Flavonolignans are natural phenols composed of a part flavonoid and a part phenylpropane.
Flavonolignans identified in Silybum marianum (milk thistle) silymarin complex include silibinin, silychristin, silydianin, dehydrosilybin, deoxysilycistin, deoxysilydianin, silandrin, silybinome, silyhermin and neosilyhermin and can be produced in vitro.[1] Silibinin is found in the roots of S. marianum[2] while silyamandin[3] can be found in the fruit.[4]
Hydnocarpin can be found naturally in Onopordon corymbosum[5] and can be synthesised.[6]
Scutellaprostin A, B, C, D, E and F can be isolated from Scutellaria prostrata and can also be synthesized.[7]
Hydnowightin can be isolated from Hydnocarpus wightiana seeds.[8]
Three flavonolignans derived from the flavone tricin have been isolated from the herb Avena sativa.[9]
Palstatin has been isolated from the Amazon tree Hymeneae palustris.[10]
Salcolin A and salcolin B can be found in Salsola collina.[11]
Rhodiolin, the product of the oxidative coupling of coniferyl alcohol with the 7,8-dihydroxy grouping of the flavonol herbacetin, can be found in the rhizome of Rhodiola rosea.[12]
The flavonolignans tricin 4'-O-(erythro-beta-guaiacylglyceryl) ether and tricin 4'-O-(threo-beta-guaiacylglyceryl) ether can be isolated together with their 7-O-glucosides in the leaves of Hyparrhenia hirta.[13]
A 2022 research has concluded that flavonolignans "reduce the virulence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains".[14]