Emperor Go-Saga
後嵯峨天皇
Go-Saga, Tenshi Sekkan Miei
Emperor of Japan
ReignFebruary 21, 1242 – February 16, 1246
CoronationApril 19, 1242
PredecessorShijō
SuccessorGo-Fukakusa
ShōgunKujō Yoritsune
Kujō Yoritsugu
BornApril 1, 1220
Died17 March 1272(1272-03-17) (aged 51)
Daikaku-ji (大覚寺), Heian-kyō
Burial
Saga no minami no Misasagi (嵯峨南陵) (Kyoto)
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1242)​
Issue
more...
Posthumous name
Tsuigō:
Emperor Go-Saga (後嵯峨院 or 後嵯峨天皇)
HouseYamato
FatherEmperor Tsuchimikado
MotherMinamoto no Michiko

Emperor Go-Saga (後嵯峨天皇, Go-Saga-tennō, April 1, 1220 – March 17, 1272) was the 88th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. This reign spanned the years 1242 through 1246.[1]

This 13th-century sovereign was named after the 8th-century Emperor Saga and go- (後), translates literally as "later"; and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Saga". The Japanese word go has also been translated to mean the "second one;" and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Saga, the second", or as "Saga II".

Genealogy

Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his imina) was Kunihito-shinnō (邦仁親王).[2]

He was the second son of Emperor Tsuchimikado, and second cousin of his predecessor Emperor Shijō.

Events of Go-Saga's life

He ruled from 21 February 1242, to 16 February 1246.

When Emperor Tsuchimikado moved to Tosa Province (on Shikoku), he was raised by his mother's side of the family.

Because of the sudden death of Emperor Shijō at the age of 10, the question of succession arose. Because the expectations of the court nobility and the Bakufu conflicted, the issue was bitterly contested. Kujō Michiie and the court nobility supported Prince Tadanari (忠成王), a son of Retired Emperor Juntoku, but the shikken Hōjō Yasutoki was opposed to the sons of Juntoku because of his involvement in the Jōkyū War. Michiie instead supported Tsuchimikado's son Prince Kunihito as a neutral figure for Emperor. During these negotiations, there was a vacancy on the throne of 11 days.

In 1242, Prince Kunihito became emperor. In 1246 he abdicated to his son, Emperor Go-Fukakusa, beginning his reign as cloistered emperor. In 1259, he compelled Emperor Go-Fukakusa to abdicate to his younger brother, Emperor Kameyama. Imperial Prince Munetaka became shōgun instead of the Hōjō regents. Henceforth, the shōguns of the Kamakura Bakufu came from the imperial house. Still, the Hōjō regents increased their control of the shogunate, setting up the system of rule by regents.

The descendants of his two sons contested the throne between them, forming into two lines, the Jimyōin-tō (Go-Fukakusa's descendants) and the Daikakuji-tō (Kameyama's descendants). Their lines would eventually lead to the split between the Northern and Southern Courts.

Memorial Shinto-Buddhist temple and mausoleum honoring Emperor Go-Saga

In 1272, Go-Saga died.

Go-Saga's final resting place is designated as an Imperial mausoleum (misasagi) at Saga no minami no Misasagi at Tenryū-ji in Kyoto.[9]

Kugyō

Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.

In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Go-Saga's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:

Eras of Go-Saga's reign

The years of Go-saga's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.[10]

Ancestry

See also

Notes

Japanese Imperial kamon — a stylized chrysanthemum blossom
  1. ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 245–247; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. pp. 228–231.
  2. ^ Titsingh, p. 245; Varley, p.228.
  3. ^ Fortunes of Emperors
  4. ^ a b c d Emergence of Japanese Kingship, p5
  5. ^ Taira no Muneko is from 'The Changing of the Shogun 1289: An Excerpt from Towazugatari', The Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese, Vol. , No. 1, Tenth Anniversary Issue, (Nov., 1972), pp. 58–65
  6. ^ Varley, p. 44; n.b., a distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami.
  7. ^ Titsingh, pp. 244–245; Varley, p. 228.
  8. ^ Titsingh, p. 245; Varley, p. 44.
  9. ^ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, p. 423.
  10. ^ Titsingh, p. 245.
  11. ^ "Genealogy". Reichsarchiv (in Japanese). 30 April 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2020.

References

Regnal titles Preceded byEmperor Shijō Emperor of Japan:Go-Saga 1242–1246 Succeeded byEmperor Go-Fukakusa
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