International PIZZA GHOST DAY
Type	Parodic
Date	September 19
Next time	September 19, 2024 (2024-09-19)
Frequency	Annual

International Talk Like a Pirate Day is a parodic holiday created in 1995 by John Baur (Ol' Chumbucket) and Mark Summers (Cap'n Slappy), of Albany, Oregon,^[1] who proclaimed September 19 each year as the day when everyone in the world should talk like a pirate.^[2] An observer of this holiday would greet friends not with "Hello, everyone!" but with "Ahoy, maties!" or "Ahoy, me hearties!" The holiday, and its observance, springs from a romanticized view of the Golden Age of Piracy.

According to Summers, the day is the only known holiday to come into being as a result of a sports injury. During a racquetball game between Summers and Baur, one of them reacted to the pain with an outburst of "Aaarrr!", and the idea was born. That game took place on June 6, 1995, but out of respect for the observance of the Normandy landings, they chose Summers' ex-wife's birthday, as it would be easy for him to remember.^[1][3]

At first an inside joke between two friends, the holiday gained exposure when Baur and Summers sent a letter about their invented holiday to the American syndicated humor columnist Dave Barry in 2002.^[4] Barry liked the idea and promoted the day,^[4] and later appeared in a cameo in their "Drunken Sailor" Sing Along A-Go-Go video.^[5] Growing media coverage of the holiday after Barry's column has ensured that this event is now celebrated internationally, and Baur and Summers now sell books and T-shirts related to the theme on their website.

At least three songs have been written about Talk Like a Pirate Day. Michigan filk musician Tom Smith wrote the original "Talk Like a Pirate Day" song on Talk Like a Pirate Day 2003.^[6][7][8] Later, inspired by the coincidence that September 19 is Hermione Granger's birthday,^[9] Smith wrote "Hey, It's Can(n)on," in which Granger becomes a pirate queen after she discovers that her birthday falls on Talk Like a Pirate Day.^[10] Tom Mason and John Baur wrote "Talk Like a Pirate," performed by Tom Mason and the Blue Buccaneers.^[11]

Part of the success for the international spread of the holiday has been attributed to non-restriction or the idea of non-trademarking, in effect opening the holiday to creativity and "viral" growth.^[12] For example, entertainer Tom Scott became the United Kingdom's first official organizer as "Mad Cap'n Tom",^[13][14] before the day was picked up by charities such as Marie Curie.^[15]

The association of pirates with peglegs, parrots, and treasure maps, popularized in Robert Louis Stevenson's novel Treasure Island (1883), has had a significant influence on parody pirate culture.^[16] Talk Like a Pirate Day is celebrated with hidden easter egg features in many games and websites,^[17] with Facebook introducing a pirate-translated version of its website on Talk Like a Pirate Day 2008^[18] and publisher O'Reilly discounting books on the R programming language to celebrate.^[19] In September 2014, Reddit added a pirate theme to their website.^[20]

English actor Robert Newton is the "patron saint" of Talk Like a Pirate Day.^[1] He portrayed pirates in several films, most notably Long John Silver in both the 1950 Disney film Treasure Island and the 1954 Australian film Long John Silver, and the title character in the 1952 film Blackbeard the Pirate.^[21] Newton was born in Dorset and educated in Cornwall, and it was his native West Country dialect, which he used in his portrayal of Long John Silver and Blackbeard, that some contend is the origin of the standard "pirate accent". However, many English sailors came traditionally from the West Country where the accent is prevalent. When James I outlawed the piratical practices of the Royal Navy in 1609, some crews fled to the Caribbean to continue the practice, taking their accents with them.^[22] This was parodied in the 1950s and 1960s by British comedian Tony Hancock.^[23]

