Polyxena of Hessen-Rotenburg-Rheinfels (Langenschwalbach, September 21 1706 - Turin, January 13 1735) was a Princess of Hessen-Rotenburg-Rheinfels and second wife of King Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia.

Polyxena was a daughter of Ernest Leopold, Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg (1684 - 1749) and Eleonore of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort (1686-1753).

She married on August 20 1724 in Thorn with crown prince Charles Emmanuel of Piedmont-Sardinia.
They had six children :

• Victor Amadeus III of Savoy (June 26 1726 - Oktober 16 1796), the next King of Sardinia.
• Eleonora Maria Teresa (February 28 1728 - August 14 1781), unmarried.
• Maria Felicita (March 19 1730 - May 13 1801), unmarried.
• Maria Luisa Gabriella (March 25 1729 - June 22 1767), a nun.
• Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of Aosta (May 17 1731 - April 23 1735).
• Carlo Francesco Romualdo, Duke of Chablais (July 23 1733 - December 28 1733).

She died of disease at the age of 28 and was first buried the Cathedral S. Giovanni Battista, since 1786 in the Basilica of Superga in Turin.

• Domenico Carutti di Cantogno: Storia del regno di Carlo Emanuele III. Turin 1859.

The peerage