Bayard Rustin

Biografia
Naixement	17 març 1912 West Chester (Pennsilvània)
Mort	24 agost 1987 (75 anys) Manhattan (Nova York)
Causa de mort	Causes naturals  (Apendicitis )
Dades personals
Grup ètnic	Afroamericà
Ideologia política	Neoconservadorisme, socialisme i socialdemocràcia
Formació	Universitat de Wilberforce West Chester Henderson High School
Activitat
Ocupació	sindicalista, activista pels drets LGBT, activista polític, polític, activista pels drets civils, equip de campanya política
Partit	Partit Socialista d'Amèrica Partit Demòcrata dels Estats Units
Membre de	Fellowship of Reconciliation (en) League for Non-Violent Civil Disobedience against Military Segregation (en) Socialdemòcrates (EUA) Coalition for a Democratic Majority (en) Congress of Racial Equality American Friends Service Committee Lliga dels Resistents de la Guerra League for Industrial Democracy (en)
Influències	Asa Philip Randolph, Mohandas Gandhi i Abraham Johannes Muste
Participà en
1954	moviment afroamericà pels drets civils
Obra
Localització dels arxius	Col·leció de Pau del Swarthmore College
Premis (2015)  VH1 Trailblazer Honors (20 novembre 2013)  Medalla Presidencial de la Llibertat (2013)  Labor Hall of Honor (1965)  Premi per la Pau de la Lliga dels Resistents de la Guerra

Bayard Rustin (West Chester, 17 de març de 1912 - Nova York, 24 d'agost de 1987) va ser un activista afroamericà pels drets civils, el socialisme, la noviolència i els drets del col·lectiu gai.^[1]

El 1941, Rustin va participar amb Asa Philip Randolph al Moviment de la Marxa sobre Washington per a posar fi a la discriminació racial. Més endavant, va col·laborar amb els Freedom Riders i va ajudar a enfortir el lideratge de Martin Luther King.^[2] Rustin va treballar al costat d'Ella Baker i Stanley Levison del Congrés Jueu Americà i, abans del boicot dels autobusos de Montgomery, van organitzar un grup anomenat In Friendship que oferia assistència material i legal a aquells que van ser desallotjats de les seves granges i llars als comtats de Clarendon i Yazoo.^[3]

Rustin també va promoure la sindicalització dels afroamericans. Durant les dècades del 1970 i 1980, va col·laborar en missions humanitàries d'ajuda als refugiats de Vietnam i Cambodja. En el moment de la seva mort, el 1987, estava en una missió humanitària a Haití. El 20 de novembre de 2013, el president Barack Obama li va concedir pòstumament la Medalla Presidencial de la Llibertat.^[4]

