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S. Srikanta Sastri
S. Srikanta Sastri, University of Mysore
Dr S. Srikanta Sastri, M.A., D. Litt
Born(1904-11-05)5 November 1904
Nanjanagud, British IndiaCite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).
Died10 May 1974(1974-05-10) (aged 69)
Bangalore, Independent India
NationalityIndian
Alma materMaharaja's College, Mysore
Known for"Sources of Karnataka History–I”, "Geopolitics of India and Greater India”, "Bharathiya Samskruthi”, "Puratathva Shodhane”, "Hoysala Vastushilpa”, "Samshodhana lekhanagalu”, "Prapancha Charitreya Ruparekhegalu”, "Early Gangas of Talakad
SpouseNagarathnamma
Awards"Srikanthika” – Festschrift Volume, "Kannada Sahitya Parishta Award (1970)”, "Mythic Society Diamond Jubilee Honour", "Honour by former Governor of Karnataka Mohanlal Sukadia
Scientific career
FieldsHistory, Indology, Indus Valley Civilization, History of Karnataka, Tantric Hieroglyphics
InstitutionsMaharaja's College, Mysore, University of Mysore
Notable studentsU. R. Ananthamurthy, R. K. Laxman, R. K. Narayan, G. Venkatasubbaiah, M. Chidananda Murthy, Chaduranga, Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar, S.R. Rao, D. Javaregowda, H. Y. Sharada Prasad, A.V. Narasimhamurthy, T. V. Venkatachala Sastry, B. Sheikh Ali, R. Sathyanarayana, R. Visweswaran, N. S. Lakshminarayan Bhat, G. H. Nayak, A. V. Venkatarathnam, V. S. SampathKumaracharya, Y. G. Krishnamurthy
Websitewww.srikanta-sastri.org
Signature
S. Srikanta Sastri

Sondekoppa Srikanta Sastri (Kannada: ಎಸ್. ಶ್ರೀಕoಠ-ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರೀ) (5 November 1904 – 10 May 1974) was an eminent Indian historian,[1] Indologist, epigraphist and polyglot who worked as Professor of History and Indology at the University of Mysore. He was fluent in over 14 languages spanning Latin, Greek, Hittite, Assyrian, Sanskrit, Pali and Prakrit among others.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). Among the early pioneers in the field of deciphering and interpreting Indus Valley Scripts, he published numerous articles, monographs and reviews putting forth his views on the Hattili Hieroglyphics & Proto-Indic ScriptsCite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). and the Studies in Indus Scripts.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). His scholarly erudition is reflected in the many books,Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). numerous articles,Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). monographs and reviews that he authored. A strong proponent of the argument against the Aryan invasion theory, his article titled "The Aryans" published in the Bharatiya Vidya in 1947 served to illuminate on certain historical facts hitherto ignored.

Early life

Ancestry

File:Asthan Vidwan Motaganahalli Ramshesha Sastri.jpg
"Asthan Vidwan Motaganahalli Ramshesha Sastri"

Sondekoppa Srikanta Sastri was born to brahmin parents of Mulukanadu origins in the small town of Nanjanagud near Mysore.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). The family were immigrants from Andhra Pradesh in the 16th Century and settled in the Nelamangala region of Karnataka. An ancestor on the paternal side – Yagnapathi Bhatta was a famous court poet in the court of Immadi Kempegowda.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). The family stayed in the few acres of land given by Kempegowda for nearly a century. S.Srikanta Sastri's maternal lineage were descendants of the Vellala Motaganahalli clan. An ancestor on the maternal side by name Umamahesvara SastriCite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). was a court poet in the court of King Devaraya of Vijayanagara empire.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). Umamahesvara Sastri's famous work "Bhagavata Champu" earned him the title of Abhinava Kalidasa.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). His maternal uncles Motaganahalli Mahadeva Sastri,Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). Vidwan Ramshesha Sastri and Vidwan Sankara Sastri were eminent court poets in the Mysore Palace.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). Vidwan Ramshesha Sastri was the first person to translate "Bhagavata" to Kannada from Sanskrit. His other works include "Mudra Rakshaka" and "Mukundananada Bhana", "Balika Gitavali", "Karnataka Hitopadesham" and a script for Gubbi Veeranna titled "Pandava Vijaya".Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). Vidwan Sankara Sastri taught at "Rao Bahadur Arcot Narayanswami Mudaliar patashala" and is credited with the composition of "Vedanta Panchadarshi" later quoted by D.V.Gundappa. His son Asthan Vidwan Motaganahalli Subramanya Sastri, editor of "Ranga Bhoomi" is credited with "Karnata Malavikagnimitra" and "Jayachamarajendra Granthamalige".Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).

