Citation Style 1 templates
((Cite arXiv))arXiv preprints
((Cite AV media))audio and visual media
((Cite AV media notes))AV media liner notes
((Cite bioRxiv))bioRxiv preprints
((Cite book))books and chapters
((Cite CiteSeerX))CiteSeerX papers
((Cite conference))conference papers
((cite document))short, stand-alone, offline documents
((Cite encyclopedia))edited collections
((Cite episode))radio or TV episodes
((Cite interview))interviews
((Cite journal))academic journals
((Cite magazine))magazines, periodicals
((Cite mailing list))public mailing lists
((Cite map))maps
((Cite medRxiv))medRxiv preprints
((Cite news))news articles
((Cite newsgroup))online newsgroups
((Cite podcast))podcasts
((Cite press release))press releases
((Cite report))reports
((Cite serial))audio or video serials
((Cite sign))signs, plaques
((Cite speech))speeches
((Cite SSRN))SSRN papers
((Cite tech report))technical reports
((Cite thesis))theses
((Cite web))web sources not covered by the above
See alsoSpecific-source templates
Citation Style 1 wrapper templates

This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for academic and scientific papers published in bona fide journals. For articles in magazines and newsletters, use ((cite magazine)). For academic and scientific papers not published in bona fide journals, please use one of the templates listed on this page in the "Citation Style 1 templates" box. If you have a digital object identifier (DOI) for the journal reference you wish to add, Wikipedia has a citation bot that will read that DOI and expand it into a full reference with the author's name, journal name, date, volume, issue, pages, etc. You can view instructions on how to add this gadget to your Wikipedia preferences at User:Citation bot/use.

Usage

Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as |isbn= have upper-case aliases like |ISBN=, which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, then purge the page.

Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format
To cite a professional or scientific journal
((cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=))
Vancouver system author style for a scientific journal
((cite journal |vauthors= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date=))
or
((cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date= |name-list-style=vanc))
To cite a journal article with no credited author
((cite journal |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=))
To cite an online article that has been archived
((cite journal |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date=))
To cite an article written in a foreign language
((cite journal |last= |first= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |language= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date=))
To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language journal article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription
((cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |format= |language= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |via= |url-access= |access-date= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |quote=))

Full parameter set in horizontal format
((cite journal |last1= |first1= |author-link1= |last2= |first2= |author-link2= |last3= |first3= |author-link3= |last4= |first4= |author-link4= |last5= |first5= |author-link5= |display-authors= |author-mask= |name-list-style= |date= |year= |orig-date= |editor1-last= |editor1-first= |editor1-link= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |editor3-last= |editor3-first= |editor3-link= |editor4-last= |editor4-first= |editor4-link= |editor5-last= |editor5-first= |editor5-link= |display-editors= |others= |title= |script-title= |trans-title= |url= |format= |department= |journal= |type= |series= |language= |edition= |location= |publisher= |publication-place= |publication-date= |volume= |issue= |page= |pages= |at= |no-pp= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |bibcode-access= |biorxiv= |citeseerx= |doi= |doi-access= |doi-broken-date= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |jstor-access= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |ol-access= |osti= |osti-access= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |via= |url-access= |access-date= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |quote= |postscript= |ref=))
Most commonly used parameters in vertical format

To cite a professional or scientific journal

((cite journal
| last1 =
| first1 =
| last2 =
| first2 =
| date =
| title =
| url =
| journal =
| volume =
| issue =
| pages =
| doi =
| access-date =
))

Vancouver system author style for a scientific journal

((cite journal
| vauthors =
| date =
| title =
| url =
| journal =
| volume =
| issue =
| pages =
| doi =
| pmc =
| pmid =
| access-date =
))

or

((cite journal
| last1 =
| first1 =
| last2 =
| first2 =
| date =
| title =
| url =
| journal =
| volume =
| issue =
| pages =
| doi =
| pmc =
| pmid =
| access-date =
| name-list-style = vanc
))

To cite a journal article with no credited author 

((cite journal
	| author = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->
	| date = 
	| title = 
	| url = 
	| journal = 
	| volume = 
	| issue = 
	| pages = 
	| doi = 
	| access-date = 
))

To cite an online article that has been archived

((cite journal
| last =
| first =
| date =
| title =
| url =
| journal =
| volume =
| issue =
| pages =
| doi =
| access-date =
| url-status =
| archive-url =
| archive-date =
))