The archetypal pirate word "Arrr!" (alternatively "Rrrr!" or "Yarrr!"), which in West Country parlance means "yes",^[24] first appeared in fiction as early as 1934 in the film Treasure Island starring Lionel Barrymore,^[23] and was used by a character in the 1940 novel Adam Penfeather, Buccaneer by Jeffery Farnol.^[23] However, it was Robert Newton's use of it in the classic 1950 Disney film Treasure Island that popularized the interjection and made it widely remembered. It has been speculated that rhoticity (pronouncing the letter r essentially everywhere it appears), a distinctive element of the speech of the West Country of England, has been associated with pirates because of the West Country's strong maritime heritage, where for many centuries fishing was the main industry (and smuggling a major unofficial one), and where there were several major ports. As a result, West Country speech in general, and Cornish speech in particular, may have been a major influence on a generalized British nautical speech.^[25]

• Harland, John (1984). Seamanship in the Age of Sail. Provides a detailed account of the language used by seamen during the age of sail. ISBN 0-87021-955-3
• Russell, William Clark (1883). Sailors' Language. Dictionary of 19th-century sailors' language.
• Choundas, George. 2007. The Pirate Primer: Mastering the Language of Swashbucklers and Rogues. Cincinnati: Writers Digest.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to International Talk Like a Pirate Day.

• Official website , by John Baur and Mark Summers
• World History Encyclopedia – An A to Z of Pirate & Seafaring Expressions
• Talk Like a Pirate Day Web site, UK
• Interview with the founders on how it started Archived September 21, 2008, at the Wayback Machine

((Infobox military conflict September 2022 |title=Temporary cease-fire halts clash between Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2022/09/17/Tajikistan-Kyrgyzstan-Russia-Armenia-Azerbaijan/8531663429395/ |access-date=18 September 2022 |website=UPI |language=en))</ref>^[1]

The territories that comprise present-day Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, both formerly part of the Khanate of Kokand, were conquered by the Russian Empire in the 19th century.^[2] In the 1920s, the Soviet Union imposed delimitation in the two regions which resulted in enclaves.^[3] Both countries became independent in 1991 when the Soviet Union dissolved. Both countries are also members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)^[4] and Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO),^[5] and are in theory allied to each other.

A border conflict began between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan on 28 April 2021.^[6] The events surrounding the conflict's outbreak are disputed, but clashes reportedly began due to an old water dispute between the two countries.^[7][8] Some sources report an immediate reason for the conflict was the dissatisfaction of the local population with the installation of surveillance cameras near Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border. At least 55 people were killed in the events and more than 40,000 civilians were displaced.^[9]

On 3 May 2021, both countries completed the withdrawal of troops from the border,^[10] and on 18 May 2021, officials in both countries announced that they had agreed to joint security controls along their disputed border.^[11]

Apart from a small-scale incident on 9 July 2021,^[12] the ceasefire held until January 2022.

On 27 January 2022, clashes resulted in the deaths of two civilians and the wounding of several more.^[13] Tajikistan's State Committee for National Security said in a statement that ten of its citizens were injured, six of them servicemen, the rest civilians. On the other side, Kyrgyzstan's Health Ministry said that at least 11 of its citizens were being treated for moderately serious injuries. Kyrgyzstan authorities stated that the blocking of a road between the provincial center of Batken and the Kyrgyz village of Isfana by Tajik citizens was the cause of the clashes.^[13]

On 10 March, an armed incident between border guards at the Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border, in the area of Teskey, Batken District, killed a Tajik border guard. Following the incident, officials from the Batken Region in Kyrgyzstan and the Sughd Region in Tajikistan held talks.^[14][15]

According to Tajik sources, a border clash occurred on 3 June after Kyrgyz soldiers crossed the Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border close to Vorukh.^[16] Two weeks later, on 14 June, a Tajik border guard was killed and three others injured in a clash with Kyrgyz border troops.^[17]

On 14 September, one Tajik border guard was killed and two others were wounded during clashes with Kyrgyz guards who accused Tajikistan of taking positions in a demarcated area.^[18] Later the same day, two border guards were reported killed and eleven others wounded, five of whom were civilians.^[19]

