|} The Lanchester Railway was an English railway line that was developed by the North Eastern Railway to run between Durham to Consett. Running {[convert|12|mi)) along the valley of the River Browney, it opened on 1 September 1862. Closed under the Beeching Axe, today it has been redeveloped by Durham County Council as a foot and cycle path as the Lanchester Valley Railway Path.
In 1842, the Derwent Iron Company (DIC) had taken over the southern part of the former Stanhope and Tyne Railway. After the West Durham Railway constructed a line to Crook, the Stockton and Darlington Railway (S&DR) began construction of the Weardale Extension Railway to Crook, which opened on 8 November 1843, from a junction on its leased Weardale Railway.[1] As a result, the DIC proposed an extension from Crook to the foot of the Meeting Slacks incline, which latter became Waskerley, to provide a southern shipping route for thier lime and iron products. Having obtained an extension of their right of way from the Bishop of Durham, the DIC submitted the plans to the S&DR, who agreed to the extension as long as the DIC leased the entire southern section of the former S&TR to them. The Stanhope to Carrhouse section passed into the possession of the S&DR on 1 January 1845, with the completed 10 miles (16 km) Weardale Extension Railway from the Wear Valley Junction to Waskerley opening on 16 May 1845.[1]
After the opening of the Weardale Extension Railway and the completion of Hownes Gill Viaduct under Thomas Bouch in 1858,[2][3] the DIC had pressurised the newly formed NER to link Consett with the River Tyne via Gateshead.[4]
After the formation of the North Eastern Railway (NER) in 1854, they were looking to develop commercially sound new projects within their territory. The proposed Derwent Valley Line would give great commercial value to the DIC, but would it provide value to the NER?
The NER hence proposed a larger scale plan, to connect Durham to Gateshead and onwards to Newcastle Central via a second route. At this time, the NER had only the Leamside Line connecting the two major cities (there was no East Coast Main Line), and so a secondary line proved interesting. Further, it was known that there was coal in the valley of the River Browney, and so developing a railway through it would allow speculators to know that relatively low cost and relaible transport was easily available. Finally, by the 1860's the DIC had need for better access to the iron town of Middlesbrough and the neighbouring Ironstone of the Cleveland Hills to feed its furnaces. At this time they were accessed by various circuitous rail links between the two towns, but a direct route was required.[5]
Construction commenced in February 1861 from Durham in the south, with all infrastructure built to double-track standards, but the line initially built only as a single track. The line opened a year later, with stations at (North to South):[5]
The NER built a nuber of substantial stones bridges along the line to span the River Browney, but the largest was located 1.5 miles (2.4 km) east of Knitsley over Kitsley Burn. Needing to span a valley which was 700 feet (210 m) across, the railway choose a wooden structure, which when finished was a maximum of 70 feet (21 m) high. At the outbreak of World War I, the bridge was found to be in need of major repairs, and so under instruction from the Ministry of War and with assistance from the British Army, the NER replaced the structure with an embankment using colliery slag and old ballast.[5]
In 1870, Lord Lambton accepted an application to search for coal, and the following year it was found. After the agreement of suitable mineral rights leases, the NER in anticipation double-tracked the entire length of the line. Colliery's subsequently opened at Bearpark, Malton, Lanchester and Langley Park, all served by the railway.[5]
Passenger numbers were always light on the line, mainly from coal miners taking early morning and late night works trains, and later from workers travelling to Consett. The expansio of the coal mines in the late Victoria era resulted in the additional opening of a station at Aldin Grange in 1883 (renamed Bearpark in 1927). However, passenger numbers fell as the various collieries closed, and passenger services ceased at the outbreak of World War II, never to return to the line.[5]
Goods traffic to the various stations continued until 1965, but the branch was closed under the Beeching Axe. Consett Steelworks traffic was diverted by British Railways via the former Stanhope and Tyne Railway, allowing the Lanchester Railway to close on 20 June 1966. Contractors removed the track the following year.[5]
Closed under the Beeching Axe, today it has been redeveloped by Durham County Council as a foot and cycle path as the Lanchester Valley Railway Path, which runs from the former Lydgetts Junction just south of Consett to the Broompark Picnic Area near Stonebridge.