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((Short description|Track and field event))
((Multiple issues|((More citations needed|date=August 2021))
((One source|date=August 2021))
((Primary sources|date=August 2021))))
((EngvarB|date=August 2016))
((Infobox Olympic athletics event
|event= 100 metres
| image= Usain Bolt winning-cropped.jpg
| image_size = 250
|caption= The [[2008 Summer Olympics|2008 Olympic]] men's 100 metre final
|gender= Men and women
|firstyearmen=1896
|lastyearmen=2020
|firstyearwomen=1928
|lastyearwomen=2020

|Olympic Record men= 9.63 ((flagIOCathlete|[[Usain Bolt]]|JAM)) (2012)
|Olympic Record women= 10.61 ((flagIOCathlete|[[Elaine Thompson-Herah]]|JAM)) (2021)
|reigningman=((flagIOCathlete|[[Marcell Jacobs]]|ITA))
|reigningwoman=((flagIOCathlete|[[Elaine Thompson-Herah]]|JAM))
))
The '''[[100 metres]] at the [[Summer Olympics]]''' has been contested since the first edition of the [[multi-sport event]]. The men's 100 metres has been present on the [[Athletics at the Summer Olympics|Olympic athletics programme]] since [[1896 Summer Olympics|1896]]. The 100 metres is considered one of the [[blue ribbon]] events of the Olympics and is among the highest profile competitions at the games. It is the most prestigious 100 metres race at an elite level and is the shortest [[sprint (running)|sprint]]ing competition at the Olympics – a position it has held at every edition except for a brief period between 1900 and 1904, when a men's [[60 metres]] was contested.<ref>((Cite web|title=Athletics Men's 60 metres Medalists|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/sports/ATH/mens-60-metres.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417040706/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/sports/ATH/mens-60-metres.html|archive-date=17 April 2020|access-date=26 January 2014|website=SR/Olympic Sports|publisher=Sports Reference.))</ref>

The first Olympic champions were [[Thomas Burke (athlete)|Thomas Burke]] in the men's category and, 32 years later, [[Betty Robinson]] in the women's category. The [[List of Olympic records in athletics|Olympic records]] for the event are 9.63 seconds, set by [[Usain Bolt]] in 2012, and 10.61 seconds, set by [[Elaine Thompson-Herah]] in 2021.<ref>((cite news|last1=Hayward|first1= Paul|date=2012-08-06|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/athletics/9454728/Usain-Bolt-wins-mens-100m-Olympic-final-in-9.58-seconds-to-seal-legacy.html|title= Usain Bolt wins men's 100m Olympic final in 9.58 seconds to seal legacy|newspaper= [[The Daily Telegraph]]|access-date= 2014-01-26))</ref><ref>((Cite web|last=Rosenbaum|first=Mike|title=Women's Olympic Records|url=http://trackandfield.about.com/od/summerolympicgames/tp/Women-S-Olympic-Records.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111174110/http://trackandfield.about.com/od/summerolympicgames/tp/Women-S-Olympic-Records.htm|archive-date=11 November 2012|access-date=26 January 2014|website=About.com Track & Field))</ref><ref>((Cite web|title=Olympic Games Records|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/records/by-category/olympic-games-records|url-status=live|access-date=26 January 2014|website=World Athletics|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204175759/https://www.worldathletics.org/records/by-category/olympic-games-records |archive-date=4 December 2019 ))</ref> The [[List of world records in athletics|world record]]s for the event have been equalled or broken during the Olympics on seven occasions in the men's category and on twelve occasions in the women's.((Citation needed|date=August 2021))

Among the competing nations, the United States has had the most success in this event, having won sixteen golds in the men's race and nine in the women's race. [[Usain Bolt]] of Jamaica has won three consecutive titles (2008–16). Five other athletes have won back-to-back titles: [[Wyomia Tyus]] (1964–68), [[Carl Lewis]] (1984–88), [[Gail Devers]] (1992–96), [[Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce]] (2008–12), and [[Elaine Thompson-Herah]] (2016-2020). [[Merlene Ottey]] is the only athlete to win three medals without winning gold, with one silver and two bronze medals. [[Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce]] is the most decorated athlete in the event, male or female, having won 4 medals.<ref name="SRM">((Cite web|title=Athletics Men's 100 metres Medalists|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/sports/ATH/mens-100-metres.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417040504/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/sports/ATH/mens-100-metres.html|archive-date=17 April 2020|access-date=26 January 2014|website=SR/Olympic Sports|publisher=Sports Reference))</ref><ref name="SRW">((Cite web|title=Athletics Women's 100 metres Medalists|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/sports/ATH/womens-100-metres.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417040712/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/sports/ATH/womens-100-metres.html|archive-date=17 April 2020|access-date=26 January 2014|website=SR/Olympic Sports|publisher=Sports Reference.))</ref>

Many athletes that compete in this event also compete individually in the Olympic [[200 metres]] and with their national teams in the Olympic [[4×100 metres relay]], with Jamaicans [[Usain Bolt]] and [[Elaine Thompson-Herah]] being the only athletes to do so more than once. Nine men have achieved the 100 metres and 200 metres 'Double' at the same Olympic Games - [[Archie Hahn]] ([[Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics|1904]]), [[Ralph Craig]] ([[Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics|1912]]), [[Percy Williams (sprinter)|Percy Williams]] ([[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics|1928]]), [[Eddie Tolan]] ([[Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics|1932]]), [[Jesse Owens]] ([[Athletics at the 1936 Summer Olympics|1936]]), [[Bobby Morrow]] ([[Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics|1956]]), [[Valeriy Borzov]] ([[Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics|1972]]), [[Carl Lewis]] ([[Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics|1984]]), and [[Usain Bolt]] ([[Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics|2008]], [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics|2012]], [[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics|2016]]). Four of these men were also members of the winning team in the [[4 × 100 meters relay]] at the same games - [[Jesse Owens]] ([[Athletics at the 1936 Summer Olympics|1936]]), [[Bobby Morrow]] ([[Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics|1956]]), [[Carl Lewis]] ([[Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics|1984]]), and [[Usain Bolt]] ([[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics|2012]], [[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics|2016]]). Three of these men have won a fourth gold medal at the same games - [[Archie Hahn]] in the now defunct [[60 metres at the Olympics|60 metres]], and both [[Jesse Owens]] and [[Carl Lewis]] in the [[Long jump at the Olympics|long jump]].