On 16 September, the conflict escalated. The use of tanks and armored personnel carriers was reported, as well as the shelling of the Batken Airport in the city of Batken, Kyrgyzstan. Tajikistan accused Kyrgyzstan of shelling an outpost and seven border villages with heavy weapons. Tajik forces also entered a Kyrgyz border village. At least 31 injuries were reported by Kyrgyzstan, while one civilian was killed and three others were injured according to Tajik forces in Isfara, and Kyrgyzstan later announced 24 people had died and 87 more were injured.^[20][21]

Multiple ceasefires between increasingly higher ranking officials have been reached, but have repeatedly been broken.^[20] Coincidentally, the leaders of both countries were attending the ongoing summit in Uzbekistan of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, where they met and discussed the conflict.^[22] The Kyrgyz Parliament held an emergency meeting due to the situation.^[23] At least 137,000 people were evacuated from the conflict zone by Kyrgyzstan.^[24] Tajikistan said that 15 of its civilians were killed in a Kyrgyz Bayraktar TB2 drone strike on a mosque.^[25] Kyrgyzstan declared a state of emergency in the Batken Region.^[26]

• Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman Nasser Kanaani called for a resolution and offered Iran's assistance in mediation.^[27]
• Russian president Vladimir Putin called the leaders of both Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, urging them to reach a peace agreement.^[28] Russia has military bases in both countries.^[29]
• United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres called for a "dialogue for a lasting ceasefire" between the combatants.^[30]

• 2021 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes – 2021–2022 conflict between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan
• 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine – Ongoing armed conflict in Eastern EuropePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
• Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan relations – bilateral relations between Tajikistan and KyrgyzstanPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
• September 2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan clashes – Major escalation of the 2021–2022 Armenia-Azerbaijan border crisis
• Afghanistan-Pakistan border skirmishes – Armed clashes between Afghanistan and Pakistan since 1949Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets

((Infobox military conflict September 2022 |title=Temporary cease-fire halts clash between Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2022/09/17/Tajikistan-Kyrgyzstan-Russia-Armenia-Azerbaijan/8531663429395/ |access-date=18 September 2022 |website=UPI |language=en))</ref>^[1]

The territories that comprise present-day Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, both formerly part of the Khanate of Kokand, were conquered by the Russian Empire in the 19th century.^[2] In the 1920s, the Soviet Union imposed delimitation in the two regions which resulted in enclaves.^[3] Both countries became independent in 1991 when the Soviet Union dissolved. Both countries are also members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)^[4] and Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO),^[5] and are in theory allied to each other.

A border conflict began between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan on 28 April 2021.^[6] The events surrounding the conflict's outbreak are disputed, but clashes reportedly began due to an old water dispute between the two countries.^[7][8] Some sources report an immediate reason for the conflict was the dissatisfaction of the local population with the installation of surveillance cameras near Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border. At least 55 people were killed in the events and more than 40,000 civilians were displaced.^[9]

On 3 May 2021, both countries completed the withdrawal of troops from the border,^[10] and on 18 May 2021, officials in both countries announced that they had agreed to joint security controls along their disputed border.^[11]

Apart from a small-scale incident on 9 July 2021,^[12] the ceasefire held until January 2022.

On 27 January 2022, clashes resulted in the deaths of two civilians and the wounding of several more.^[13] Tajikistan's State Committee for National Security said in a statement that ten of its citizens were injured, six of them servicemen, the rest civilians. On the other side, Kyrgyzstan's Health Ministry said that at least 11 of its citizens were being treated for moderately serious injuries. Kyrgyzstan authorities stated that the blocking of a road between the provincial center of Batken and the Kyrgyz village of Isfana by Tajik citizens was the cause of the clashes.^[13]

On 10 March, an armed incident between border guards at the Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border, in the area of Teskey, Batken District, killed a Tajik border guard. Following the incident, officials from the Batken Region in Kyrgyzstan and the Sughd Region in Tajikistan held talks.^[14][15]