Obra publicada

• Interracial primer, New York: Fellowship of Reconciliation, 1943
• Interracial workshop: progress report, New York: Sponsored by Congress of Racial Equality and Fellowship of Reconciliation, 1947
• Journey of reconciliation: report, New York: Fellowship of Reconciliation, Congress of Racial Equality, 1947
• We challenged Jim Crow! a report on the journey of reconciliation, April 9–23, 1947, New York: Fellowship of Reconciliation, Congress of Racial Equality, 1947
• "In apprehension how like a god!", Philadelphia: Young Friends Movement 1948
• The revolution in the South", Cambridge, Massachusetts. Peace Education Section, American Friends Service Committee, 1950s
• Report on Montgomery, Alabama New York: War Resisters League, 1956
• A report and action suggestions on non-violence in the South New York: War Resisters League, 1957
• Civil rights: the true frontier, New York: Donald Press, 1963
• From protest to politics: the future of the civil rights movement, New York: League for Industrial Democracy, 1965
• The city in crisis, (introduction) New York: A. Philip Randolph Educational Fund, 1965
• "Black power" and coalition politics, New York, American Jewish Committee 1966
• Which way? (amb Daniel Patrick Moynihan), New York: American Press, 1966
• The Watts "Manifesto" & the McCone report., New York, League for Industrial Democracy 1966
• Fear, frustration, backlash: the new crisis in civil rights, New York, Jewish Labor Committee 1966
• The lessons of the long hot summer, New York, American Jewish Committee 1967
• The Negro community: frustration politics, sociology and economics Detroit: UAW Citizenship-Legislative Department, 1967
• A way out of the exploding ghetto, New York: League for Industrial Democracy, 1967
• The alienated: the young rebels today and why they're different, Washington, D.C.: International Labor Press Association, 1967
• "Right to work" laws: a trap for America's minorities. New York: A. Philip Randolph Institute 1967
• Civil rights: the movement re-examined (contributor), New York: A. Philip Randolph Educational Fund, 1967
• Separatism or integration, which way for America?: a dialogue (with Robert Browne), New York, A. Philip Randolph Educational Fund, 1968
• The Report of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, an analysis, New York, American Jewish Committee 1968
• The labor-Negro coalition, a new beginning, Washington? D.C.: American Federationist?, 1968
• The anatomy of frustration, New York: Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith, 1968
• Morals concerning minorities, mental health and identity, New York: A. Philip Randolph Institute, 1969
• Black studies: myths & realities, (contributor) New York: A. Philip Randolph Educational Fund, 1969
• Conflict or coalition?: the civil rights struggle and the trade union movement today, New York: A. Philip Randolph Institute, 1969
• Three essays, New York: A. Philip Randolph Institute, 1969
• Black rage, White fear: the full employment answer: an address, Washington, D.C.: Bricklayers, Masons & Plasterers International Union 1970
• A word to black students, New York: A. Philip Randolph Institute, 1970
• The failure of black separatism, New York: A. Philip Randolph Institute, 1970
• The blacks and the unions (contributor), New York: A. Philip Randolph Educational Fund, 1971
• Down the line; the collected writings of Bayard Rustin, Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1971
• Affirmative action in an economy of scarcity (with Norman Hill), New York: A. Philip Randolph Institute, 1974
• Seniority and racial progress (amb Norman Hill), New York: A. Philip Randolph Institute, 1975
• Have we reached the end of the second reconstruction?, Bloomington, Indiana: The Poynter Center, 1976
• Strategies for freedom: the changing patterns of Black protest, Nova York: Columbia University Press 1976
• Africa, Soviet imperialism and the retreat of American power, New York: Social Democrats, USA (reprint), 1978
• South Africa: is peaceful change possible? a report (contributor), New York: New York Friends Group, 1984
• Time on two crosses: the collected writings of Bayard Rustin, San Francisco: Cleis Press, 2003
• I Must Resist: Bayard Rustin's Life in Letters: City Lights, 2012

Referències

Bibliografia

• Anderson, Jervis. Bayard Rustin: Troubles I've Seen (Nova York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1997).
• Bennett, Scott H. Radical Pacifism: The War Resisters League and Gandhian Nonviolence in America, 1915–1963 (Syracuse Univ. Premsa, 2003) ISBN 0-8156-3028-X
• Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954–63 (Nova York: Touchstone, 1989).
• Carbado, Devon W. i Donald Weise, editors. Time on Two Crosses: The Collected Writings of Bayard Rustin (San Francisco: Cleis Press, 2003) ISBN 1-57344-174-0
• D'Emilio, Joan. Lost Prophet: Bayard Rustin and the Quest for Peace and Justice in America (Nova York: The Free Press, 2003).
• D'Emilio, Joan. Lost Prophet: The Life and Times of Bayard Rustin (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2004) ISBN 0-226-14269-8
• Frazier, Nishani (2017). Harambee City: Congrés d'Igualtat Racial a Cleveland i l'ascens del populisme del poder negre. Premsa de la Universitat d'Arkansas ISBN 1682260186
• Haskins, James. Bayard Rustin: darrere de les escenes del moviment pels drets civils (Nova York: Hyperion, 1997).
• Hirschfelder, Nicole. L'opressió com a procés: el cas de Bayard Rustin (Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, 2014) ISBN 3825363902
• Kates, Nancy i Bennett Singer (dirs.) Brother Outsider: La vida de Bayard Rustin (2003)
• King, Martin Luther Jr.; Carson, Clayborne; Luker, Ralph i Penny A. Russell The Papers of Martin Luther King, Jr.: Volume IV: Symbol of the Movement, gener de 1957 – desembre 1958. University of California Press, 2000 ISBN 0-520-22231-8
• Le Blanc, Paul i Michael Yates, A Freedom Budget for All Americans: Recapturing the Promise of the Civil Rights Movement in the Struggle for Economic Justice Today (Nova York: Monthly Review Press, 2013).
• Podair, Jerald E. "Bayard Rustin: American Dreamer" (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Pub., 2009) ISBN 978-0-7425-4513-7
• Lewis, David L. King: una biografia . (Premsa de la Universitat d'Illinois, 1978) ISBN 0-252-00680-1
• Rustin, Bayard. Down the Line: The Collected Writings of Bayard Rustin (Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1971).