Tammuz | |
---|---|
Month number | 10 |
Number of days | 29 |
Season | summer |
Gregorian equivalent | June-July |
Tammuz (Hebrew: תמוז, Standard Tammuz Tiberian Tammûz) is the tenth month of the civil year and the fourth month of the ecclesiastical year on the Hebrew calendar. It is a summer month of 29 days.
The name of the month was adopted from the Babylonian calendar, in which the month was named after one of the main Babylonian gods, Tammuz (Sumerian: Dumuzid)
Tammuz in Arabic: تموز is the name for the month of July.[1]
17 Tammuz - Seventeenth of Tammuz – (Fast Day)
Among the Chabad-Lubavitch, two major events are celebrated in the first half of the month of Tammuz.
3 Tammuz - Gimmel Tammuz - the yahrtzeit (anniversary of the death) of the seventh Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson.
12 Tammuz and 13 Tammuz - Festival of Redemption - commemorating the days on which the previous Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn was released from imprisonment in the Soviet Union for teaching Judaism.
3 Tammuz - Joshua stops the sun.
4 Tammuz - (1171) - Death of Rabbeinu Tam
4 Tammuz - (1286) - Maharam imprisoned
5 Tammuz - (429 BCE) - Ezekiel's vision of the "Chariot"
6 Tammuz - (1976) - Entebbe Rescue
9 Tammuz - (586 BCE) - Jerusalem Walls breached
15 Tammuz - (1743) - Death of Rabbi Chayim ben Attar (Ohr HaChayim)
17 Tammuz - (586 BCE) - Temple service disrupted
17 Tammuz - (70 CE) - Jerusalem Walls Breached
21 Tammuz - (1636) - Death of Baal Shem of Worms
22 Tammuz - (1792) - Death of Rabbi Shlomo of Karlin
23 Tammuz - (1570) - Death of Rabbi Moshe Cordovero
28 Tammuz - (1841) - Death of Yismach Moshe
29 Tammuz - (1105) - Death of Rashi
"Tammūz" (Arabic: ﺗﻤﻮﺯ) is the name for the month of July in Classical Arabic, Assyrian (ܬܡܘܙ) and Turkish ("Temmuz").
References to the month of Tammuz, its history, and celebratory rites associated with are discussed in Arabic literature.[2] In his translation of an earlier work, Ibn Wahshiyya (c. 9th-10th century AD), enumerates the months of the Babylonian year adding a remark that Tammuz lived in Babylonia before the coming of the Chaldeans and belonged to an ancient Mesopotamian tribe called Ganbân.[2] He adds that contemporaries such as the Sabaeans in Harran and Babylonia still lamented the loss of Tammuz every July, but that the origin of the worship had been lost.[2] Al-Nadim in his 10th century work Kitab al-Fehrest drawing from a work on Syriac calendar feast days, describes a Tâ'ûz festival that took place in the middle of the month of Tammuz.[2] Women bewailed the death of Tammuz at the hands of his master who was said to have "ground his bones in a mill and scattered them to the wind."[2] Consequently, women would forgo the eating of ground foods during the festival time.[2] The same festival is mentioned in the 11th century by Ibn Athir as still taking place at the appointed time on the banks of the Tigris river.[2]
The 2006 Lebanon War is known in Lebanon and much of the Arab world as حرب تموز Ḥarb Tammūz (the July War), following the Arab custom of naming the Arab-Israeli wars by months or years.