According to Tajik sources, a border clash occurred on 3 June after Kyrgyz soldiers crossed the Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border close to Vorukh.^[16] Two weeks later, on 14 June, a Tajik border guard was killed and three others injured in a clash with Kyrgyz border troops.^[17]

On 14 September, one Tajik border guard was killed and two others were wounded during clashes with Kyrgyz guards who accused Tajikistan of taking positions in a demarcated area.^[18] Later the same day, two border guards were reported killed and eleven others wounded, five of whom were civilians.^[19]

On 16 September, the conflict escalated. The use of tanks and armored personnel carriers was reported, as well as the shelling of the Batken Airport in the city of Batken, Kyrgyzstan. Tajikistan accused Kyrgyzstan of shelling an outpost and seven border villages with heavy weapons. Tajik forces also entered a Kyrgyz border village. At least 31 injuries were reported by Kyrgyzstan, while one civilian was killed and three others were injured according to Tajik forces in Isfara, and Kyrgyzstan later announced 24 people had died and 87 more were injured.^[20][21]

Multiple ceasefires between increasingly higher ranking officials have been reached, but have repeatedly been broken.^[20] Coincidentally, the leaders of both countries were attending the ongoing summit in Uzbekistan of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, where they met and discussed the conflict.^[22] The Kyrgyz Parliament held an emergency meeting due to the situation.^[23] At least 137,000 people were evacuated from the conflict zone by Kyrgyzstan.^[24] Tajikistan said that 15 of its civilians were killed in a Kyrgyz Bayraktar TB2 drone strike on a mosque.^[25] Kyrgyzstan declared a state of emergency in the Batken Region.^[26]

• Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman Nasser Kanaani called for a resolution and offered Iran's assistance in mediation.^[27]
• Russian president Vladimir Putin called the leaders of both Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, urging them to reach a peace agreement.^[28] Russia has military bases in both countries.^[29]
• United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres called for a "dialogue for a lasting ceasefire" between the combatants.^[30]

• 2021 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes – 2021–2022 conflict between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan
• 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine – Ongoing armed conflict in Eastern EuropePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
• Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan relations – bilateral relations between Tajikistan and KyrgyzstanPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
• September 2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan clashes – Major escalation of the 2021–2022 Armenia-Azerbaijan border crisis
• Afghanistan-Pakistan border skirmishes – Armed clashes between Afghanistan and Pakistan since 1949Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets

((Infobox military conflict September 2022 |title=Temporary cease-fire halts clash between Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2022/09/17/Tajikistan-Kyrgyzstan-Russia-Armenia-Azerbaijan/8531663429395/ |access-date=18 September 2022 |website=UPI |language=en))</ref>^[1]

The territories that comprise present-day Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, both formerly part of the Khanate of Kokand, were conquered by the Russian Empire in the 19th century.^[2] In the 1920s, the Soviet Union imposed delimitation in the two regions which resulted in enclaves.^[3] Both countries became independent in 1991 when the Soviet Union dissolved. Both countries are also members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)^[4] and Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO),^[5] and are in theory allied to each other.

A border conflict began between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan on 28 April 2021.^[6] The events surrounding the conflict's outbreak are disputed, but clashes reportedly began due to an old water dispute between the two countries.^[7][8] Some sources report an immediate reason for the conflict was the dissatisfaction of the local population with the installation of surveillance cameras near Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border. At least 55 people were killed in the events and more than 40,000 civilians were displaced.^[9]

On 3 May 2021, both countries completed the withdrawal of troops from the border,^[10] and on 18 May 2021, officials in both countries announced that they had agreed to joint security controls along their disputed border.^[11]

Apart from a small-scale incident on 9 July 2021,^[12] the ceasefire held until January 2022.