To cite a journal article written in a foreign language

((cite journal
| last =
| first =
| date =
| title =
| trans-title =
| url =
| language =
| journal =
| volume =
| issue =
| pages =
| doi =
| access-date =
))

To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language journal article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription

((cite journal
| last1 =
| first1 =
| last2 =
| first2 =
| date =
| title =
| trans-title =
| url =
| format =
| language =
| journal =
| volume =
| issue =
| pages =
| doi =
| via =
| url-access =
| access-date =
| url-status =
| archive-url =
| archive-date =
| quote =
))


Full parameter set in vertical format
Vertical list Prerequisites Brief instructions / notes 
((cite journal
| last1                 = 
| first1                = 
| author-link1          = 
| last2                 = 
| first2                = 
| author-link2          = 
| last3                 = 
| first3                = 
| author-link3          = 
| last4                 = 
| first4                = 
| author-link4          = 
| last5                 = 
| first5                = 
| author-link5          = 
| display-authors       = 
| author-mask           = 
| name-list-style       = 
| date                  = 
| year                  = 
| orig-date             = 
| editor1-last          = 
| editor1-first         = 
| editor1-link          = 
| editor2-last          = 
| editor2-first         = 
| editor2-link          = 
| editor3-last          = 
| editor3-first         = 
| editor3-link          = 
| editor4-last          = 
| editor4-first         = 
| editor4-link          = 
| editor5-last          = 
| editor5-first         = 
| editor5-link          = 
| display-editors       = 
| others                = 
| title                 = 
| script-title          = 
| trans-title           = 
| url                   = 
| format                = 
| department            = 
| journal               = 
| type                  = 
| series                = 
| language              = 
| edition               = 
| location              = 
| publisher             = 
| publication-place     = 
| publication-date      = 
| volume                = 
| issue                 = 
| page                  = 
| pages                 = 
| at                    = 
| no-pp                 = 
| arxiv                 = 
| asin                  = 
| bibcode               = 
| biorxiv               = 
| citeseerx             = 
| doi                   = 
| doi-broken-date       = 
| doi-access            = 
| isbn                  = 
| issn                  = 
| jfm                   = 
| jstor                 = 
| jstor-access          = 
| lccn                  = 
| mr                    = 
| oclc                  = 
| ol                    = 
| ol-access             = 
| osti                  = 
| osti-access           = 
| pmc                   = 
| pmid                  = 
| rfc                   = 
| ssrn                  = 
| zbl                   = 
| id                    = 
| via                   = 
| quote                 = 
| postscript            = 
| ref                   = 
| url-access            = 
| access-date           = 
| url-status            = 
| archive-url           = 
| archive-date          = 
))

 
 
 last1
 
 last1
 last2
 
 last2
 last3
 
 last3
 last4
 
 last4
 last5
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 editor1-last
 
 editor1-last
 editor2-last
 
 editor2-last
 editor3-last
 
 editor3-last
 editor4-last
 
 editor4-last
 editor5-last
 
 
 
 
 
 title or script-title
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 doi
 doi
 
 
 
 
 jstor
 
 
 
 
 ol
 
 osti
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 url
 url
 url
 url
 archive-url

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Examples

Journal article

Displays as:

Vancouver style (common in biomedicine); see Citation Style Vancouver for specific templates

Displays as:

or

Displays as:

Include URL link to article, pre-print, or abstract.

Displays as:

If the linked document is PDF, but the extension is not .pdf or .PDF, you may add the parameter |format=PDF, which displays " (PDF)" after the link.

Specify the DOI to provide a permanent link, and a URL where the article is free. For medical articles also give the PMID and PubMed Central (PMC) ID
the PMC value will link the free full-text repository, will link the title if the URL is not specified, and will show an open padlock informing readers that the article is open-access. |access-date= is not necessary when a permanent identifier is used.

Displays as:

Whereas if the URL had not been specified, then the title is linked to the PMC link, which is repeated:

Displays as:

If the doi link is broken, then use of doi-broken-date indicates when the doi-problem was last verified, and will also add the page to "CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of Mmmm YYYY" (tracking category Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive):

Displays as:

If the article is in a foreign language, and the original title is unknown, enclose the translated title in square brackets and use |title=. Otherwise use |title= for the foreign-language title and |trans-title= for the English-language title.