Education

File:S.V.Venkateswara.jpg
Prof S.V.Venkateswara

The second child (among seven children) of parents Ramaswamy Sastri (father) and Seshamma (Mother), S.Srikanta Sastri had his childhood spread out across the districts of Kolar, Nanjanagud and Chickaballapur in Karnataka owing to his father's (a civil servant) frequent transfers.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). S.Srikanta Sastri passed his matriculation exam in 1915 and gained admission to a course in Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) at Maharaja's College, Mysore. After securing a bachelor's degree in Arts, he embarked on a Master's Course in History (M.A) under the tutelage of J.C.Rollo, B.M.Srikantaiah (Kannada faculty), Prof V.L.D'Souza (English faculty), S.V.Krishnaswamy Aiyangar (Political Science), S.Krishna Rao (Greek History), N.Subba Rao (Economics), Prof S.V.Venkateswara (History), R.Shamashastri and M.H.Krishna (Ancient History). After completing his master's degree in History, he appeared for the Civil Services Exam and passed it. Unfortunately, owing to poor health, he was deemed unfit.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).

Academician

File:Prof S. Srikanta Sastri.jpg
Prof S. Srikanta Sastri (1940)

Spanning three decades between 1930 and 1960, S. Srikanta sastri was affiliated with the Department of History and Indology (currently renamed as Department of Ancient History & Archaeology) at University of Mysore under different designations ranging from Tutor (1930), Lecturer (1935), Professor (1954–59 under the auspices of Vice-Chancellor K.V.Puttappa) and ultimately Head of the Department (1959–60) where after he retired in the same year. A simple open coat, shirt and a traditional dhoti completed his quintessential attire.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).

Nationalist

S.Srikanta Sastri involved himself in the ongoing Independence movement in the 1930s with patriotic fervour. He would often write scathing criticisms of the British Rule in different articles and reviews. One such piece was a foreword he had penned for Y.G.Krishnamurthi's "Independent India and New World Order" in 1940. This incidentally was mentioned along with few passing remarks on Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan's supposed anti-colonial stance on Berlin Radio by Adolf Hitler's propaganda chief-Joseph Goebbels.,Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). This was heard by many a listener both at home and abroad and saw the British conduct a due investigation in Mysore where upon they issued a stern warning to S.Srikanta sastri against any future writings which may be deemed as anti-British in sentiment.

Bibliography

As a young writer, S.Srikanta Sastri played around with a few poems and essays, many of which drew praise from his mentor at college B.M. Srikantaiah. Notable among these early essays were "Shivaganga Kshetra" and "Kannada Nayananda", the latter particularly attracting considerable attention from the likes of Prof S.V.Ranganna, Prof M.Hiriyanna and Dr A. Venkatasubbaiah. S.Srikanta Sastri published his first article at the age of 22 in the 1926, July edition of "Journal of Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland" titled "South India-Dakshinadalli Shiladityana Vistarana Kramagalu (Conquests of Siladitya in the south)Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). ".Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). This was followed by a publication of a piece on Vijayanagara's Immadi Devaraya in "Indian Antiquary" and "Modern Review".Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). Dr S.Srikanta Sastri authored about 10 books, nearly 300 articles in Kannada and English, few monographs and historical reviews.

List of books

Sources of Karnataka history

Sources of Karnataka History, Vol I (1940)

Written at the request of the Maharaja of Mysore-Nalvadi Krishnaraja Wodeyar, this book was the first in a series on Karnataka's history across the millennia. The sources for such a vast work covered many inscriptions and scriptures in numerous languages spanning Kannada, Telugu, Tamil, Marathi and Sanskrit. The book traverses the length and breadth of Karnataka's history through the different ruling dynasties from Kadambas to Cholas and Pandavas. In the context of the Halmidi Inscription, the work assumes importance. The book attracted praise from Dr Barnett in the Journal of Royal Asiatic Society. Apart from Dr Barnett, Diwan Sir Mirza Ismail, R. C. Majumdar and P.K.Ghode also praised it. It was published in 1940.,Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).

Sources of Karnataka History, Vol II and Vol III were written and remain in manuscript form. These works were started as enduring projects in 1928 by S.Srikanta Sastri as a postgraduate student in department of history under his professor and head S.V.Venkateswara (pictured above) at University of Mysore. Even though the project to encapsulate Karnataka History gathered momentum in 1928 under the vice-chancellorship of Brajendra Nath Seal, it was not until 1940 under the vice-chancellorship of N.S.Subbaraya that Sources of Karnataka History, Vol I saw its first publication.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). The book is multilingual covering Telugu, Kannada, Sanskrit and predominantly English and offers numerous sources as references ranging from inscriptions, stone tablets, temple carvings to recovered material at excavations.