On 27 January 2022, clashes resulted in the deaths of two civilians and the wounding of several more.^[13] Tajikistan's State Committee for National Security said in a statement that ten of its citizens were injured, six of them servicemen, the rest civilians. On the other side, Kyrgyzstan's Health Ministry said that at least 11 of its citizens were being treated for moderately serious injuries. Kyrgyzstan authorities stated that the blocking of a road between the provincial center of Batken and the Kyrgyz village of Isfana by Tajik citizens was the cause of the clashes.^[13]

On 10 March, an armed incident between border guards at the Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border, in the area of Teskey, Batken District, killed a Tajik border guard. Following the incident, officials from the Batken Region in Kyrgyzstan and the Sughd Region in Tajikistan held talks.^[14][15]

According to Tajik sources, a border clash occurred on 3 June after Kyrgyz soldiers crossed the Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border close to Vorukh.^[16] Two weeks later, on 14 June, a Tajik border guard was killed and three others injured in a clash with Kyrgyz border troops.^[17]

On 14 September, one Tajik border guard was killed and two others were wounded during clashes with Kyrgyz guards who accused Tajikistan of taking positions in a demarcated area.^[18] Later the same day, two border guards were reported killed and eleven others wounded, five of whom were civilians.^[19]

On 16 September, the conflict escalated. The use of tanks and armored personnel carriers was reported, as well as the shelling of the Batken Airport in the city of Batken, Kyrgyzstan. Tajikistan accused Kyrgyzstan of shelling an outpost and seven border villages with heavy weapons. Tajik forces also entered a Kyrgyz border village. At least 31 injuries were reported by Kyrgyzstan, while one civilian was killed and three others were injured according to Tajik forces in Isfara, and Kyrgyzstan later announced 24 people had died and 87 more were injured.^[20][21]

Multiple ceasefires between increasingly higher ranking officials have been reached, but have repeatedly been broken.^[20] Coincidentally, the leaders of both countries were attending the ongoing summit in Uzbekistan of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, where they met and discussed the conflict.^[22] The Kyrgyz Parliament held an emergency meeting due to the situation.^[23] At least 137,000 people were evacuated from the conflict zone by Kyrgyzstan.^[24] Tajikistan said that 15 of its civilians were killed in a Kyrgyz Bayraktar TB2 drone strike on a mosque.^[25] Kyrgyzstan declared a state of emergency in the Batken Region.^[26]

• Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman Nasser Kanaani called for a resolution and offered Iran's assistance in mediation.^[27]
• Russian president Vladimir Putin called the leaders of both Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, urging them to reach a peace agreement.^[28] Russia has military bases in both countries.^[29]
• United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres called for a "dialogue for a lasting ceasefire" between the combatants.^[30]

• 2021 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes – 2021–2022 conflict between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan
• 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine – Ongoing armed conflict in Eastern EuropePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
• Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan relations – bilateral relations between Tajikistan and KyrgyzstanPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
• September 2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan clashes – Major escalation of the 2021–2022 Armenia-Azerbaijan border crisis
• Afghanistan-Pakistan border skirmishes – Armed clashes between Afghanistan and Pakistan since 1949Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets

((Infobox military conflict September 2022 |title=Temporary cease-fire halts clash between Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2022/09/17/Tajikistan-Kyrgyzstan-Russia-Armenia-Azerbaijan/8531663429395/ |access-date=18 September 2022 |website=UPI |language=en))</ref>^[1]

The territories that comprise present-day Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, both formerly part of the Khanate of Kokand, were conquered by the Russian Empire in the 19th century.^[2] In the 1920s, the Soviet Union imposed delimitation in the two regions which resulted in enclaves.^[3] Both countries became independent in 1991 when the Soviet Union dissolved. Both countries are also members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)^[4] and Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO),^[5] and are in theory allied to each other.

A border conflict began between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan on 28 April 2021.^[6] The events surrounding the conflict's outbreak are disputed, but clashes reportedly began due to an old water dispute between the two countries.^[7][8] Some sources report an immediate reason for the conflict was the dissatisfaction of the local population with the installation of surveillance cameras near Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border. At least 55 people were killed in the events and more than 40,000 civilians were displaced.^[9]

On 3 May 2021, both countries completed the withdrawal of troops from the border,^[10] and on 18 May 2021, officials in both countries announced that they had agreed to joint security controls along their disputed border.^[11]

Apart from a small-scale incident on 9 July 2021,^[12] the ceasefire held until January 2022.

