Jadwiga of Kalisz
Seal of Queen Jadwiga
Queen consort of Poland
Tenure1320 – c. 1333
Coronation30 January 1320
Bornc. 1266
Died10 December 1339 (aged 72–73)
Burial
Clarissine convent in Stary Sącz
SpouseLadislaus the Short
IssueKunigunde, Duchess of Świdnica
Casimir III of Poland
Elizabeth, Queen of Hungary
HousePiast
FatherBolesław the Pious
MotherYolanda of Hungary

Jadwiga of Kalisz (Polish: Jadwiga kaliska (Bolesławówna); 1266 – 10 December 1339) was a Queen of Poland by marriage to Ladislaus the Short. She was the mother of the last Piast King of Poland, Casimir III.

She was the second of three daughters born to Bolesław the Pious[1] and Saint Yolanda of Hungary. In 1293, Jadwiga married Ladislaus I of Poland.[2]

Life

Jadwiga's husband, Ladislaus (Polish: Władysław, known as the "Short" and the "Elbow-high"), was a bitter rival of Wenceslaus II of Bohemia who was King of Poland between 1291–1305. Life was dangerous for Jadwiga and her family during this time, she and three of her children had to go into hiding for a while in 1300. In 1305, Wenceslaus II died and was succeeded by his son, Wenceslaus III of Bohemia. Wenceslaus III reigned for a year before he was assassinated by Germans under mysterious circumstances so his campaign of Poland ended. His wife, Viola of Teschen, had not borne him any children, so Ladislaus assumed control in Poland.

In 1318, Ladislaus began making attempts to have himself crowned king. The pope, John XXII, though initially unwilling, finally granted his approval and Ladislaus and Jadwiga were crowned King and Queen of Poland on 30 January 1320 in Kraków; a new crown was made for the new queen and it was later used to crown other queens of Poland.[3] The coronation was a sign that he had overcome Poland's internal fragmentation and re-united and re-instated the country as an independent kingdom under his rule. Poland now needed friends abroad; so in 1320, Jadwiga and Władysław's daughter Elizabeth (1305–1380) married Charles I of Hungary. Jadwiga played an active part in politics during her husband's reign.

Her husband died in 1333. Jadwiga lived until 1339.

Issue

In addition to Elizabeth, Ladislaus and Jadwiga had:

In popular culture

Film

Jadwiga of Kalisz is a primary character in the first season of the Polish historical drama Korona królów ("The Crown of the Kings").

Ancestors

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References

  1. ^ Lerski 1996, p. 250.
  2. ^ a b c d Davies 1982, p. 65.
  3. ^ Prazmowska 2011, p. 32.
  4. ^ Women in Power 1300–1350 (scroll down the page)

Sources

Jadwiga of Kalisz House of PiastBorn: 1266 Died: 10 December 1339 Royal titles VacantTitle last held byViola of Teschen Queen consort of Poland 1320–1333 Succeeded byAldona of Lithuania
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