.[b]
Fürst, J., Pons, S., & Selden, M. (Eds.). (2017). The Cambridge History of Communism: Volume 3, Endgames? Late Communism in Global Perspective, 1968 to the Present. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.[k]
^CHATTERJEE, C. (2022). "Peripheries, Ideologies, and the Origins of War". The Russian Review. 81 (2): 358–362. doi:10.1111/russ.12366. S2CID246910020.
^Mawdsley, Evan (2022). "The spectre of war: International Communism and the origins of World War II". Canadian Slavonic Papers. 64: 119–120. doi:10.1080/00085006.2022.2027114. S2CID247201377.
^Fiddick, T. (1991). "Reviewed Work: Lenin and the Myth of World Revolution: Ideology and Reasons of State, 1917-1920. by Piero Melograni". Slavic Review. 50 (2): 441–442. doi:10.2307/2500225. JSTOR2500225. S2CID164785073.
^Tucker, Robert C.; Meyer, Alfred G. (1959). "Leninism". The Slavic and East European Journal. 3 (3): 299. doi:10.2307/305030. JSTOR305030.
^Campbell, J. C. (1980). "Reviewed Work: Diplomacy and Ideology: The Origins of Soviet Foreign Relations, 1917-1930 by Teddy J. Uldricks". Foreign Affairs. 58 (5): 1199–1200. doi:10.2307/20040627. JSTOR20040627.
^Joll, J. (1987). "Reviewed Work: War, Peace and Revolution: International Socialism at the Crossroads 1914-1918 by David Kirby". The Slavonic and East European Review. 65 (2): 296–297. JSTOR4209512.
^Wohl, R. (1989). "Reviewed Work: War, Peace, and Revolution: International Socialism at the Crossroads, 1914-1918 by David Kirby". The Journal of Modern History. 61 (1): 142–144. doi:10.1086/468201. JSTOR1880977.
^Nakai, Kazuo (1981). "Reviewed work: The Sovietization of Ukraine, 1917-1923: The Communist Doctrine and Practice of National Self-Determination. Revised edition, Jurij Borys". Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 5 (2): 278–279. JSTOR41035914.
^Ellison, Herbert J. (1962). "Robert V. Daniels, the Conscience of the Revolution: Communist Opposition in Soviet Russia. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1960". Slavic Review. 21: 162–163. doi:10.2307/3000554. JSTOR3000554. S2CID164654258.
^Barghoorn, F. C. (1961). "Reviewed work: The Conscience of the Revolution: Communist Opposition in Soviet Russia, Robert Vincent Daniels". The Journal of Modern History. 33 (4): 466–467. doi:10.1086/238969. JSTOR1877273.
^Dallin, Alexander; Daniels, Robert Vincent (1961). "The Conscience of the Revolution: Communist Opposition in Soviet Russia". Political Science Quarterly. 76 (2): 304. doi:10.2307/2146231. hdl:2027/uva.x000379449. JSTOR2146231.
^Munk, Frank; Daniels, Robert Vincent (1961). "The Conscience of the Revolution: Communist Opposition in Soviet Russia". The Western Political Quarterly. 14 (3): 778. doi:10.2307/444301. hdl:2027/uva.x000379449. JSTOR444301.
^Husband, W. B. (1994). "Reviewed Work: The Bolshevik Party in Conflict: The Left Communist Opposition of 1918 by Ronald I. Kowalski". Russian History. 21 (1): 91–92. JSTOR24657268.
^Melancon, M. (1993). "Reviewed Work: The Bolshevik Party in Conflict: The Left Communist Opposition of 1918. by Ronald I. Kowalski". Slavic Review. 52 (2): 368–369. doi:10.2307/2499939. JSTOR2499939. S2CID164411133.
^Venturi, A. (1984). "Reviewed Work: The Cheka: Lenin's Political Police by George Leggett". The Journal of Modern History. 56 (4): 767–768. doi:10.1086/242774. JSTOR1880364.
^Squire, P. S. (1982). "Reviewed Work: The Cheka: Lenin's Political Police by George Leggett". The Slavonic and East European Review. 60 (1): 132–133. JSTOR4208468.
^Thurston, R. W. (1982). "Reviewed Work: The Cheka: Lenin's Political Police. The All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counterrevolution and Sabotage (December 1917 to February 1922). by George Leggett". Slavic Review. 41 (3): 549–551. doi:10.2307/2497034. JSTOR2497034. S2CID157933756.
^Dallin, A. (1982). "Reviewed Work: The Cheka: Lenin's Political Police; The All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage (December 1917 to February 1922) by George Leggett". The American Historical Review. 87 (4): 1136–1137. doi:10.2307/1858027. JSTOR1858027.
