Standard Model of particle physics
Elementary particles of the Standard Model
Background Particle physics Standard Model Quantum field theory Gauge theory Spontaneous symmetry breaking Higgs mechanism
Constituents Electroweak interaction Quantum chromodynamics CKM matrix Standard Model mathematics
Limitations Strong CP problem Hierarchy problem Neutrino oscillations Physics beyond the Standard Model
Scientists Rutherford Thomson Chadwick Bose Sudarshan Davis Jr Anderson Fermi Dirac Feynman Rubbia Gell-Mann Kendall Taylor Friedman Powell Anderson Glashow Iliopoulos Lederman Maiani Meer Cowan Nambu Chamberlain Cabibbo Schwartz Perl Majorana Weinberg Lee Ward Salam Kobayashi Maskawa Mills Yang Yukawa 't Hooft Veltman Gross Pais Pauli Politzer Reines Schwinger Wilczek Cronin Fitch Vleck Higgs Englert Brout Hagen Guralnik Kibble de Mayolo Lattes Zweig
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In supersymmetry theories of particle physics, a gaugino is the hypothetical fermionic supersymmetric field quantum (superpartner) of a gauge field, as predicted by gauge theory combined with supersymmetry. All gauginos have a spin of 1/2, except for the gravitino, which has a spin of 3/2.

In the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model the following gauginos exist:

• The gluino (symbol
  g͂
  ) is the superpartner of the gluon, and hence carries color charge.
• The gravitino (symbol
  G͂
  ) is the supersymmetric partner of the graviton.
• Three winos (symbol
  W͂^±
  and W͂³) are the superpartners of the W bosons of the SU(2)_L gauge fields.
• The bino is the superpartner of the U(1) gauge field corresponding to weak hypercharge.

Sometimes the term "electroweakinos" is used to refer to winos and binos and on occasion also higgsinos.^[1] Note that in other SUSY models the zino (
Z͂
) is the superpartner of the Z boson.

Mixing

Gauginos mix^{[clarification needed]} with higgsinos, the superpartners of the Higgs field's degrees of freedom, to form mass eigenstates called neutralinos, which are electrically neutral, and charginos, which are electrically charged.

In many supersymmetric models^{[clarification needed]}, the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), often a neutralino such as the photino, is stable. In that case it is a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) and a candidate for dark matter.^{[further explanation needed]}