Pattern of the pharyngeal arches. I-IV pharyngeal arches, 1–4 pharyngeal pouches (inside) and/or pharyngeal grooves (outside)
a Tuberculum laterale
b Tuberculum impar
c Foramen cecum
d Ductus thyreoglossus
e Sinus cervicalisThe pharyngeal apparatus is an embryological structure.[1][2]
It consists of:
and related membranes.