Displays as:

Huang, Y.; Lu, J.; Shen, Y. & Lu, J. (March 1999). "[The protective effects of total flavonoids from Lycium Barbarum L. on lipid peroxidation of liver mitochondria and red blood cell in rats]". Wei Sheng Yan Jiu (in Chinese). 28 (2): 115–116. PMID 11938998.
Example using other identifiers

Displays as:

Parameters

Syntax

Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:

Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.

By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.).

COinS

This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. See Wikipedia:COinS. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:

Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example &nbsp;, &ndash;, or &#160;, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata.

COinS metadata is created for these parameters

Note: This table of metadata is displayed in the documentation of all Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. A full list of this template's supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies is shown in the Usage section near the top of this documentation page.

What's new

What's new or changed recently
Parameter Description Date
N/A

Deprecated

This documentation's representation of the various lay parameters's factual accuracy is disputed. Relevant discussion may be found on Help talk:Citation Style 1/Archive 82. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are reliably sourced. (January 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Deprecated CS1/CS2 parameters
Deprecated parameter Replace with Date
|authors= |lastn= / |firstn=, |authorn=, |vauthors= November 2023
Recently removed CS1/CS2 parameters
Removed parameter Replace with Date Note
|lay-date= (delete) August 2023
|lay-source= (delete)
|lay-url= (delete)
|transcripturl= |transcript-url= August 2023

Description

Authors

Date

"Wikipedia:Undated" redirects here. For undated signatures, see Template:Undated.
Shortened footnotes target full citations using the year specified in this parameter. A lowercase letter may be suffixed to the year to disambiguate ((sfn)) links to multiple works by the same author in the same year,[more] unless the date is formatted as YYYY-MM-DD. In the latter case, year or ref is required to disambiguate the link targets.
For approximate year, precede with "c. ", like this: |date=c. 1900.

For no date, or "undated", use |date=n.d.
The date of a Web page, PDF, etc. with no visible date can sometimes be established by searching the page source or document code for a created or updated date; a comment for editors such as date=2021-12-25<!--date from page source-->|orig-date=Original date 2011-01-01 can be added.
Automatic date formatting: Citation Style 1 and 2 templates, including this template, automatically render dates in all date parameters (such as |date=, |publication-date=, |access-date=, |archive-date=, etc.) except for |orig-date= in the style specified by the article's ((use dmy dates)) or ((use mdy dates)) template. See those templates' documentation for details.
  1. ^ Publication dates in references within an article should all have the same format. This may be a different format from that used for archive and access dates. See MOS:DATEUNIFY.

Editors

Title

(See also Help:Citation Style 1 § Titles and chapters.)

Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.
newline [ ] |
space &#91; &#93; ((!)) (preferred)
((bracket|text)) &#124; or ((pipe)) – see also Help:Table § Rendering the pipe
  • title-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in title – do not use a web address; do not wikilink.
Some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when |url= and |title-link= are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for |title-link= to manually select a specific source (|title-link=pmc or |title-link=doi) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (|title-link=none).

URL

URLs must begin with a supported URI scheme. http:// and https:// will be supported by all browsers; however, ftp://, gopher://, irc://, ircs://, mailto: and news: may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported.

If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be percent-encoded. For example, a space must be replaced by %20. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:

Character space " ' < > [ ] { | }
Encoding %20 %22 %27 %3C %3E %5B %5D %7B %7C %7D

Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.

  1. ^ a b Access-date and archive-date in references should all have the same format – either the format used for publication dates, or YYYY-MM-DD. See MOS:DATEUNIFY.

Periodical

When set, work changes the formatting of other parameters in the same citation:
title is not italicized and is enclosed in quotes.
chapter does not display (and will produce an error message).

Publisher

Edition, series, volume

In-source locations

Identifiers

Not to be confused with § Anchor.

The following identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. |rfc=822 or |pmc=345678.

In very rare cases, identifiers are published which do not follow their defined standard format or use non-conforming checksums. These would typically cause an error message to be shown. Do not alter them to match a different checksum. In order to suppress the error message, some identifiers (|doi=, |eissn=, |isbn=, |issn=, and |sbn=) support a special accept-this-as-written markup which can be applied to disable the error-checking (as |<param>=((<value>))). If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the identifier value instead of overriding the error message.

