Kuchean | |
---|---|
Tocharian B Kuśiññe | |
Native to | Kucha |
Region | Tarim Basin |
Ethnicity | Tocharians |
Extinct | 9th century AD |
Indo-European
| |
Early form | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | txb |
xtb Tocharian B | |
Glottolog | tokh1243 |
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Kuchean (also known as Tocharian B or West Tocharian) was a Western member of the Tocharian branch of Indo-European languages, extinct from the ninth century. Once spoken in the Tarim Basin in Central Asia, Tocharian B shows an internal chronological development; three linguistic stages have been detected.[1] The oldest stage is attested only in Kucha. There is also the middle ('classicalʼ), and the late stage.[2]
Acorrding to Peyrot, the self-designation for the language was kuśi 'Kuča'.[3] In scholarly works, it is known as West Tocharian or Kuchean.[4]
According to scholar Michael Peyrot, Tocharian B is dated between the 5th and 10th centuries AD, and was spread from Kuča to Yānqi and Turfan.[5] Paul Widmer, following Tamai's and Adams's studies, situates Tocharian B roughly between 400 and 1200, its oldest layer dating from ca. 400 to 600, around "Kucha and environs".[6]
According to J. H. W. Penney, Tocharian B is reported to be documented as Buddhist religious literature, and as secular material "pertaining to everyday life".[7]