Governors in the various provinces of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.
In addition to governors, the following list (under construction) intends to give an overview of colonial units of the provincial level; therefore it also includes some offices of similar rank, especially the intendant. Intendente is both a Spanish and Portuguese word, derived from the French Intendant. It was introduced to the Spanish Empire by the Bourbon Dynasty, which Spain shared with France after the early 18th century. This list also does not distinguish between Gobernaciones and Provincias, because they were essentially two grades of provinces.
Provinces under the Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo
- Under the judicial jurisdiction of the Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo and the administrative supervision of its President-Captain General with great autonomy from the Viceroy of New Spain.
Island of Santo Domingo
Island of Cuba
- See List of colonial heads of Cuba.
- 1510 Conquered by Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, who becomes first Governor.
- 1511 Settlers create Municipality of Barbacoa to separate Island from the Viceroyalty of Diego Colón.
- 1607 Governor given additional office of Captain General. Pedro Váldez first Governor-Captain General.
- 1765 Independent Intendancy created for the Island. First Intendant was Miguel de Altarriba.
- 1795 Audiencia of Santo Domingo moves to Cuba; becomes Audiencia of Puerto Príncipe.
- 1821 Collapse of the Viceroyalty of New Spain makes Island of Cuba principal possession of the Spanish Monarchy in America.
Island of Puerto Rico
- See List of governors of Puerto Rico.
- Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo.
- 1508 First settlement established by Juan Ponce de León, who becomes first Governor.
- 1511 Island returned to the Viceroyalty of Diego Colón.
- 1536 Crown purchases Viceroyalty from Luis Colón, Diego's son.
- 1536–1545 Each half of the Island administered by the Alcaldes of San Juan and San Germán.
- 1545 Governorship reestablished.
- 1580 Governor given additional office of Captain General.
- 1784 Governor-Captain General given additional office of Intendant.
- 1821 Collapse of Viceroyalty of New Spain. Island of Puerto Rico under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Puerto Príncipe, Cuba.
Province of Florida (1699–1763)
Intendancy issues handled by the Cuban Intendancy starting in 1763.
- 1565 Granted right to communicate directly to the Council of the Indies. Florida overseen by President of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo until subordinated to Cuba in 1763.
- 10 February 1763 Traded to Britain (exchanged for Cuba); division into two colonies, East Florida and West Florida.
- 9 May 1781 West Florida retaken by Spain.
- 23 September 1783 East and West Florida formally returned to Spain (subordinated to Cuba).
- 27 October 1785 Northern boundary of Florida established by the Treaty of San Lorenzo/Pinckney's Treaty.
- 22 February 1819 Ceded to U.S. by Adams-Onís Treaty.
Province of Nueva Andalucía
Louisiana (1762-1802)