The following is a list of peace processes of specific conflicts starting in the late twentieth century.

• 1918 Russia–Ukraine negotiations - peace negotiations between the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and the Ukrainian State
• Cyprus peace process, from c.1974 - a prolonged process to find a peaceful solution for the Cyprus problem
• Western Sahara peace process, efforts since c.1991 to resolve the Western Sahara conflict
• Israeli–Palestinian peace process, efforts since c.1991 to find a political accommodation for the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and the wider Arab–Israeli conflict
• Negotiations to end apartheid in South Africa, successful talks that brought about the end of the apartheid system
• Nagorno–Karabakh peace process coordinated by the OSCE Minsk Group (1991–2021), attempted to resolve the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
• Kurdish–Turkish peace process, failed attempts to resolve the Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)
  • 1991–2004 Kurdish–Turkish peace initiatives
  • 1993 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire
  • 2009–2010 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire
  • 2013–2015 PKK–Turkey peace process
• Northern Ireland peace process, efforts from c.1993 to end "the Troubles"
• Guatemalan Peace Process 1994-1996, successful process that ended the Guatemalan Civil War
• Colombia
  • 1999–2002 FARC–Government peace process, failed attempt to resolve the Colombian conflict
  • Colombian peace process (2012–2016), ongoing process to bring an end to the Colombian conflict

• Fatah–Hamas reconciliation process, attempts to resolve the Fatah–Hamas conflict
• Syrian peace process (2011–present), various attempts to find a political solution for the Syrian Civil War
• Yemeni peace process (2011–present), attempts to resolve the Yemeni Crisis, resulted in replacement of the President, but no end to the violence
• Bangsamoro peace process, attempts to find solution for the Moro conflict
• Negotiations during the Venezuelan crisis (2014–present), attempts to resolve the crisis in Venezuela
• Libyan peace process (2015–2020), resolution of the Second Libyan Civil War, leading to the Government of National Unity in February 2021 and planned presidential and parliamentary elections in June 2022
• Afghan peace process (2018–2021), various attempts to find a peaceful resolve to the War in Afghanistan, ended with a decisive Taliban military victory
• 2018–19 Korean peace process, failed attempt to end the Korean conflict
• Sudanese peace process (2019–present), attempts to resolve the War in Darfur and the Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile
• Tigrayan peace process (2020–present), attempts to resolve the Tigray War
• Peace negotiations in the Russian invasion of Ukraine, peace negotiations between Russia and Ukraine after the former's invasion of the latter

• List of peace activists