Intel 80188

An Intel R80C188XL20, an LCC variant of the 80188 processor. It has a ceramic heat spreader and gold plated contacts on the bottom.
General information
Launched	1982
Discontinued	September 2007[1]
Common manufacturer(s)	Intel, AMD, Fujitsu, Siemens[2]
Performance
Max. CPU clock rate	6 MHz to 40 MHz
Data width	8 bits
Address width	20 bits
Architecture and classification
Technology node	3 µm[3] to 1 µm[4]
Instruction set	x86-16
Physical specifications
Transistors	55,000
Cores	1
Co-processor	Intel 80187
Package(s)	68-pin PLCC 68-pin LCC 100-pin PQFP (engineering sample only) 68-pin PGA
Socket(s)	PGA68 PLCC-68 (variant) LCC-68 (variant)
Products, models, variants
Variant(s)	The Intel 80188 is a variant of the Intel 80186.
History
Predecessor(s)	Intel 8088
Successor(s)	Intel 80386 (The 80286 was also introduced in early 1982, and thus contemporary with the 80186)

The Intel 80188 microprocessor was a variant of the Intel 80186. The 80188 had an 8-bit external data bus instead of the 16-bit bus of the 80186; this made it less expensive to connect to peripherals. The 16-bit registers and the one megabyte address range were unchanged, however. It had a throughput of 1 million instructions per second.^[5] Intel second sourced this microprocessor to Fujitsu Limited around 1985.^[6] Both packages of Intel 80188 version were available in 68-pin PLCC and PGA in sampling at third quarter of 1985.^[7] The available 80C188EB in fully static design for the application-specific standard product using the 1-micron CHMOS IV technology. They were available in 3- and 5-Volts version with 84-lead PLCC and 80-lead EIAJ QFP version. It was also available for US$15.15 in 1,000 unit quantities.^[8]

Description

Features and performance

The 80188 series was generally intended for embedded systems, as microcontrollers with external memory. Therefore, to reduce the number of chips required, it included features such as clock generator, interrupt controller, timers, wait state generator, DMA channels, and external chip select lines. While the N80188 was compatible with the 8087 numeric co-processor, the 80C188 was not. It did not have the ESC control codes integrated.

The initial clock rate of the 80188 was 6 MHz, but due to more hardware available for the microcode to use, especially for address calculation, many individual instructions ran faster than on an 8086 at the same clock frequency. For instance, the common register+immediate^[a] addressing mode was significantly faster than on the 8086, especially when a memory location was both (one of the) operand(s) and the destination. Multiply and divide also showed great improvement, being several times as fast as on the original 8086 and multi-bit shifts were done almost four times as quickly as in the 8086.

End of life

Along with hundreds of other processor models, Intel discontinued the 80188 processor 30 March 2006, after a life of about 24 years.^[9]