Seven women have achieved the 100 metres and 200 metres 'Double' at the same Olympic Games - [[Fanny Blankers-Koen]] ([[Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics|1948]]), [[Marjorie Jackson]] ([[Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics|1952]]), [[Betty Cuthbert]] ([[Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics|1956]]), [[Wilma Rudolph]] ([[Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics|1960]]), [[Renate Stecher]] ([[Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics|1972]]), [[Florence Griffith-Joyner]] ([[Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics|1988]]), and [[Elaine Thompson-Herah]] ([[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics|2016]]) and ([[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics|2021]]). Five of these women were also members of the winning team in the [[4 × 100 meters relay]] at the same games - [[Fanny Blankers-Koen]] ([[Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics|1948]]), [[Betty Cuthbert]] ([[Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics|1956]]), [[Wilma Rudolph]] ([[Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics|1960]]), [[Florence Griffith-Joyner]] ([[Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics|1988]]) and [[Elaine Thompson-Herah]] ([[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics|2021]]). [[Fanny Blankers-Koen]] is the only one of these women to win four gold medals at the same games by winning the [[Sprint hurdles at the Olympics|80 metres hurdles]] in [[Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics|1948]].
<!-- Still to do: ==History==
Walkthrough of each edition's races, dominant athletes, and recurring themes
-->

== Competition format ==
[[File:Women's 100 metres heat.jpg|thumb|Women competing in the first round of the [[2012 Summer Olympics]]]]
[[File:Womens 100 m medal ceremony - 2012 Olympics.jpg|thumb|The women's 100-metre medalists at the [[2012 Summer Olympics]]]]
The Olympic 100&nbsp;metres competitions are carried out under [[100 metres rules|standard international rules]], as set by the [[International Association of Athletics Federations]] (IAAF). The races are segregated by gender, with one for men and one for women.<ref>((Cite journal|title=Competition Rules 2012-2013|url=http://athleticsasia.org/technical/Competition%Rules%2012-13.pdf|url-status=dead|journal=IAAF Competition Rules|edition=Centenary|publisher=International Association of Athletics Federations|pages=130|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140721064422/http://athleticsasia.org/technical/Competition%20Rules%202012-13.pdf|archive-date=21 July 2014))</ref> The 100&nbsp;m is usually held at the beginning of the [[Athletics at the Summer Olympics|Olympic athletics programme]] as this allows athletes to compete in other events held later at the games – many 100&nbsp;m athletes also compete in the [[200 metres]] and the [[4×100 metres relay]] events.<ref>((Cite web|title=Athletics - Technical|url=http://www.teamgb.com/summer-sports/athletics|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328075822/http://www.teamgb.com/summer-sports/athletics|archive-date=28 March 2014|access-date=16 February 2014|website=Team GB|publisher=British Olympic Association))</ref>

Traditionally there are four rounds of competition: heats, quarter-finals, semi-finals, and finals. Prior to 1964, finals featured six athletes.<ref name=SRM1960/> For all Olympic competitions from 1964 onwards—allowing for a sufficient number of athletes being present—each race features eight runners.<ref name=SRM1964/> Athletes are seeded by past performance to ensure an even balance of quality across the heats and allow the best runners to progress to the later stages. Usually in the first two rounds the top three runners progress to the next stage. A small number of other athletes also progress as the fastest non-qualifiers (or "fastest losers") through a [[repechage]] system. Prior to 2012, the semi-finals stage comprised two races of eight athletes and the top four finishers in each race (regardless of time) were entered into the final.<ref name=Format>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120607235458/http://www.london2012.com/athletics/event%3Dathletics-women-100m/competition-format/ 100m competition format]. London 2012 (archived). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

Several amendments were made to the competition format in 2012. Any participant not in possession of an Olympic qualifying standard time is entered into the preliminary round. Qualifiers in this round progress to the first round proper. The semi-finals stage is divided into three races: the top two progress to the final by right and the two fastest non-qualifiers complete the eight finalists. Changes to the international [[false start]] rules were also introduced – any validly recorded reaction time to the [[starter's pistol]] of below 0.1 seconds will result in instant disqualification.<ref name=Format/> At the 2004 and 2008 Olympics one false start was allowed per race, with any subsequent false start resulting in disqualification for the offending athletes. At Olympics prior to 2004 each athlete was allowed one false start, with a second false start leading to removal from the field.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/athletics/2665407.stm Sprint rule well received]. [[BBC Sport]] (2003-01-16). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref>Hinnen, Jerry (2012-07-24). [http://www.cbssports.com/olympics/eye-on-olympics/19649109/iaaf-adjusts-false-start-rule-ahead-of-the-olympics IAAF adjusts false start rule ahead of the Olympics]. [[CBS Sports]]. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

The top three finishers in the final are awarded a [[gold medal|gold]], [[silver medal|silver]], and [[bronze medal]], respectively. If runners cannot be separated by their time (recorded to one hundredth of a second) further analysis is used to distinguish their times to the thousandth of a second. In the [[Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2008 Women's 100&nbsp;m final]] the minor medallists [[Sherone Simpson]] and [[Kerron Stewart]] could not be separated by this method and were both awarded the silver medal.<ref>Landells, Steve (2008-08-17). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/womens-100m-final-5 Women's 100m - FINAL]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> Medal positions in a 100&nbsp;m race have only been shared on one other occasion in Olympic history: [[Alajos Szokolyi]] and [[Francis Lane]] were joint third at the [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1896 men's final]].<ref name=SRM1896/>

== Participation ==
Starting with 15 men from eight nations at the inaugural 1896 Olympic 100&nbsp;m, participation in the event reached its peak at the [[2000 Sydney Games]], where 179 male and female athletes from 100 nations were present. The number of competitors and nations in the event has seen an increasing historical trend. This increase has been mostly linear, though participation was affected by the [[Olympic boycott]]s of 1976, 1980 and 1984. The linear trend stopped after the 2000 peak and has steadily decreased in subsequent Summer Olympics.<ref name=SRM/><ref name=SRW/>

