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Parts of this article (those related to newer and slower Fuxing trains, such as the CR300 and the CR200J) need to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (July 2019)
CR400AF: 209 m (685 ft 8 in)[1] CR400AF–A: 414 m (1,358 ft 3 in) CR400BF: 209.06 m (685 ft 11 in) CR400BF–A: 414.26 m (1,359 ft 1 in) CR400AF–B: 439.9 m (1,443 ft 3 in) CR400BF–B: 439.9 m (1,443 ft 3 in)
Fuxing (Chinese: 复兴号) (also known as the CR series EMU, or as the Fuxing Hao) is a series of high-speed and higher-speedEMU trains operated by China Railway High-speed and developed by CRRC, which owns the independent intellectual property rights.[2] Initially known as the China Standardized EMU, development on the project started in 2012, and the design plan was finished in September 2014. The first EMU rolled off the production line on 30 June 2015.[3][4] The series received its current designation of Fuxing in June 2017, with nicknames such as "Blue/Red Dolphin" (CR400AF) and "Golden Phoenix" (CR400BF) for certain units.[5] It is the world's fastest conventional high speed train in regular service, with a standard speed of 350 km/h (217 mph) for the CR400AF and CR400BF models.[6]
Some of the Hexie (Harmony) train sets are manufactured locally through technology transfer, a key requirement for China. The signalling, track and support structures, control software, and station design are developed domestically with additional foreign elements. By 2010, the track system as a whole was predominantly Chinese.[7] China currently holds many new patents related to the internal components of these trains, re-designed in China to allow the trains to run at higher speeds than the foreign designs allowed.
However, most of Hexie's (Harmony's) patents are only valid within China, and as such hold no international power. The weakness of intellectual property of Hexie causes obstacles for China to export its high-speed rail related technology, which led to the development of the completely redesigned train brand called Fuxing (simplified Chinese: 复兴号; traditional Chinese: 復興號; pinyin: Fùxīng Hào; lit. 'Rejuvenation') that is based on local technology.[7][8][9][10]
Development
Started in 2012, CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles (now CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles), under the guidance of China Railway Corporation, with a collection of enterprises, universities, and research institutes, carried out the development of a more advanced China Standardized EMU. In December 2013, CRRC Changchun completed developing the general technical conditions for EMUs, and completed the plan design in September 2014.[1][11] The new EMU was rolled off the production line on 30 June 2015.[3]
According to the arrangement for the China Standardized EMU research and development work, the EMUs will receive 600,000-km experimental verification and optimization.[11] They started to experimental work at National Railway Test Center of China Academy of Railway in Beijing after they rolled off, and they were tested at up to 160 km/h.[12][13]
On 18 November 2015, the China Standardized EMU hit a speed of 385 km/h and passed the high speed test on Datong–Xi'an Passenger Railway. The EMU was tested under complicated conditions, including on bridges, in tunnels, and on slopes and turns.[4][14]
On 15 July 2016, the two China Standardized EMUs in opposite directions passed each other at 420 km/h (relative speed to one another of 840 km/h) during test runs on Zhengzhou–Xuzhou high-speed railway.[5][13][15]
From the end of 2016 to the beginning of 2017, several subsidiaries of CRRC gained licences from the National Railway Administration to produce the rolling stocks.[17][18][19]
On June 25, 2017, the offical public name of the China Standardized EMU is unveiled as "Fuxing".[20] Signaling a departure from the "和谐号" (Harmony) branding of previous high speed trains.The next day, a CR400AF departed on it's maiden journey from the Beijing South railway station, traveling toward Shanghai, at the same time a CR400BF left Shanghai Hongqiao railway station on it's maiden journey bound for Beijing.[2]
After extensive testing since it's debut, 350 km/h operation returned to the Jinghu HSR using Fuxing trains on September 21, 2017. Once again making the Chinese high speed railway network the fastest in the world.[21]
Specifications and technical features
An 8-car Fuxing set is 209 m (686 ft) long, 3360mm wide and 4060mm high. It has an axleload of less than 17 tonnes. The train can carry 556 passengers, with 10 in business class, 28 in first class, and 518 in second class.[13] The train also reduces energy consumption, and adopts a standard parts design. It also has reinforced safety features compared with other EMUs.[16] In July 2018, 415 m (1,362 ft) long 16 car Fuxing sets started operating. These sets can carry 1,193 passengers and will first start operating on the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway.[22] In 2019, in response to high passenger demand on the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway, 17 car 440 m (1,440 ft) long Fuxing trains started operating.[23][24] These sets have a passenger capacity of 1,283 people.[25]
The spacing of seats of Fuxing (Rejuvenation) is larger than Hexie (Harmony), with the first class at 1160 mm and the second class 1020 mm. It also provides Wi-Fi access.[1]
Variants
All variants of Fuxing train are compatible. The EMU models shares the same standard required by China Railway Corporation, hence the name China Standardized EMU.
