Perang Lempongan utawi Perang Lempongan Pèrsi (2 Agustus 1990 – 28 Fèbruari 1991)[1][2] inggih punika konflik antawis Iraq lan Pasukan koalisi saking 35 nagari[3] ingkang dipunidinaken déning PBB (UN) lan dipunpimpin mliginipun déning Amérikah Sarékat kanggé mbébasaken Kuwait.
Perang tuwuh amargi invasi Irak dhateng Kuwait wonten ing tanggal 2 Agustus, 1990. Agresi Irak punika lajeng dipunbales kanthi sanksi ékonomi déning PBB dhumateng Irak. Intervensi nganggé gaman saking internasional dipunwiwiti ing wulan January 1991 lan ngasilaken kamenangan kanggé wadyabala koalisi, ingkang nggiring wadyabala Irak medal saking Kuwait kanthi kurban ingkang sakedhik. Pertempuran udara lan dharat dumados wonten ing palagan Irak, Kuwait, lan tlatah tapel wates Saudi Arabia. Irak ugi ngluncuraken peluru kendhali missiles dhumateng sasaran-sasaran ing Saudi Arabia lan Israèl. Amargi Perang Iran-Irak ing taun 1980-88 sampun kadhung dipunwastani "Perang Lempongan " utawi "Perang Lempongan Pèrsi" déning sumber-sumber berita, pramila perang taun 1991 punika lajeng dipunwastani ''Perang Lempongan II'', utawi langkung umum kasebat Perang Lempongan kémawon, déné perang ingkang kadadosan taun 1980 dipunwastani Perang Lempongan Kapisan.[4] Operation Desert Storm was the U.S. name of the air and land operations and is often used to refer to the conflict.
Nem dinten sasampunipun invasi Irak ing Kuwait wonten ing 2 Agustus, 1990, Amérika Sarikat miwiti nggelar pasukanipun wujud wadyabala dharat, Angkatan Seganten Marinir, Angkatan Udara lan Penjaga Pasisir dhateng Saudi Arabia(Operation Desert Shield), sauntawis nyuwun kanthi sanget supados nagari sanès inggih purun ngintun pasukanipun. Operasi Badai Ara-ara dipunwiwiti kaping 17 Januari, 1991, kanthi kalih welas nagari sampun ngintun Angkatan Seganten, nggabung kaliyan pasuka Saudi Arabia, nagari Lempongan sanèsipun. lan wadyabala Angkatan Seganten Amérika Sarikat, ingkang nggelar enem armada kapal indhuk; wolung nagari sampun ngintun wadyabala dharat, nggabung kaliyan wadyabala saking Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, lan Uni Emirat Arab, ugi pitulas brigade awrat lan enem brigade alit saking Angkatan Dharat Amérika Sarikat. Army lan sangang resimen Marinir, kanthi sadaya pendhukungipun,; lan sekawan nagari sampun ngintun montor mabur tempur, nggabung kaliyan Angkatan Udara Kuwait, Qatar, lan Saudi Arabia, lan ugi Angkatan Udara Amérika Sarikat, penerbangan Angkatan Seganten lan Marinir Amérika Sarikat kanthi total 2,430 montor mabur sayap tetap utawi fixed-wing aircraft.
Saking péhak Irak, dipungelar sawatawis kapal gunboat lan montor mabur kanthi peluru kendhali alit kanggé ngadhepi armada koalisi; nanging suwalikipun, kinten-kinten 1.2 yuta wadyabala dharat kanthi kirang langkung 5,800 tank, 5,100 kendharaan lapis waja sanèsipun, lan 3,850 artileri kanggé nedahaken kakuatan dharat ingkang pinunjul.. Kanthi 750 montor mabur penenmpur lan pembom, 200 montor mabur sanèsipun, lan ngadelaken pertahanan peluru kendhali lan mriem, kakuatan udara Irak ugi cekap mbebayani. Nanging bab kualitas prajurit lan peralatan wadyabala Irak pancèn akgolong kirang saé.
List of Coalition forces by number of troops | ||
---|---|---|
Country | Number of Troops | Comments / Major Events |
United States | 575,000-697,000 | Operation Desert Shield Battle of Khafji Battle of 73 Easting Battle of Al Busayyah Battle of Phase Line Bullet Battle of Medina Ridge Battle of Wadi Al-Batin Battle of Norfolk Operation Desert Storm. |
Saudi Arabia | 52,000-100,000 | Operation Desert Shield Battle of Khafji Operation Desert Storm |
United Kingdom | 43,000-45,400 | Operation Desert Shield Operation Granby Operation Desert Storm |
Egypt | 33,600-35,000 | Operation Desert Storm |
France | 14,600 | Opération Daguet |
Syria | 14,500 | Operation Desert Storm |
Morocco | 13,000 | |
Kuwait | 9,900 | Operation Desert Storm |
Oman | 6,300 | Operation Desert Storm |
Pakistan | 4,900-5,500 | |
United Arab Emirates | 4,300 | Operation Desert Storm |
Qatar | 2,600 | Battle of Khafji |
Bangladesh | 2,200 | |
Canada | 2,000 | Operation FRICTION |
Italy | 1,200 | |
Australia | 700 | Operation Habitat |
Netherlands | 600 | |
Niger | 600 | |
Spain | 500 | |
Senegal | 500 | |
Belgium | 400 | |
Bahrain | 400 | |
Argentina | 300 | |
Afghanistan | 300 | |
Greece | 200 | |
South Koréa | 200 | |
Poland | 200 | Operation Simoom |
Dhènemarken | 100 | |
Hungary | 50 | |
Norway | 50 |
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