Louise Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (November 19 1779 - January 4 1801) was a Duchess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and maternal grandmother of Prince Consort Albert, husband of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

Luise Charlotte was born a Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, her father being Friedrich Franz I, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Her mother was Louise von Sachsen-Gotha-Altenburg and her sister Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1784 - 1840), who married King Christian VIII of Denmark.

In 1797 she married Emil Leopold August, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg,who came from the same family as her mother. Their common ancestor was Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1676-1732).

Louise Charlotte died 4 years later at the age of 22, before her husband assumed the throne of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg. They had only one daughter: Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, who would marry Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and become mother to Prince Consort Albert.