For some identifiers, it is possible to specify the access status using the corresponding |<param>-access= parameter.

For ((cite journal)), some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when |url= and |title-link= are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for |title-link= to manually select a specific source (|title-link=pmc or |title-link=doi) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (|title-link=none).

It is not necessary to specify a URL to a link identical to a link also produced by an identifier. The |url= parameter (or |title-link=) can then be used for providing a direct deep link to the corresponding document or a convenience link to a resource that would not otherwise be obviously accessible.

Subscription or registration required

Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in Verifiability § Access to sources. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors should signal restrictions on access to material provided via the external links included in a citation. These levels describe requirements or constraints related to accessing and viewing the cited material; they are not intended to indicate the ability to reuse, or the copyright status, of the material, since that status is not relevant to verifying claims in articles.

Four access levels can be used:

As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, each value is attributed to a specific external link.

Access indicators for url-holding parameters
Shortcut

Main page: WP:CONLINK

Online sources linked by |url=, |article-url=, |chapter-url=, |contribution-url=, |entry-url=, |map-url=, and |section-url= are presumed to be free-to-read. When they are not free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these URL-holding parameters are presumed to be free-to-read, they are not marked as free. If the registration/limited/subscription access to the source goes dead and is no longer available, then remove the access-indicator parameter and add |archive-url= and |archive-date= values if possible.

URL-holding and access-indicator parameters
URL Access Allowed keywords
|url= |url-access= registration Free registration required
limited Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required
subscription Paid subscription required
|article-url= |article-url-access=
|chapter-url= |chapter-url-access=
|contribution-url= |contribution-url-access=
|entry-url= |entry-url-access=
|map-url= |map-url-access=
|section-url= |section-url-access=

For example, this cites a web page that requires registration but not subscription: 

((cite web |url=https://example.com/nifty_data.php |url-access=registration |date=2021-04-15 |title=Nifty example data))

which renders as:

"Nifty example data". 2021-04-15.
Access indicator for named identifiers

Links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier – exceptions listed below. When they are free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. When the sources linked by these named-identifier parameters are not presumed to carry a free-to-read full text (for instance because they're just abstracting services), they may not be marked as limited, registration, or subscription.

Named-identifier and access-indicator parameters
Identifier Access Allowed keywords
|bibcode= |bibcode-access= free Freely accessible
|doi= |doi-access=
|hdl= |hdl-access=
|jstor= |jstor-access=
|ol= |ol-access=
|osti= |osti-access=
|ssrn= |ssrn-access=
|s2cid= |s2cid-access=

Some named-identifiers are always free-to-read. For those named identifiers there are no access-indicator parameters; the access level is automatically indicated by the template. These named identifiers are:

For embargoed pmc that will become available in the future, see pmc-embargo-date.

Quote

Anchor

Not to be confused with § Identifiers.

Display options

Notes

Although it may appear redundant to include multiple ids for articles, it is helpful for many editors who only have access to a certain resource. If only one ID is to be included, the DOI should be used, as this is the universal standard preferred by professional publications. Specifying a link as a DOI, PMID, etc. is always preferable to including it as a URL parameter, as it makes it clear that the link is accurate and stable, but not necessarily openly accessible. |access-date= is not necessary when a permanent identifier is used.

TemplateData

This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. See a monthly parameter usage report for Template:Cite journal in articles based on its TemplateData.

TemplateData for Cite journal

This template formats a citation to an article in a magazine or journal, using the provided source information (e.g. journal name, author, title, issue, URL) and various formatting options.

Template parameters

This template has custom formatting.

ParameterDescriptionTypeStatus
Last namelast author author1 last1

The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

Linesuggested
First namefirst first1

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

Linesuggested
Author linkauthor-link author-link1 author1-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors

Page nameoptional
Last name 2last2 author2

The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2'

Lineoptional
First name 2first2

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 2author-link2 author2-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author

Page nameoptional
Last name 3last3 author3

The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3'

Lineoptional
First name 3first3

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 3author-link3 author3-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author

Page nameoptional
Last name 4last4 author4

The surname of the forth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4'

Lineoptional
First name 4first4

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the forth author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 4author-link4 author4-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the forth author

Page nameoptional
Last name 5last5 author5

The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5'

Lineoptional
First name 5first5

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 5author-link5 author5-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author

Page nameoptional
Last name 6last6 author6

The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6'

Lineoptional
First name 6first6

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 6author-link6 author6-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author

Page nameoptional
Last name 7last7 author7

The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7'

Lineoptional
First name 7first7

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 7author-link7 author7-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author

Page nameoptional
Last name 8last8 author8

The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8'

Lineoptional
First name 8first8

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 8author-link8 author8-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author

Page nameoptional
Last name 9last9 author9

The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9'.