{|class=wikitable style="font-size:95%" align=right
|+ Qualifying standards
|-
!Year
!Men "A"
!Men "B"
!Women "A"
!Women "B"
|-
|2000 || 10.27 || 10.40 || 11.40 || 11.60
|-
|2004 || 10.21 || 10.28 || 11.30 || 11.40
|-
|2008 || 10.21 || 10.28 || 11.32 || 11.42
|-
|2012 || 10.18 || 10.24 || 11.29 || 11.38
|-
|2016 || 10.16 || ((n/a)) || 11.32 || ((n/a))
|-
|2020/2021 || 10.05 || ((n/a)) || 11.12 || ((n/a))
|}

Men's participation reached its highest at the [[1996 Atlanta Olympics]], which featured 104 men from 75 nations. Women's participation began in 1928, with 31 women from 13 nations competing, and reached an all-time high at the [[2008 Beijing Games]], which had 85 women representing 69 nations. The 2008 and 2012 editions reversed the historical gender bias towards male participation, as women outnumbered men at the Olympic 100&nbsp;m for the first time.<ref name=SRM/><ref name=SRW/>

As the governing body for the [[sport of athletics]], the [[International Association of Athletics Federations]] (IAAF) applies [[Qualifying standards in athletics|qualifying standards]] to the competition. This aims to encourage high level performances at the Olympic Games and contain the number of potential entries (the IAAF aims to cap Olympic participation in athletics events at 2000 athletes). There are two types of qualifying standard: the "A" standard and the "B" standard. Each [[National Olympic Committee]] (NOC) may enter up to three athletes who have obtained the "A" standard, or one athlete with the "B" standard. If a NOC has no qualifying athletes in any Olympic athletic event, it may enter one non-qualified athlete – the 100&nbsp;m is a frequent choice for this type of entry given the brevity of the event. Athletes must achieve the qualifying time without [[wind-assistance]] at an officially authorised event within a certain time period, which typically begins from the year prior to the Olympics and extends up to three weeks before the games. The IAAF prohibits entrants who do not reach the age of sixteen in that Olympic year, but there is no upper age limit. The IAAF qualifying standards for the 100&nbsp;m have become progressively more stringent since 2000.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/the-xxix-olympic-games-beijing-china-824 The XXIX Olympic Games - Beijing, China - 8/24 August 2008]. IAAF (2008-02-05). Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref><ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/sydney-2000-olympics-entry-standards Sydney 2000 Olympics Entry Standards]. IAAF (1999-06-08). Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref><ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/olympic-games-athens Olympic Games, Athens]. IAAF (2008-02-05). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/entry-standards-for-london-olympics Entry Standards for London Olympics]. IAAF (2011-04-15). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

On top of IAAF standards, national governing bodies may apply their own participation restrictions. These principally come in four forms: stricter national qualifying times, reduced time periods for qualifying performances,<ref>[http://www.usatf.org/events/2008/OlympicTrials-TF/entry/qualifyingStandards.asp Qualifying Standards]. USATF. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> performances in the event at a national Olympic trials, and decisions of national selection committees. Smaller nations do not typically apply these additional criteria due to the smaller numbers of sprinters eligible to compete. Larger nations, and nations with strong traditions in sprinting, often have long-running histories of Olympic 100&nbsp;m trials (such as at the [[United States Olympic Trials (track and field)|United States Olympic Trials]]). Participation for a country also demands that the athlete hold respective citizenship and is not subject to a competitive ban through [[doping in athletics|anti-doping rules]].<ref>[http://www.usatf.org/events/2012/OlympicGames/entry/12%20SOG%20%28ATH%29%20ATH%20June%2014%202011.pdf%20approved%20with%20signature.pdf Athlete Selection Procedure Form for the Olympic Games]. [[United States Olympic Committee]] (2012). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

[[World Athletics]] in 2019 announced that, following the inauguration of their World Rankings platform, that in addition to those who achieved the Olympic standard, placing in the top 32 of the rankings will serve as a qualification method for athletes. (For example, if someone comes 3rd in the 100m finals of their national championships in 10.14, if he is 22nd in the World Rankings, he has qualified for the games).