Geopolitics of India and Greater India

Geopolitics of India and Greater India (1943)

Written in 1943,Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). this book was an insightful preview into the unfolding events in the geopolitical sphere in Europe, Asia and beyond. Though idealistic in its overtones, the book surmises and at times forecasts the conglomeration of countries bound by uniform geographical, cultural, political and economical realities. These predictions have now been realised decades later in terms of NATO, the now defunct Warsaw Pact, SAARC and BRICS associations. S. Srikanta Sastri widely quotes the likes of Karl Haushofer (author of "Zeitshcrift fur Geopolitik"Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). −1925), Rudolf Kjellen and Friedrich Ratzel (author of "Politische Geographie" 1897) among others. The surmise that nations can no longer function in isolation and need to not only co-exist but additionally complement each other's interests for the greater regional good has been time and again proven beyond doubt. The concepts of "Vital Space", "Union" and "Supra-Union" find mention for the first time in a historical perspective as opposed to a nationalistic one. Quoted here from the book is an excerpt which best captures the intended message:

The fundamental problem of political science is to reconcile the mutually antagonistic elements in the modern state – the liberty of the individual with the authority of the state, the need for political security with the necessities of international trade and exchange, nationalism with ever-growing world Communications, sovereignty with the protection of culture, association with the rest of the world with the retention of the power to work out one's own national destiny. Geopolitics as it is at present attempts to give a simple and sure solution but it has led to illusion, power politics and worldwide misery. The ultimate considerations must be spiritual and moral. Justice and cooperation can be achieved only on the basis of Truth and Non-violence.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).

List of articles

Catalogue listings

Recognition

File:Srikanthika - S. Srikanta Sastri Felicitation Volume.jpg
"Srikanthika" - S. Srikanta Sastri Festschrift Volume (1973)

Among the foremost Indian historians of the Pre and Post-Independence years, S. Srikanta Sastri's vast repertoire of historical knowledge saw him author works with far-reaching influences. He published his first article titled Conquests of Siladitya in the South at the young age of 22 in the "Journal of Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland".Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). S. Srikanta Sastri was the first person in the Princely State of Mysore (and later Karnataka) to be honoured with a D. Litt. In 1958, he was asked to preside over the "Kannada Sahitya Sammelana" (Kannada Literature Congress) at Bellary, Karnataka. He was awarded the Kannada Sahitya Sammellana award in 1970.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). In 1973, in recognition of his lifetime contribution to History & Indology, University of Mysore brought forth a Festschrift Volume titled "Srikanthika" in his honour.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). Prominent historians, epighraphists and other intellectuals of his time penned articles in this volume. One of the authors - S. S. Raghavachar described the intellectual giant thus:

Dr S. Srikanta Sastri is a scholar and historian of the highest distinction in Karnataka and it is fitting that an appropriate tribute to his contribution to the advancement of learning should be put on record. His admirers and students are to be warmly congratulated on their endeavour in this direction. It is no less an obligation to bring together studies that pertain to his wide field of scholarly interest and also continue the lines of his investigation. A publication embodying this two fold effort is an altogether admirable mode of honouring the great scholar.

—S. S. Raghavachar

Governor of Karnataka Mohanlal Sukadia honouring S. Srikanta Sastri in 1973

In the same year i.e. 1973, The Mythic Society of Bangalore celebrated its Diamond Jubilee year and had Governor of Karnataka Mohanlal Sukadia honour S. Srikanta Sastri with a Hoysala Memento (pictured). A numismatics conference was held in 1994 in honour of S. Srikanta Sastri's contribution to field of Archaeology. To mark his birth centenary (1904-2004), a symposium was held at Mythic Society, where leading littérateurs, intellectuals and historians presented papers on varied topics in honour of S. Srikanta Sastri. The event was graced by T. V. Venkatachala Sastry, Rama Jois, S. R. Rao and then Vice chancellor of Bangalore University M. S. Thimmappa among others. On completion of fifty years of statehood for Karnataka, the Government of Karnataka selected one hundred different works to be brought forth as reprints. Among these were S. Srikanta Sastri's magnum opus - Bharathiya Samskruthi.

Legacy

Birth Centenary of S. Srikanta Sastri at Daly Memorial Hall (The Mythic Society), Bangalore in 2004

S. Srikanta Sastri's legacy stems forth from his vast writings and a bastion of scholars and intellectuals whom he taught and inspired during their student days. His books, many of which have been reprinted in successive volumes have found a wide readership among students of History and Indology in India & abroad. A concise presentation of world history titled Prapancha Charithreya RuparekhegaluCite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). originally published in the 1950s with a foreword by the eminent Kannada Litterateur and Poet Kuvempu also underwent reprint in 2014. A Collection of his Kannada articles on Karnataka history, temple architecture, culture and language titled Samshodhana Lekhanagalu was reprinted in 2014.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). His work on Hoysala temple architecture titled Hoysala VastushilpaCite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). came out in its third reprint in 2015. Many Manuscripts are yet to find their way into print. The scope of his works came at a cost. Such untiring perseverance and a steadfast scholarly zeal eventually took a toll on his health. Having borne the brunt of two earlier heart attacks and a debilitating paralytic stroke, S. Srikanta Sastri breathed his last on the 10th of May 1974, aged 70 years.Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). In memoriam, a centenary celebration was observed at Daly Memorial Hall (The Mythic Society), Bangalore in 2004 (pictured).Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).

References

  1. ^ Essays on Indian History and Culture: Felicitation Volume in Honour of ... – H. V. Sreenivasa Murthy – Google Books. Books.google.co.in. 1990. ISBN 8170992117. Retrieved 17 January 2013.

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