Lineoptional
First name 9first9

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 9author-link9 author9-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author

Page nameoptional
Last name 10last10 author10

The surname of the tenth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link10'.

Lineoptional
First name 10first10

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the tenth author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 10author-link10 author10-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the tenth author

Page nameoptional
Last name 11last11 author11

The surname of the 11th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link11'.

Lineoptional
First name 11first11

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 11th author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 11author-link11 author11-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 11th author

Page nameoptional
Last name 12last12 author12

The surname of the 12th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link12'.

Lineoptional
First name 12first12

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 12th author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 12author-link12 author12-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 12th author

Page nameoptional
Last name 13last13 author13

The surname of the 13th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link13'.

Lineoptional
First name 13first13

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 13th author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 13author-link13 author13-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 13th author

Page nameoptional
Last name 14last14 author14

The surname of the 14th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link14'.

Lineoptional
First name 14first14

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 14th author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 14author-link14 author14-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 14th author

Page nameoptional
Last name 15last15 author15

The surname of the 15th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link15'.

Lineoptional
First name 15first15

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 15th author; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Author link 15author-link15 author15-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 15th author

Page nameoptional
Display authorsdisplay-authors

number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used;

Numberoptional
Author maskauthor-mask

Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead

Stringoptional
Name list stylename-list-style

Set to 'amp' or 'and' to change the separator between the last two on the name list to '&' or 'and', respectively. Set to 'vanc' to display name lists in Vancouver style.

Stringoptional
Vancouver style authorsvauthors

comma-separated list of author names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses

Lineoptional
Source datedate

Date of the source; do not wikilink. As listed in the publication

Datesuggested
Year of publicationyear

Year of the source being referenced; recommended only when date parameter format is YYYY-MM-DD and a CITEREF disambiguator is needed

Numberoptional
Original dateorig-date

Original date of publication; provide specifics

Numberoptional
Editor last nameeditor-last editor1-last

The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-last', 'editor'

Lineoptional
Editor first nameeditor-first editor1-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'

Lineoptional
Editor linkeditor-link

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-link'

Page nameoptional
Editor last name 2editor2-last editor2

The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'

Lineoptional
Editor first name 2editor2-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Editor link 2editor2-link editor-link2

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor

Page nameoptional
Editor last name 3editor3-last editor3

The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'

Lineoptional
Editor first name 3editor3-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Editor link 3editor3-link editor-link3

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor

Page nameoptional
Editor last name 4editor4-last editor4

The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'

Lineoptional
Editor first name 4editor4-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Editor link 4editor4-link editor-link4

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor

Page nameoptional
Editor last name 5editor5-last editor5

The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'

Lineoptional
Editor first name 5editor5-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Editor link 5editor5-link editor-link5

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor

Page nameoptional
Editor last name 6editor6-last editor6

The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'

Lineoptional
Editor first name 6editor6-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Editor link 6editor6-link editor-link6

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor

Page nameoptional
Editor last name 7editor7-last editor7

The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'

Lineoptional
Editor first name 7editor7-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Editor link 7editor7-link editor-link7

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor

Page nameoptional
Editor last name 8editor8-last editor8

The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'

Lineoptional
Editor first name 8editor8-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Editor link 8editor8-link editor-link8

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor

Page nameoptional
Editor last name 9editor9-last editor9

The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'

Lineoptional
Editor first name 9editor9-first

Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink

Lineoptional
Editor link 9editor9-link editor-link9

Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor

Page nameoptional
Othersothers

Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'

Contentoptional
Titletitle

The title of the article; can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes.

Contentrequired
Script titlescript-title

For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:...

Lineoptional
Translated titletrans-title

An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended

Contentoptional
URLurl URL

The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the protocol-relative scheme "//..."

