William Cunningham | |
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Born | Edinburgh, Scotland | 29 December 1849
Died | 10 June 1919 Cambridge, England | (aged 69)
Known for | Establishment of economic history in Britain |
Spouse |
Adèle Rebecca Dunlop
(m. 1876) |
Ecclesiastical career | |
Religion | Christianity (Anglican) |
Church | Church of England[2] |
Ordained | |
Offices held | Archdeacon of Ely (1907–1919) |
Academic background | |
Alma mater | |
Thesis | The Influence of Descartes on Metaphysical Speculation in England (1876) |
Influences | F. D. Maurice[4] |
Academic work | |
Discipline | |
Sub-discipline | Economic history |
School or tradition | English historical school of economics |
Institutions | |
Notable students | Ellen McArthur[5] |
Notable works | The Growth of English Industry and Commerce (1882) |
Influenced |
William Cunningham FBA (29 December 1849 – 10 June 1919) was a Scottish economic historian and Anglican priest. He was a proponent of the historical method in economics and an opponent of free trade.
Cunningham was born in Edinburgh, Scotland,[8] the third son of James Cunningham, Writer to the Signet. Educated at the Edinburgh Institution (taught by Robert McNair Ferguson, amongst others),[9] the Edinburgh Academy, the University of Edinburgh, and Trinity College, Cambridge, he graduated BA in 1873, having gained first-class honours in the Moral Science tripos.[3][10]
Cunningham took holy orders in 1873, later serving as chaplain of Trinity College, Cambridge, from 1880 to 1891.[11] He was university lecturer in history from 1884 to 1891, in which year he was appointed Tooke Professor of Economy and Statistics at King's College, London, a post which he held until 1897.[12] He was lecturer in economic history at Harvard University (c. 1899), and Hulsean Lecturer at Cambridge (1885).[13] He became vicar of Great St Mary's, Cambridge, in 1887, and was a founding fellow of the British Academy.[2] In 1907 he was appointed Archdeacon of Ely.[14][15]
Cunningham's Growth of English Industry and Commerce During the Early and Middle Ages (1890; 4th ed., 1905) and Growth of English Industry and Commerce in Modern Times (1882; 3rd ed., 1903) were at the time among the standard works of reference on the industrial history of England.[16]
Cunningham's eminence as an economic historian gave special importance to his support of Joseph Chamberlain from 1903 onwards in criticizing the English free-trade policies and advocating tariff reform.
He was a critic of the nascent neoclassical economics, particularly as propounded by his colleague, Alfred Marshall, and the Cambridge school.
Cunningham has been described as "a champion of women's education in Cambridge."[17] He taught the British historian Annie Abram.
alien immigrants to england.; Routledge (1997) ISBN 0-7146-1295-2