.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important))You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Japanese. (August 2019) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Japanese article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 3,700 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Japanese Wikipedia article at [[:ja:台与]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template ((Translated|ja|台与)) to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.
Iyo
Queen of Yamataikoku
Reignc. 248 CE – Unknown
PredecessorHimiko
Born235 CE
Yamatai, Japan
DiedUnknown

Toyo (臺與/台与), also known as Iyo (壹與/壱与), (235–?) was a queen regnant of Yamatai-koku in Japan. She was, according to the "Records of Wei" and other traditional sources, the successor of Queen Himiko.[1][2]

Reign

Iyo is not cited in many historical records, and her origin is unknown. Records claim that Iyo was a close relative of Himiko, and she acquired great political power at a very young age.[3] Information obtained from Chinese sources and from archeological and ethnological discoveries has led Japanese scholars to conclude that Iyo was Himiko's niece. Himiko and Iyo were female shamans and that sovereignty had both a political and a religious character.

After Himiko's death, a man took power in Yamatai as ruler. However, warfare soon engulfed the polity. The ruling council met and decided to put another woman on the throne. The one chosen was Iyo, a girl only 13 years old, who succeeded in reinstating peace in her government by following the same political line adopted by Queen Himiko.[4][5]

The Records of Wei describes Himiko's death and Iyo's rise in the following terms:

When Himiko passed away, a great mound was raised, more than a hundred paces in diameter. Over a hundred male and female attendants followed her to the grave. Then a king was placed on the throne, but the people would not obey him. Assassination and murder followed; more than one thousand were thus slain. A relative of Himiko named Iyo [壹與], a girl of thirteen, was [then] made queen and order was restored. (Zhang) Zheng (張政) (an ambassador from Wei), issued a proclamation to the effect that Iyo was the ruler. (tr. Tsunoda 1951:16)

Iyo continued, or restored, tributary relations between Wa and Wei; Wei officials were included among her advisors, and she sent an embassy of twenty individuals, led by her grand steward Isako, to accompany some of these Chinese officials back to China.

In popular culture

References

  1. ^ Yoshie, Akiko; Tonomura, Hitomi; Takata, Azumi Ann «Gendered Interpretations of Female Rule: The Case of Himiko, Ruler of Yamatai». US-Japan Women's Journal, 44, 1, 2013, pàg. 13. DOI: 10.1353/jwj.2013.0009.
  2. ^ "CHAPTER 12. Makimuku and the Location of Yamatai", Himiko and Japan's Elusive Chiefdom of Yamatai, University of Hawaii Press, pp. 239–282, 2017-12-31, ISBN 978-0-8248-6284-8, retrieved 2024-01-19
  3. ^ Ryūichi, Nagao (2016), "Der Staat Japan in historischer Perspektive", Staatsverständnis in Japan, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, pp. 13–46, retrieved 2024-01-19
  4. ^ Kitagawa, Joseph M. (February 1974). "The Japanese "Kokutai" (National Community) History and Myth". History of Religions. 13 (3): 209–226. doi:10.1086/462702. ISSN 0018-2710.
  5. ^ "CHAPTER 12. Makimuku and the Location of Yamatai", Himiko and Japan's Elusive Chiefdom of Yamatai, University of Hawaii Press, pp. 239–282, 2017-12-31, ISBN 978-0-8248-6284-8, retrieved 2024-01-19
Categories