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!Year
!No. of<br>men
!Nations<br>(men)
!No. of<br>women
!Nations<br>(women)
!Total<br>athletes
!Total<br>nations
!Men's champion
!Women's champion
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics|1896]]<ref name=SRM1896>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094326/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1896/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1896 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> || 15 || 8 || ((n/a)) || ((n/a)) || 15 || 8 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Thomas Burke (athlete)|Thomas Burke]]|USA)) || ((n/a))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1900 Summer Olympics|1900]]<ref name=SRM1900>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417093953/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1900/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1900 Paris Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> || 20 || 9 || ((n/a)) || ((n/a)) || 20 || 9 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Frank Jarvis (athlete)|Frank Jarvis]]|USA)) || ((n/a))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics|1904]]<ref name=SRM1904>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417093926/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1904/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1904 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> || 11 || 3 || ((n/a)) || ((n/a)) || 11 || 3 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Archie Hahn]]|USA)) || ((n/a))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics|1908]]<ref name=SRM1908>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417093944/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1908/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1908 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> || 60 || 16 || ((n/a)) || ((n/a)) || 60 || 16 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Reggie Walker (sprinter)|Reggie Walker]]|RSA|1908 Summer))  || ((n/a))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics|1912]]<ref name=SRM1912>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094035/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1912/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1912 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> || 70 || 22 || ((n/a)) || ((n/a)) || 70 || 22 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Ralph Craig]]|USA)) || ((n/a))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1920 Summer Olympics|1920]]<ref name=SRM1920>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094324/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1920/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1920 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> || 61 || 23 || ((n/a)) || ((n/a)) || 61 || 23 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Charlie Paddock]]|USA)) || ((n/a))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics|1924]]<ref name=SRM1924>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094634/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1924/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1924 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> || 86 || 34 || ((n/a)) || ((n/a)) || 86 || 34 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Harold Abrahams]]|GBR)) || ((n/a))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics|1928]]<ref name=SRM1928>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417093831/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1928/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1928 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1928>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173348/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1928/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1928 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 81 || 33 || 31 || 13 || 107 || 35 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Percy Williams (sprinter)|Percy Williams]]|CAN|1928 Summer)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Betty Robinson]]|USA))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics|1932]]<ref name=SRM1932>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417093929/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1932/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1932 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1932>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173403/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1932/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1932 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 33 || 17 || 20 || 10 || 51 || 19 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Eddie Tolan]]|USA)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Stanisława Walasiewicz]]|POL))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1936 Summer Olympics|1936]]<ref name=SRM1936>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417093957/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1936/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1936 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1936>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173348/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1936/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1936 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 61 || 30 || 30 || 15 || 91 || 33 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Jesse Owens]]|USA)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Helen Stephens]]|USA))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics|1948]]<ref name=SRM1948>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417093752/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1948/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1948 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1948>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173349/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1948/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1948 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 61 || 33 || 38 || 21 || 99 || 39 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Harrison Dillard]]|USA)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Fanny Blankers-Koen]]|NED))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics|1952]]<ref name=SRM1952>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094446/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1952/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1952 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1952>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173405/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1952/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1952 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 70 || 33 || 56 || 27 || 126 || 41 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Lindy Remigino]]|USA)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Marjorie Jackson]]|AUS))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics|1956]]<ref name=SRM1956>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094425/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1956/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1956 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1956>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173355/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1956/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1956 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 63 || 31 || 34 || 16 || 97 || 34 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Bobby Morrow]]|USA)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Betty Cuthbert]]|AUS))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics|1960]]<ref name=SRM1960>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094011/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1960/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1960 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1960>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173335/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1960/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1960 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 59 || 45 || 31 || 18 || 90 || 50 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Armin Hary]]|EUA)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Wilma Rudolph]]|USA))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics|1964]]<ref name=SRM1964>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094215/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1964/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1964 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1964>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173337/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1964/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1964 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 71 || 49 || 44 || 27 || 115 || 56 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Bob Hayes]]|USA)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Wyomia Tyus]]|USA))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics|1968]]<ref name=SRM1968>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417093826/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1968/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1968 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1968>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173402/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1968/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1968 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 63 || 42 || 42 || 22 || 105 || 48 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Jim Hines]]|USA)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Wyomia Tyus]]|USA))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics|1972]]<ref name=SRM1972>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094254/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1972/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1972 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1972>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173342/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1972/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1972 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 83 || 55 || 47 || 33 || 130 || 68 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Valeriy Borzov]]|URS)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Renate Stecher]]|GDR))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics|1976]]<ref name=SRM1976>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094341/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1976/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1976 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1976>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173353/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1976/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1976 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 61 || 40 || 39 || 22 || 100 || 45 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Hasely Crawford]]|TRI)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Annegret Richter]]|FRG))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1980 Summer Olympics|1980]]<ref name=SRM1980>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094159/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1980/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1980 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1980>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173343/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1980/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1980 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 63 || 41 || 40 || 25 || 103 || 46 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Allan Wells]]|GBR)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Lyudmila Kondratyeva]]|URS))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics|1984]]<ref name=SRM1984>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094605/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1984/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1984 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1984>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173406/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1984/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1984 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 80 || 59 || 46 || 33 || 126 || 68 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Carl Lewis]]|USA)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Evelyn Ashford]]|USA))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics|1988]]<ref name=SRM1988>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094514/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1988/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1988 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1988>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173215/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1988/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1988 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 100 || 69 || 64 || 42 || 164 || 85 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Carl Lewis]]|USA)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Florence Griffith-Joyner]]|USA))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics|1992]]<ref name=SRM1992>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094131/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1992/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1992 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1992>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173346/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1992/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1992 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 79 || 66 || 54 || 41 || 133 || 86 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Linford Christie]]|GBR)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Gail Devers]]|USA))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics|1996]]<ref name=SRM1996>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094048/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1996/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1996 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW1996>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173340/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1996/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1996 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 104 || 75 || 56 || 38 || 160 || 89 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Donovan Bailey]]|CAN)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Gail Devers]]|USA))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics|2000]]<ref name=SRM2000>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094402/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/2000/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 2000 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW2000>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173401/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/2000/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 2000 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 95 || 71 || 84 || 63 || 179 || 100 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Maurice Greene (athlete)|Maurice Greene]]|USA)) || Vacated<ref>[http://www.olympic.org/content/results-and-medalists/eventresultpagegeneral/?athletename=&country=&sport2=32588&games2=&event2=32555&mengender=true&womengender=true&mixedgender=true&goldmedal=true&silvermedal=true&bronzemedal=true&teamclassification=true&individualclassification=true&winter=true&summer=true Olympic Women's 100 metres medallists]. International Olympic Committee. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref>
|-
|[[Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics|2004]]<ref name=SRM2004>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417093904/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/2004/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 2004 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW2004>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173357/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/2004/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 2004 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 80 || 62 || 63 || 51 || 143 || 89 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Justin Gatlin]]|USA)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Yulia Nestsiarenka]]|BLR))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics|2008]]<ref name=SRM2008>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094640/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/2008/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 2008 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW2008>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173209/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/2008/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 2008 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 78 || 64 || 85 || 69 || 163 || 96 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Usain Bolt]]|JAM)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce|Shelly-Ann Fraser]]|JAM))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics|2012]]<ref name=SRM2012>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094232/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/2012/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 2012 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref name=SRW2012>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173200/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/2012/ATH/womens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 2012 Summer Games: Women's 100 metres]. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> || 72 || 61 || 79 || 65 || 151 || 92 ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Usain Bolt]]|JAM)) ||align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce]]|JAM))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics|2016]]
|84
|57
|80
|56
|164
|82
|align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Usain Bolt]]|JAM))
|align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Elaine Thompson-Herah|Elaine Thompson]]|JAM))
|-
|[[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics|2020]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Marcell Jacobs]]|ITA))
|align=left|((flagIOCathlete|[[Elaine Thompson-Herah]]|JAM))
|}
;Data notes
*Numbers do not include non-starting athletes. There have been two Olympic 100&nbsp;m non-starters: Estonia's [[Reinhold Saulmann]] in 1920, and [[Kim Collins]] in 2012 – the latter was banned from competing by the [[St. Kitts and Nevis]] Olympic Committee for defying their orders and leaving the Olympic camp to stay with his wife.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/19126909 Olympics athletics: Kim Collins 'dropped for visiting wife']. [[BBC Sport]] (2012-08-04). Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref>
*Nations are above defined as the competing Olympic team as opposed to athletes' legal nationalities – the various [[Unified Team at the Olympics|Unified teams]] and [[Independent Olympians at the Olympic Games|Independent Olympian teams]] are thus each treated as one nation at that Olympic Games.

