This is a list of locations which have served as the capital city of major historical empires in the Indian subcontinent as well as the modern day nation of India since 1858. The current capital city of the Indian Republic is New Delhi, which replaced Calcutta in 1911.
- Nanda dynasty
- Maurya dynasty
- Gupta dynasty
- Agra: Capital of Sikandar Lodi at the time of the Lodhi dynasty. Sultan Sikandar Lodī (1488–1517) was the first to move his capital from Delhi to Agra in 1506.
- Vijayanagara: Capital of Vijayanagara Empire from early 14th Century until 1585, when it was abandoned, ostensibly due to lack of water.
- Patna: Sher Shah Suri's Empire Capital between 1538/1540 and 1556 and also served as Capital of Bihar Subah under Mughals.
- Allahabad: The city was a provincial capital in the Mughal Empire and was the headquarters of Jahangir from 1599 to 1604.[2]
- Ghor: Capital of Ghurid Sultanate
- Budaun: Capital of Iltutmish empire.
- Kanchipuram Capital of Pallavas
- Thanjavur: Capital of Cholas
- Murshidabad: In 1704, nawab Murshid Quli Khan changed the seat of government from Dhaka to Murshidabad, renaming it after himself.
- Pune: In 1730, Pune became the capital of the Marathas of the Maratha Empire.At this time Maratha Empire was at its peak, and became the only non-mughal capital.
- Munger: Mir Qasim Ali, the Nawab of Bengal (from 1760 to 1764). In 1763, Quasim shifted his capital from Murshidabad to Munger.
- Daulatabad: In 1327, Indian, under Muhammad ibn Tughluq (r. 1325-1351), forcibly moved the entire population of Delhi here, for two years, before it was abandoned due to lack of water.
- Hanamkonda and Warangal: Capital of Kakatiya Dynasty
- Addanki: Capital of Reddy Kingdom
- Cochin (1505–1510)
- Old Goa (1510–1843)
- Nova Goa (1843–1961)
- Pulicat: capital of Dutch Coromandel until 1690 (1610–1690; 1781–1795)
- Nagapatnam: capital of Tanjore district from 1799 to 1845 under Madras Presidency of the British.
- Pondicherry: capital of Puducherry union territory during French India.