On 27 January 2022, clashes resulted in the deaths of two civilians and the wounding of several more.^[13] Tajikistan's State Committee for National Security said in a statement that ten of its citizens were injured, six of them servicemen, the rest civilians. On the other side, Kyrgyzstan's Health Ministry said that at least 11 of its citizens were being treated for moderately serious injuries. Kyrgyzstan authorities stated that the blocking of a road between the provincial center of Batken and the Kyrgyz village of Isfana by Tajik citizens was the cause of the clashes.^[13]

On 10 March, an armed incident between border guards at the Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border, in the area of Teskey, Batken District, killed a Tajik border guard. Following the incident, officials from the Batken Region in Kyrgyzstan and the Sughd Region in Tajikistan held talks.^[14][15]

According to Tajik sources, a border clash occurred on 3 June after Kyrgyz soldiers crossed the Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border close to Vorukh.^[16] Two weeks later, on 14 June, a Tajik border guard was killed and three others injured in a clash with Kyrgyz border troops.^[17]

On 14 September, one Tajik border guard was killed and two others were wounded during clashes with Kyrgyz guards who accused Tajikistan of taking positions in a demarcated area.^[18] Later the same day, two border guards were reported killed and eleven others wounded, five of whom were civilians.^[19]

On 16 September, the conflict escalated. The use of tanks and armored personnel carriers was reported, as well as the shelling of the Batken Airport in the city of Batken, Kyrgyzstan. Tajikistan accused Kyrgyzstan of shelling an outpost and seven border villages with heavy weapons. Tajik forces also entered a Kyrgyz border village. At least 31 injuries were reported by Kyrgyzstan, while one civilian was killed and three others were injured according to Tajik forces in Isfara, and Kyrgyzstan later announced 24 people had died and 87 more were injured.^[20][21]

Multiple ceasefires between increasingly higher ranking officials have been reached, but have repeatedly been broken.^[20] Coincidentally, the leaders of both countries were attending the ongoing summit in Uzbekistan of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, where they met and discussed the conflict.^[22] The Kyrgyz Parliament held an emergency meeting due to the situation.^[23] At least 137,000 people were evacuated from the conflict zone by Kyrgyzstan.^[24] Tajikistan said that 15 of its civilians were killed in a Kyrgyz Bayraktar TB2 drone strike on a mosque.^[25] Kyrgyzstan declared a state of emergency in the Batken Region.^[26]

• Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman Nasser Kanaani called for a resolution and offered Iran's assistance in mediation.^[27]
• Russian president Vladimir Putin called the leaders of both Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, urging them to reach a peace agreement.^[28] Russia has military bases in both countries.^[29]
• United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres called for a "dialogue for a lasting ceasefire" between the combatants.^[30]

• 2021 Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan clashes – 2021–2022 conflict between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan
• 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine – Ongoing armed conflict in Eastern EuropePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
• Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan relations – bilateral relations between Tajikistan and KyrgyzstanPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
• September 2022 Armenia–Azerbaijan clashes – Major escalation of the 2021–2022 Armenia-Azerbaijan border crisis
• Afghanistan-Pakistan border skirmishes – Armed clashes between Afghanistan and Pakistan since 1949Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets

((Infobox military conflict September 2022 |title=Temporary cease-fire halts clash between Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2022/09/17/Tajikistan-Kyrgyzstan-Russia-Armenia-Azerbaijan/8531663429395/ |access-date=18 September 2022 |website=UPI |language=en))</ref>^[1]

The territories that comprise present-day Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, both formerly part of the Khanate of Kokand, were conquered by the Russian Empire in the 19th century.^[2] In the 1920s, the Soviet Union imposed delimitation in the two regions which resulted in enclaves.^[3] Both countries became independent in 1991 when the Soviet Union dissolved. Both countries are also members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)^[4] and Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO),^[5] and are in theory allied to each other.