== Biological factors ==
=== Age ===
The 100&nbsp;m requires a high level of [[athleticism]] and as a result most of the participants in the Olympics are aged between 18 and 35 – which is roughly contiguous with the period of peak [[physical fitness]] in humans.<ref>Bongard, Vanina,  et al. (2007-06-23). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2267663/ Effects of age and gender on physical performance]. ''AGE'' ([[American Aging Association]]). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> Consequently, the vast majority of participants in the Olympic 100&nbsp;m fall within this age range.<ref name=SRM2012/><ref name=SRW2012/> As of 2020, the qualification rules prohibit athletes younger than 16 at the end of the year of the Games.<ref name=2020-qual>((cite news |title=Qualification System – Games of the XXXII Olympiad – ''Athletics''|publisher=[[IAAF]]))</ref>

The record for the youngest athlete to participate in the Olympic 100&nbsp;m is held by [[Katura Marae]], who was 14 when she represented [[Vanuatu]] at the [[2004 Athens Olympics]].<ref name=Katura>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418010340/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ma/katura-marae-1.html Katura Marae]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> [[Merlene Ottey]] holds the records for both the oldest participant and the oldest medallist, having won bronze at age 40 in 2000 and reached the Olympic semi-finals four years later. (Ottey is also the most frequent participant having competed in the Olympic 100&nbsp;m an unrivalled six times from 1984 to 2004).<ref name=Merlene>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417051942/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ot/merlene-ottey-page-1.html Merlene Ottey-Page]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> The first women's champion, [[Betty Robinson]] in 1928, remains the youngest gold medallist for the event at 16 years old,<ref name=Betty>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173344/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ro/betty-robinson-1.html Betty Robinson]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> while a 32-year-old [[Linford Christie]] became the oldest 100&nbsp;m Olympic champion in 1992.<ref name=Linford>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417093852/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ch/linford-christie-1.html Linford Christie]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!Distinction
!Male athlete
!Age
!Female athlete
!Age
|-
!Youngest champion
| [[Reggie Walker (sprinter)|Reggie Walker]] || 19 years, 4 months, 6 days<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094443/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/wa/reggie-walker-1.html Reggie Walker]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>
| [[Betty Robinson]] || 16 years, 11 months, 8 days<ref name=Betty/>
|-
!Youngest medallist
| [[Donald Lippincott]] || 18 years, 7 months, 21 days<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094659/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/li/donald-lippincott-1.html Donald Lippincott]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>
| [[Betty Robinson]] || 16 years, 11 months, 8 days<ref name=Betty/>
|-
!Youngest participant
| [[Alphonse Yanghat]] || 15 years, 3 months, 27 days<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418004500/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ya/alphonse-yanghat-1.html Alphonse Yanghat]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>
| [[Katura Marae]] || 14 years, 8 months, 17 days<ref name=Katura/>
|-
!Oldest champion
| [[Linford Christie]] || 32 years, 3 months, 30 days<ref name=Linford/>
| [[Fanny Blankers-Koen]] || 30 years, 3 months, 7 days<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173405/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/bl/fanny-blankers-koen-1.html Fanny Blankers-Koen]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>
|-
!Oldest medallist
| [[Linford Christie]] || 32 years, 3 months, 30 days<ref name=Linford/>
| [[Merlene Ottey]] || 40 years, 4 months, 14 days<ref name=Merlene/>
|-
!Oldest participant
| [[Stefan Burkart]] || 38 years, 10 months, 14 days<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418011215/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/bu/stefan-burkart-1.html Stefan Burkart]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>
| [[Merlene Ottey]] || 44 years, 4 months, 11 days<ref name=Merlene/>
|}

=== Gender ===
Since introduction of testing by the IAAF in the early-20th century, female sprinters may be subject to [[Gender verification in sports|gender verification]]. This rule was first formally applied to the 100&nbsp;m at the [[1968 Mexico Olympics]].<ref>Saner, Emine (2008-07-30). [https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2008/jul/30/olympicgames2008.gender The gender trap]. ''[[The Guardian]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> No 100&nbsp;m sprinter has been publicly barred at an Olympic competition. However, there have been historic cases involving two women's medallists: 1932 champion [[Stanisława Walasiewicz]] and 1964 bronze medallist [[Ewa Kłobukowska]], both of Poland. Walasiewicz endured accusations during her career due to her appearance, but was never subject to a test.<ref name=JRSM>Richie, Robert, et al (2008-08-01). [http://jrs.sagepub.com/content/101/8/395.full Intersex and the Olympic Games]. ''[[Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine]]'' (vol. 101 no. 8 395-399). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> An autopsy following her death in a shooting revealed ambiguous genitalia.<ref>Augustyn, Adam (2012-04-13). [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/634342/Stanislawa-Walasiewicz Stanisława Walasiewicz]. ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> Walasiewicz accused [[Helen Stephens]] (who beat her in the 1936 final) of being male and, despite there being no relevant rules on the matter, officials performed a physical examination of Stephens' external genitalia and concluded that she was female. Kłobukowska was not tested at the Olympics, thus did not lose her Olympic medals, but was subsequently disqualified at the [[1967 European Cup (athletics)|1967 European Cup]] on the basis of having a chromosomal [[mosaic (genetics)|mosaic]].<ref name=JRSM/><ref>Heggie, Vanessa (2012-08-02). [https://www.theguardian.com/science/the-h-word/2012/aug/02/sex-testing-olympics-myths-rumours-confirmation-bias Sex testing and the Olympics: myths, rumours and confirmation bias]. ''[[The Guardian]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> [[Intersex]] athletes are restricted from competition in the 100&nbsp;m without having undergone surgery and hormonal therapy, as a result of the 2003 Stockholm consensus ruling by the IOC.<ref>[http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Reports/EN/en_report_905.pdf Sch 12.11.03 Statement of the Stockholm consensus on sex reassignment in sports]. [[International Olympic Committee]]. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

