This a list of territories and polities that have been considered colonies.

British

Harbour Street, Kingston, Jamaica, c. 1820
The Battle of Isandlwana during the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879. After an initial defeat the British were able to conquer Zululand.

Main article: British Empire
1966 flag of the Anglo-French Condominium of the New Hebrides

French

Main article: List of French possessions and colonies

German

Kamerun (by R. Hellgrewe, 1908)

Spanish

An 18th-century casta painting from New Spain shows a Spanish man and his indigenous wife.
The Battle of Tétouan, 1860, by Marià Fortuny
Spanish General Arsenio Martínez Campos in Havana, Colonial Cuba, 1878

Main article: Spanish Empire

Portuguese

Portuguese women in Goa, India, 16th century

Main article: Portuguese Empire

Italian

Postcard of the Italian invasion of Libya during the Italo-Turkish War

Dutch

Belgian

Danish

Main article: Danish colonial empire
Map of the European Union in the world, with Overseas Countries and Territories and Outermost Regions. (N.B. The United Kingdom left the Union in 2020.)

Swedish

Norse

Norwegian

Polish-Lithuanian

Main articles: Duchy of Courland and Couronian colonization

Austrian and Austro-Hungarian

Main article: Austrian colonial policy
Muslim Bosniak resistance during the battle of Sarajevo in 1878 against the Austro-Hungarian occupation

Russian

The Russian settlement of St. Paul's Harbour (present-day Kodiak, Alaska), Russian America, 1814

American

Further information: List of Guano Island claims and United States territorial acquisitions
Governor General William Howard Taft addressing the audience at the Philippine Assembly in the Manila Grand Opera House

Australian

New Zealand

Governor Lord Ranfurly reading the annexation proclamation to Queen Makea on 7 October 1900.

Japanese

Main articles: Japanese colonial empire and List of territories occupied by Imperial Japan

Korean

Chinese

Main article: List of tributary states of China
Camp of the Qing Military in Dzungar in 1756.

Omani

Omani Empire

Following the expulsion of the Portuguese colonizers, Sultanate of Oman was the preeminent power in the western Indian Ocean during the 17th century.[4]

Mexican

Ecuadorian

Colombian

Argentine

Argentine C-130 and control tower, Marambio Airport
The Conquest of the Desert extended Argentine power into Patagonia.

Paraguayan colonies

Chilean

Brazilian

Bolivian

Ethiopian

Moroccan

Burmese

Indonesian

Indonesian soldiers pose in November 1975 in Batugade, East Timor with a captured Portuguese flag.

Thai/Siamese

Siamese Army in Laos in 1893.

Vietnamese

Former countries

Ancient Egyptian

Genoese

Main article: Genoese colonies

Khedivate Egyptian

Knights Hospitaller

Main article: Hospitaller colonization of the Americas

Ottoman

Pisan

Sicilian

Two Sicilian

Venetian

Main article: Stato da Màr

References

  1. ^ See Walter Sauer, "Habsburg Colonial: Austria-Hungary's Role in European Overseas Expansion Reconsidered,” Austrian Studies (2012) 20:5–23 online
  2. ^ "Records of U.S. Occupation Headquarters, World War II". 15 August 2016.
  3. ^ In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, the Chinese were prohibited from entering Mongolia to prevent the assimilation of the Mongols loss of combat effectiveness. The prohibition was abolished after the Late Qing reforms, and then Mongolia declared its independence from the Manchu Qing.
  4. ^ Oman Country Profile. Oman Country Profile. British Library Partnership. Qatar Digital Library. 2014.
  5. ^ Naomi Porat (1992). "An Egyptian Colony in Southern Palestine During the Late Predynastic to Early Dynastic". In Edwin C. M. van den Brink (ed.). The Nile Delta in Transition: 4th.-3rd. Millennium B.C. : Proceedings of the Seminar Held in Cairo, 21.-24. October 1990, at the Netherlands Institute of Archaeology and Arabic Studies. Van den Brink. pp. 433–440. ISBN 978-965-221-015-9. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
  6. ^ "Ancient Tomb Sheds New Light on Egyptian Colonialism".
  7. ^ Siegbert Uhlig (2005). Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: D-Ha. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 951. ISBN 978-3-447-05238-2. Retrieved 2013-06-01.
  8. ^ a b Safi, Khaled M. (2008), "Territorial Awareness in the 1834 Palestinian Revolt", in Roger Heacock (ed.), Of Times and Spaces in Palestine: The Flows and Resistances of Identity, Beirut: Presses de l'Ifpo, ISBN 9782351592656
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