In Greek mythology, the name Cleoboea (Ancient Greek: Κλεόβοια) refers to:

• Cleoboea, daughter of Criasus and Melantho, sister of Phorbas and Ereuthalion.^[1]
• Cleoboea, mother of Eurythemis. Her daughter was married to King Thestius of Pleuron in Aetolia.^[2] Cleoboea herself is otherwise unknown.
• Cleoboea, mother of Philonis by Eosphoros. Philonis, in her turn, became the mother of Philammon by Apollo.^[3]
• Cleoboea, who was said to have been the first to have brought the orgies of Demeter to Thasos from Paros. Pausanias describes a painting which portrays her and Tellis, grandfather of the poet Archilochus, both as young people, on board the boat, with a chest in Cleoboea's hands which is supposed to contain some objects sacred to Demeter.^[4]
• Cleoboea or Philaechme, wife of Phobius (son of Hippocles and a descendant of Neleus). Her husband ruled over Miletus. A noble young man named Antheus was sent to Phobius from Halicarnassus as hostage. He was so handsome that Cleoboea immediately fell in love with the young man and tried to seduce him, but he rejected her advances. Her passion then took an evil turn and she plotted vengeance on him. She chased a tame partridge (or threw a pot of gold) down a deep well and asked Antheus to fetch it out for her. When he was inside, she pushed a large stone down the well and killed him. Soon after that, overcome with remorse, she hanged herself.^[5]