=== Race ===
((see also|Race and sports))
[[File:London 2012 Olympic 100m final start.jpg|thumb|Runners in the men's 100-metre final at the [[2012 Summer Olympics]]]]
Olympic 100&nbsp;m medallists in the early phase of the Modern Olympic Games were principally [[white people|white]], [[Western world|Western]] sprinters of European descent, largely reflecting the euro-centric make up of the nations that took part and the ideological environment of racial segregation at the time. As the Olympic competition began to attract wider international participation, athletes with African heritage began to reach and eventually dominate the 100&nbsp;m Olympic podium, particularly [[African-American]]s and [[Afro-Caribbean]]s.<ref name=Sears>Sears, Edward Seldon (2001). ''Running Through the Ages'' ([https://books.google.com/books?id=vxxOw3FvOgwC&dq=Eddie+Tolan+first+black+100+metres+champion&pg=PA178 pg. 178-183]). McFarland. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

[[Eddie Tolan]] became the first non-white winner of the event in 1932 and this signified the start of a prolonged period of success by black male sprinters; since 1932 only five men's Olympic champions in the event have not had significant African heritage. The women's event was dominated by runners of European descent until [[Wilma Rudolph]] won the title in 1960. Soviet and German women returned to the podium in the period from 1972 to 1980, but since then African-American and Jamaican women have won the great majority of 100&nbsp;m medals.<ref name=Sears/> Dominance in the men's event has been particularly pronounced from 1984 to 2016, during which time in a span of almost 40 years all the men's Olympic 100&nbsp;m finalists have been of African heritage.<ref>[[Matthew Syed|Syed, Matthew]] (2012-08-09). [http://www.theaustralian.com.au/sport/genetic-research-shows-athletic-skill-is-not-a-black-and-white-issue/story-fne39r9e-1226446837310# Genetic research shows athletic skill is not a black and white issue]. ''[[The Australian]]''/''[[The Times]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

In the [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2020]] Olympics, Chinese sprinter [[Su Bingtian]] ran 9.83 in his semi-final heat and became the first athlete without African heritage to reach the final since [[Athletics at the 1980 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1980]] within the span of 40 years, setting an unofficial fastest [[60 metres]] split record en route. 9.83 is also the second fastest semi-final time and made him the fifth fastest man in the history of '''100 metres at the Olympics''' behind Usain Bolt, Yohan Blake, Justin Gatlin and Marcel Jacobs.

Most commentators attribute this statistical discrepancy to genetic rather than to cultural factors.<ref>Entine, Jon (2012-08-12). [https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonentine/2012/08/12/the-dna-olympics-jamaicans-win-sprinting-genetic-lottery-and-why-we-should-all-care/ The DNA Olympics -- Jamaicans Win Sprinting 'Genetic Lottery' -- and Why We Should All Care]. ''[[Forbes Magazine]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-14679657 Is it wrong to note 100m winners are always black?]. [[BBC Sport]]. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref>Moore, Matthew (2010-07-12). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100714014141/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/7884135/Centre-of-gravity-theory-for-dominance-of-black-sprinters-and-white-swimmers.html Centre of gravity theory for dominance of black sprinters and white swimmers]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

== Doping ==
All athletes who participate in the Olympic 100&nbsp;m competition are subject to the [[World Anti-Doping Code]] –the IAAF and International Olympic Committee (IOC) are both signatories. Mandatory in-competition drug testing was introduced at the [[1968 Summer Olympics]].<ref name=About1>Rosenbaum, Mike. [http://trackandfield.about.com/od/sprintsandhurdles/a/controvsprint.htm Drug Testing Scandals: Olympic Sprint Controversies] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203122712/http://trackandfield.about.com/od/sprintsandhurdles/a/controvsprint.htm |date=3 February 2014 )). About Track and Field. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

One of the most prominent cases of [[doping at the Olympics]], and in [[doping in sport|sport]] as a whole, occurred during the [[1988 Seoul Olympics]]. [[Ben Johnson (Canadian sprinter)|Ben Johnson]] entered the race as the reigning [[Men's 100 metres world record progression|100 metres world record]] holder and won the Olympic final, raising his arm in victory, in a new world record of 9.79 seconds to much fanfare. Soon after being awarded the gold medal the results of his post-race drug test revealed his urine contained traces of [[stanozolol]] (a banned [[steroid]]).<ref>Weinberg, Rick. [http://espn.go.com/espn/espn25/story?page=moments/53 ESPN.com - ESPN 25 - 53: Johnson flunks drug test, loses gold medal] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203104129/http://espn.go.com/espn/espn25/story?page=moments%2F53 |date=3 February 2014 )). ESPN. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> Johnson later admitted to doping, but he and his coach [[Charlie Francis]] still claimed he had his drink spiked at the Olympics, as Johnson was taking a different type of steroid at the time.<ref>[[Charlie Francis|Francis, Charlie]] (1991). ''Speed Trap''. St. Martins Press. ((ISBN|0-312-04877-7)).</ref> The positive test had long-lasting effects on public perception of the sport and advanced the case for more stringent drug testing. The Canadian government launched an investigation into drugs in sport, known as the [[Dubin Inquiry]], the following year.<ref>Ormsby, Mary & Hall, Joseph (2008-09-24). [https://www.thestar.com/sports/2008/09/24/ben_johnson_scandal_still_haunts_track_world.html Ben Johnson scandal still haunts track world]. ''[[The Toronto Star]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> The [[Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1988 Olympic men's 100 metres final]] has been referred to as "the dirtiest race in history", as only two of the eight finalists remained free of doping issues during their careers.<ref>Crompton, Sarah (2012-10-12). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/9612997/Forgotten-heroes-who-rose-above-the-scandal-of-drugs.html Forgotten heroes who rose above the scandal of drugs]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