^Long, J. W. (1975). "The "Red Years": European Socialism versus Bolshevism, 1919–1921". History: Reviews of New Books. 3 (6): 154. doi:10.1080/03612759.1975.9946948.
^Daniels, Robert V. (1980). "Lenin's Government: Sovnarkom 1917-1922. By T. H. Rigby. New York and London: Cambridge University Press, 1979". Slavic Review. 39 (2): 308–309. doi:10.2307/2496801. JSTOR2496801. S2CID164690316.
^Rees, E. A. (1980). "Reviewed work: Lenin's Government: Sovnarkom 1917-1922, T. H. Rigby". Soviet Studies. 32 (4): 598–600. JSTOR151293.
^Wortman, Richard; Rogger, Hans (1985). "Russia in the Age of Modernisation and Revolution, 1881-1917". Russian Review. 44 (3): 299. doi:10.2307/129309. JSTOR129309.
^Ascher, Abraham (1984). "Reviewed work: Russia in the Age of Modernisation and Revolution 1881-1917, Hans Rogger". Russian History. 11 (4): 452–454. JSTOR24652691.
^Clements, B. E. (1985). "Reviewed Work: Bolshevik Visions: First Phase of the Cultural Revolution in Soviet Russia. by William G. Rosenberg". Slavic Review. 44 (4): 720–721. doi:10.2307/2498551. JSTOR2498551. S2CID164662130.
^Verhoeven, Claudia (2013). "Lenin's Terror: The Ideological Origins of Early Soviet State Violence. By James Ryan. Routledge Contemporary Russia and Eastern Europe Series. London: Routledge, 2012. Xii, 260 pp". Slavic Review. 72 (4): 899–900. doi:10.5612/slavicreview.72.4.0899. S2CID165029747.
^ abSmith, Mark B. (2009). "Reviewed work: The Cambridge History of Russia. Volume 3: The Twentieth Century, Ronald Grigor Suny". The Slavonic and East European Review. 87 (3): 564–567. doi:10.1353/see.2009.0090. JSTOR40650434. S2CID247619693.
^ abNathans, Benjamin (2009). "The Cambridge History of Russia. Volume 3, the Twentieth Century. Edited by Ronald Grigor Suny. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007". The Journal of Modern History. 81 (3): 756–758. doi:10.1086/649129.
^Sorenson, Jay B.; Schapiro, Leonard (1957). "The Origin of the Communist Autocracy, Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase: 1917-1922". American Slavic and East European Review. 16: 84. doi:10.2307/3001342. JSTOR3001342.
^Hendel, Samuel; Schapiro, Leonard (1956). "The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922". Political Science Quarterly. 71 (2): 296. doi:10.2307/2145036. JSTOR2145036.
^Elkin, B. (1961). "Roots of Revolution: A History of Populist and Socialist Movements in Nineteenth Century Russia". International Affairs. 37 (2): 209–210. doi:10.2307/2611838. JSTOR2611838.
^Walton, C. D. (2009). "A Review of "Lenin, Stalin, and Hitler: The Age of Social Catastrophe"". Comparative Strategy. 29 (2): 190–192. doi:10.1080/01495930902799814. S2CID153217580.
^Tismaneanu, V. (2009). "Book Review: Lenin, Stalin, and Hitler: The Age of Social Catastrophe". Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History. 10 (3): 724–729. doi:10.1353/kri.0.0100. S2CID161337701.
^Krammer, A. (2010). "Reviewed Work: Beyond Totalitarianism: Stalinism and Nazism Compared by Michael Geyer, Sheila Fitzpatrick". German Studies Review. 33 (2): 431–432. JSTOR20787947.
^Stibbe, M. (2011). "Reviewed Works: Lenin, Stalin, and Hitler: The Age of Social Catastrophe by Robert Gellately; Beyond Totalitarianism: Stalinism and Nazism Compared by Michael Geyer, Sheila Fitzpatrick; Barbarism and Civilization: A History of Europe in Our Time by Bernard Wasserstein". The Journal of Modern History. 83 (2): 387–394. doi:10.1086/659158. JSTOR10.1086/659158.
^Folly, Martin H. (2016). "Book Review: Stalin: Volume 1, Paradoxes of Power, 1878–1928". The Historian. 74 (4): 813–815. doi:10.1111/hisn.12396. S2CID152066357.
^Tismaneanu, V. (2015). "Book Review: Stalin: Volume 1: The Paradoxes of Power, 1878–1928". Perspectives on Politics. 13 (2): 567–569. doi:10.1017/S1537592715000936. S2CID151500856.
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