Calculated: 438.928 m (1,440 ft 0.6 in) Real: 439.8 m (1,442 ft 11 in)
1283: 22 business, 148 first and 1113 standard
8M9T
January 5, 2019
CR200J
CR200J (Short)
Power cars length: 20,000 mm (65 ft 7 in) Inter cars length: 25,500 mm (83 ft 8 in) Control car length: 27,955 mm (91 ft 8.6 in) Width: 3,105 mm (10 ft 2.2 in) Height: 4,433 mm (14 ft 6.5 in)
Calculated: 226.455 m (742 ft 11.6 in) Real: 234 m (767 ft 9 in)
Test: N/A Design: 210 km/h (130 mph) Continuous operation: 160 km/h (99 mph) Current operation: 160 km/h (99 mph)
690: 690 standard
1M7T1Tc
TBD
January ?, 2019
CR200J (Long)
Calculated: 448 m (1,469 ft 10 in) Real: 518 m (1,699 ft 6 in)
918: 242 standard seats, 280 first class sleepers and 396 second class sleepers
On 12 August 2018, train no. G40 from Hangzhou East railway station to Beijing South railway station collided with a flying steel plate, which was blown away from a nearby construction site close to Langfang railway station. The flying steel plates not only damaged the train itself, but caused serious traffic disruptions on the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway as the overhead catenary also sustained damages. Passengers were transferred to buses, while the damaged train was hauled to Beijing South railway station by a Dongfeng 11 diesel locomotive.[33]
On 26 September 2018 an inbound CR400BF-A trainset was unable to properly open its doors at Hong Kong West Kowloon railway station, as the platform edge reached beyond the track's structure gauge. The vehicle was redirected to a different platform. No injuries were reported.[34]
During the one week holiday of the National Day of the People's Republic of China (October 1–7, 2018), various services of Fuxing were forced to stop at intermediate stations along their routes, as they have been immobilized by the crowd of passengers, causing traffic disruptions. Unlike Hexie, Fuxing trains are equipped with devices that are capable of detecting certain levels of overcrowding, preventing them from any further movement to ensure safety until train staff manage to remove the necessary number of passengers.[35]
On 17 October 2018, China Railway Shanghai Group reported that it has implemented portable air quality measurement devices to monitor the level of hazardous fumes emitted by possibly substandard heat resistant surfaces in the passenger carriages as several complaints have been recorded by passengers and train drivers, stating the smell in the carriages is unbearable. Some passengers also suffered minor respiratory diseases such as coughing and sore throat.[36]
Gallery
CRH-0207 testing in the National Railway Test Center, Beijing
CR400BF-A-5090 to Shanghai Hongqiao.
CRH-0208 and CRH-0507 in the National Railway Test Center, with old liveries and CRH branding.
Double heading between Sifang-built CRH-0207 and Changchun-built CRH-0503
^Wines, Michael; Bradsher, Keith (17 February 2011). "China Rail Chief's Firing Hints at Trouble". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 December 2012. Many multinational companies also resent China for tweaking foreign designs and building the equipment itself rather than importing it.
^Johnson, Ian (13 June 2011). "High-Speed Trains in China to Run Slower, Ministry Says". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 December 2012. In the past few months, some foreign companies that sold China its high-speed technology said the trains were not designed to operate at 215 miles per hour. The ministry said that Chinese engineers had improved on the foreign technology and that the trains were safe at the higher speeds.
"加长版"复兴号"下月起运营" [The extended version of the "Rejuvenation" will operate from next month]. Fawan.com (in Chinese). June 2006. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
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