[[Ekaterini Thanou]], the 2000 women's silver medallist, was barred from the [[2004 Athens Olympics]] after failing to attend a pre-competition drugs test (her third consecutive missed test). The Greek sprinter and her teammate [[Kostas Kenteris]] were convicted of staging a motorcycle crash to avoid the test, but this was overturned on appeal. Her doping ban remained as they admitted to having missed the tests.<ref>Macur, Juliet (2011-09-06). [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/07/sports/olympics/peculiar-greek-doping-case-takes-another-twist.html?_r=0 Peculiar Doping Case Takes Another Twist]. ''[[The New York Times]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> [[Tameka Williams]] was banned from competing in the 100&nbsp;m at the 2012 Olympics when, at the Olympic village, she admitted to the [[Saint Kitts and Nevis]] management team that she had been ingesting a banned substance.<ref>[http://www.scotsman.com/sport/more-sport/athletics/london-2012-olympics-sprinter-tameka-williams-sent-home-over-drugs-1-2439746 London 2012 Olympics: Sprinter Tameka Williams sent home over drugs]. ''[[The Scotsman]]'' (2012-07-30). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> Bulgaria's [[Tezdzhan Naimova]] had her 2008 Olympic performance annulled and received a two-year ban after it was proved that she had tampered with her drug test a month prior to the competition.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/news/news/doping-rule-violation-262 Doping Rule Violation]. IAAF (2009-02-18). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

Another high-profile doping case involved the 2000 Olympic women's 100&nbsp;m champion [[Marion Jones]], though no doping infractions occurred during the Olympics. Having been one of the stars of the games—she won three gold and two bronze medals in track and field events—Jones was later implicated in doping through the [[BALCO scandal]]. She lied to federal agents and a [[grand jury]] during questioning around the scandal, but later admitted in 2007 to using [[Tetrahydrogestrinone]] (THG) during the period of her Olympic success.<ref name=Bond1>Bond, David (2007-10-06). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/othersports/athletics/2322765/Marion-Jones-finally-confesses-to-steroid-use.html Marion Jones finally confesses to steroid use]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> The IOC annulled all her Olympic results, including her 100&nbsp;m title. Given that the 2000 women's runner-up Ekaterini Thanou had herself been banned for drug usage, the IOC chose not to upgrade her to the gold medal position, but rather leave the position vacant.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200418011730/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/jo/marion-jones-2.html Marion Jones]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> Working around the dilemma, the IOC decided to raise bronze medallist [[Tayna Lawrence]] to joint silver and fourth-placed [[Merlene Ottey]] to the bronze medal position.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/athletics/8401333.stm Katerina Thanou denied Marion Jones' Olympic 100m gold]. BBC Sport (2009-12-08). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

In spite of the relatively few occasions in which 100&nbsp;m sprinters have failed doping tests at the Olympics, numerous Olympic sprinters have been banned outside the competition or implicated otherwise, including many medallists. Two-time Olympic champion [[Carl Lewis]] had a positive drug test for stimulants at the [[United States Olympic Trials (track and field)|US Olympic trials]]. The [[United States Olympic Committee]] accepted his claim of inadvertent use, since a dietary supplement he ingested was found to contain "Ma huang", the Chinese name for [[Ephedra (medicine)|Ephedra]] (ephedrine is known to help weight loss).<ref name=Pye1/> The 1992 Olympic champion [[Linford Christie]] was banned for [[nandrolone]] later in his career.<ref>Milmo, Cahal (2000-08-22). [https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/general/bbc-drops-linford-christie-after-drugs-ban-is-confirmed-696211.html BBC drops Linford Christie after drugs ban is confirmed ]. ''[[The Independent]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> [[Angel Guillermo Heredia]] accused the 2000 Olympic champion [[Maurice Greene (athlete)|Maurice Greene]] of doping; Greene denied this but admitted to paying for "stuff" for his training mates.<ref>Knight, Tom (2008-04-23). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/2298150/Maurice-Greene-doping-allegations-hit-IAAF.html Maurice Greene doping allegations hit IAAF]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> [[Justin Gatlin]], the men's gold medallist in 2004, served a doping suspension both before and after his Olympic win, and returned to the podium at the 2012 Olympics.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/02/sports/othersports/02gatlin.html Gatlin's Doping Ban Reduced to 4 Years ]. ''[[The New York Times]]'' (2008-01-02). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> The men's runner-up in 2012, [[Yohan Blake]], was banned for consuming a stimulant in 2009.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/athletics/8167898.stm Jamaican athletes fail drug tests]. BBC Sport (2009-07-24). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

On the women's side, the Olympic 100&nbsp;m was affected by state-sponsored [[doping in East Germany]]. [[Stasi]] documents released after the fall of the [[Berlin Wall]] revealed extensive drug usage by Olympic sprinters, including the 1976 and 1980 silver medallists [[Renate Stecher]] and [[Marlies Göhr]], as well as the 1988 bronze medallist [[Heike Drechsler]].<ref name="Franke">[[Werner Franke|Franke, Werner]] & [[Brigitte Berendonk|Berendonk, Brigitte]] (1997). "[http://www.clinchem.org/cgi/content/full/43/7/1262 Hormonal doping and androgenization of athletes: a secret program of the German Democratic Republic government] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514103044/http://www.clinchem.org/cgi/content/full/43/7/1262 |date=14 May 2011 ))". Proceedings of the Doping in Sport Symposium. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref>Brigitte Berendonk: Doping documents - From Scientific Research to Cheating. Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1991, ((ISBN|3-540-53742-2)), p. 122, Fig 6</ref> [[Shelly-Ann Fraser]], twice Olympic champion, received a six-month ban in 2010 for taking a prohibited narcotic for pain relief.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/athletics/9068350.stm Six-month ban for sprint champion Shelly-Ann Fraser]. BBC Sport (2010-10-06). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> A similar system was in place in the [[Soviet Union]] with major revelations concerning the Soviet state-sponsored doping program in preparation for the [[1984 Summer Olympics|1984 Olympics]] coming to light in 2016.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/14/sports/olympics/soviet-doping-plan-russia-rio-games.html The Soviet Doping Plan: Document Reveals Illicit Approach to '84 Olympics] The New York Times</ref> The 2008 runner-up [[Sherone Simpson]] was banned in 2013 after a positive test for a stimulant and two-time bronze medallist [[Veronica Campbell-Brown]] failed a test for a diuretic that same year.<ref>Riach, James (2014-01-06). [https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2014/jan/06/jamaica-sherone-simpson-anti-doping-panel-positive-test Jamaica's Sherone Simpson faces anti-doping panel after positive test]. ''[[The Guardian]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref> A fourth Jamaican medallist, [[Merlene Ottey]], received a ban for the steroid nandrolone in 1999 but this was rescinded on appeal due to laboratory errors.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/athletics/832035.stm IOC hit back in Ottey doping case]. BBC Sport (2000-07-13). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sport/817995.stm Ottey cleared to run again]. BBC Sport (2000-07-03). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.</ref>

