The Transporter Classification Database (or TCDB) is an International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB)-approved classification system for membrane transport proteins, including ion channels.[1][2][3]

Classification

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The upper level of classification and a few examples of proteins with known 3D structure:

1. Channels and pores

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1.A α-type channels

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1.B. β-Barrel porins and other outer membrane proteins

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1.C Pore-forming toxins (proteins and peptides)

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1.D Non-ribosomally synthesized channels

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1.E Holins

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1.F Vesicle fusion pores

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1.G Viral fusion pores

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1.H Paracellular channels

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1.I Membrane-bound channels

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2. Electrochemical potential-driven transporters

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2.A Porters (uniporters, symporters, antiporters)

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2.B Nonribosomally synthesized porters

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2.C Ion-gradient-driven energizers

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3. Primary active transporters

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3.A. P-P-bond hydrolysis-driven transporters

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3.B Decarboxylation-driven transporters

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3.C Methyltransfer-driven transporters

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3.D. Oxidoreduction-driven transporters

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They include a number of transmembrane cytochrome b-like proteins including coenzyme Q - cytochrome c reductase (cytochrome bc1 ); cytochrome b6f complex; formate dehydrogenase, respiratory nitrate reductase; succinate - coenzyme Q reductase (fumarate reductase); and succinate dehydrogenase. See electron transport chain.

3.E. Light absorption-driven transporters

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4. Group translocators

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4.A Phosphotransfer-driven group translocators

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4.B Nicotinamide ribonucleoside uptake transporters

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4.C Acyl CoA ligase-coupled transporters

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4.D Polysaccharide Synthase/Exporters

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4.E. Vacuolar Polyphosphate Polymerase-catalyzed Group Translocators

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5. Transport electron carriers

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5.A Transmembrane 2-electron transfer carriers

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5.B Transmembrane 1-electron transfer carriers

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8. Accessory factors involved in transport

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8.A Auxiliary transport proteins

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8.B Ribosomally synthesized protein/peptide toxins that target channels and carriers

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8.C Non-ribosomally synthesized toxins that target channels and carriers

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9. Incompletely characterized transport systems

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9.A Recognized transporters of unknown biochemical mechanism

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9.B Putative transport proteins

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9.C Functionally characterized transporters lacking identified sequences

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References

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  1. ^ Saier, Milton H.; Reddy, Vamsee S.; Tamang, Dorjee G.; Västermark, Åke (January 2014). "The Transporter Classification Database". Nucleic Acids Research. 42 (D1): D251–D258. doi:10.1093/nar/gkt1097. PMC 3964967. PMID 24225317.
  2. ^ Saier, M. H.; Yen, M. R.; Noto, K.; Tamang, D. G.; Elkan, C. (1 January 2009). "The Transporter Classification Database: recent advances". Nucleic Acids Research. 37 (Database): D274–D278. doi:10.1093/nar/gkn862. PMC 2686586. PMID 19022853.
  3. ^ Saier, M. H.; Tran, C. V.; Barabote, R. D. (1 January 2006). "TCDB: the Transporter Classification Database for membrane transport protein analyses and information". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (90001): D181–D186. doi:10.1093/nar/gkj001. PMC 1334385. PMID 16381841.
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