Example
https://www.nytimes.com/...
Linesuggested
URL statusurl-status

If set to 'live', the title displays with the URL linked; if set to 'dead', the title displays with the archive URL linked

Lineoptional
Formatformat

Format of the work referred to by 'url' ('url' is required when using 'format'); examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML

Contentoptional
Departmentdepartment

Department (section) within the periodical

Stringoptional
Journaljournal

Name of the source journal; may be wikilinked; displays in italics; alias of 'work'

Example
[[American Journal of Sociology]]
Contentrequired
Chapterchapter

The chapter heading of the source

Stringoptional
Typetype

Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case

Contentoptional
Seriesseries version

Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal; alias of 'version'

Contentoptional
Languagelanguage

The language in which the source is written, if not English; use a two-letter language code or the full language name. Do not use icons or templates

Contentoptional
Editionedition

When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed with ' ed.'

Lineoptional
Location of publicationlocation

Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'

Stringoptional
Publisherpublisher

Name of the publisher; may be wikilinked; displays after title

Example
[[University of Chicago Press]]
Contentoptional
Place of publicationpublication-place

Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'

Contentoptional
Publication datepublication-date

Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink

Dateoptional
Volumevolume

For one publication published in several volumes, usually a number. Do not prepend with v. or vol.

Example
3
Linesuggested
Issueissue

Issue identifier when the source is part of a series that is published periodically, usually a number. Do not prepend with no.

Example
4
Linesuggested
Pagepage

Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'

Lineoptional
Pagespages

Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.')

Linesuggested
Atat

May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient

Lineoptional
No ppno-pp

Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')

Lineoptional
arXiv identifierarxiv

An identifier for arXiv electronic preprints of scientific papers

Lineoptional
ASINasin

Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters

Lineoptional
ASIN TLDasin-tld

ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US

Lineoptional
Bibcodebibcode

Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters

Lineoptional
biorXivbiorxiv

biorXiv identifier; full doi

Lineoptional
CiteSeerXciteseerx

CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter

Lineoptional
DOIdoi

Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'

Stringoptional
DOI broken datedoi-broken-date

The date that the DOI was determined to be broken

Dateoptional
ISBNisbn

International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible

Lineoptional
ISSNissn

International Standard Serial Number (print); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen

Lineoptional
eISSNeissn

International Standard Serial Number (online); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen

Lineoptional
jfm codejfm

Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code

Lineoptional
JSTORjstor

JSTOR identifier

Lineoptional
LCCNlccn

Library of Congress Control Number

Lineoptional
MRmr

Mathematical Reviews identifier

Lineoptional
OCLCoclc

Online Computer Library Center number

Numberoptional
OLol

Open Library identifier

Lineoptional
OSTIosti

Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier

Lineoptional
PMCpmc

PubMed Center article number

Numberoptional
PMIDpmid

PubMed Unique Identifier

Lineoptional
RFCrfc

Request for Comments number

Numberoptional
Semantic Scholar Corpus IDs2cid S2CID

The corpus ID from the paper's Semantic Scholar page, if available. Displays as a link to the Semantic Scholar page.

Example
255254796
Unknownoptional
SSRNssrn

Social Science Research Network

Lineoptional
Zblzbl

Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier

Lineoptional
idid

A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable

Lineoptional
URL access levelurl-access

Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited')

Stringoptional
Archive URLarchive-url

The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archive-date'

Lineoptional
Archive datearchive-date

Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink

Dateoptional
URL access dateaccess-date

The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink

Dateoptional
Quotequote

Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; must include terminating punctuation

Contentoptional
Postscriptpostscript

The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none'

Default
.
Lineoptional
Refref

An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set |ref=none.

Lineoptional
Content deliverer (i.e. Database)via

Provider of the article (not the publisher), usually an aggregator of journal articles or a repository

Example
JSTOR, Project MUSE, Elsevier Science Direct
Stringsuggested
Bibcode access levelbibcode-access

If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'

Stringoptional
DOI access leveldoi-access

If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'

Stringoptional
HDL access levelhdl-access

If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'

Stringoptional
JSTOR access leveljstor-access

If the full text is free to read on JSTOR, type 'free'

Stringoptional
OpenLibrary access levelol-access

If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'

Stringoptional
OSTI access levelosti-access

If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'

Stringoptional

See also

This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.


Category