== Medal summary ==
=== Men ===
((Olympic medallists in men's 100 metres))

==== Multiple medallists ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank
! Athlete
! Nation
! Olympics
!style="background-color:gold"|Gold
!style="background-color:silver"|Silver
!style="background-color:#cc9966"|Bronze
! Total
|-
| 1 ||align=left|((sortname|Usain|Bolt)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|JAM)) || 2008–2016 ||3|| 0 || 0 ||3
|-
| 2 ||align=left|((sortname|Carl|Lewis)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA)) || 1984–1988 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 2
|-
| 3 ||align=left|((sortname|Justin|Gatlin)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA)) || 2004–2016 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 3
|-
| 4 ||align=left|((sortname|Linford|Christie)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GBR)) || 1988–1992 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 2
|-
| rowspan=2|5 ||align=left|((sortname|Valeriy|Borzov)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|URS)) || 1972–1976 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 2
|-
|align=left|((sortname|Maurice|Greene|Maurice Greene (athlete))) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA)) || 2000–2004 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 2
|-
| rowspan=2|7 ||align=left|((sortname|Ralph|Metcalfe)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA)) || 1932–1936 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 2
|-
|align=left|((sortname|Frankie|Fredericks)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|NAM)) || 1992–1996 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 2
|-
| rowspan=2|9 ||align=left|((sortname|Lennox|Miller)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|JAM)) || 1968–1972 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 2
|-
|align=left|((sortname|Ato|Boldon)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|TRI)) || 1996–2000 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 2
|-
| 11 ||align=left|((sortname|Andre|De Grasse)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|CAN)) || 2016–2020 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2
|}

==== Medals by country ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank
! Nation
!style="background-color:gold"|Gold
!style="background-color:silver"|Silver
!style="background-color:#cc9966"|Bronze
! Total
|-
| 1 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA)) || 16 || 14 || 9 || 39
|-
| 2 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|JAM)) || 3 || 4 || 1 || 8
|-
| 3 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GBR)) || 3 || 2 || 3 || 8
|-
| 4 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|CAN)) || 2 || 0 || 4 || 6
|-
| 5 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|TRI)) || 1 || 2 || 1 || 4
|-
| 6 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|URS)) || 1 || 0 || 1 || 2
|-
| rowspan=3| 7||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|ITA)) || 1|| 0 || 0 ||1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|RSA)) || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|EUA)) || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1
|-
| rowspan=2|10 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|CUB)) || 0 || 2 || 0 || 2
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|NAM)) || 0 || 2 || 0 || 2
|-
| 12 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GER)) || 0 || 1 || 2 || 3
|-
| 13 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|POR)) || 0 || 1 || 0 || 1
|-
| 14 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|AUS)) || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2
|-
| rowspan=6|15 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|BAR)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|BUL)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|HUN)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|NED)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|NZL)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|PAN)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
!20 !! Totals !! 29 !! 28 !! 29 !! 86
|}

=== Women ===
((Olympic medallists in women's 100 metres))

==== Multiple medallists ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank
! Athlete
! Nation
! Olympics
!style="background-color:gold"|Gold
!style="background-color:silver"|Silver
!style="background-color:#cc9966"|Bronze
! Total
|-
| 1 ||align=left|((sortname|Shelly-Ann|Fraser-Pryce)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|JAM)) || 2008–2020 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 4
|-
| rowspan="3" |2 ||align=left|((sortname|Wyomia|Tyus)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA)) || 1964–1968 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 2
|-
|align=left|((sortname|Gail|Devers)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA)) || 1992–1996 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 2
|-
|align=left|((sortname|Elaine|Thompson-Herah)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|JAM)) || 2016–2020 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 2
|-
| rowspan=3|4 ||align=left|((sortname|Stanisława|Walasiewicz)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|POL)) || 1932–1936 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 2
|-
|align=left|((sortname|Renate|Stecher)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GDR)) || 1972–1976 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 2
|-
|align=left|((sortname|Evelyn|Ashford)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA)) || 1984–1988 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 2
|-
| 7 ||align=left|((sortname|Merlene|Ottey)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|JAM)) || 1984–2000 || 0 || 1 || 2 || 3
|-
| rowspan=2|8 ||align=left|((sortname|Shirley|Strickland)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|AUS)) || 1948–1952 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2
|-
|align=left|((sortname|Veronica|Campbell-Brown)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|JAM)) || 2004–2012 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2
|}

==== Medals by country ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank
! Nation
!style="background-color:gold"|Gold
!style="background-color:silver"|Silver
!style="background-color:#cc9966"|Bronze
! Total
|-
| 1 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA)) || 9 || 7 || 2 || 18
|-
| 2 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|JAM)) || 4 || 6 || 6 || 16
|-
| 3 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|AUS)) || 2 || 1 || 3 || 6
|-
| 4 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GDR)) || 1 || 2 || 2 || 5
|-
| 5 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|POL)) || 1 || 1 || 2 || 4
|-
| rowspan=2|6||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|FRG)) || 1 || 0 || 1 || 2
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|ITA)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
| rowspan=3|7 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|BLR)) || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|NED)) || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|URS)) || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1
|-
| 10 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|CAN)) || 0 || 2 || 1 || 3
|-
| 11 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GBR)) || 0 || 2 || 0 || 2
|-
| rowspan=3|12 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GRE)) || 0 || 1 || 0 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|RSA)) || 0 || 1 || 0 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|EUA)) || 0 || 1 || 0 || 1
|-
| rowspan=4|15 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|CUB)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GER)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|EUN)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
!18 !! Totals !! 21 !! 23 !! 20 !! 64
|}

=== Overall ===
==== Medals by country ====
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank
! Nation
!style="background-color:gold"|Gold
!style="background-color:silver"|Silver
!style="background-color:#cc9966"|Bronze
! Total
|-
| 1 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA)) || 25 || 21 || 11 || 57
|-
| 2 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|JAM)) || 7 || 9 || 6 || 20
|-
| 3 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GBR)) || 3 || 4 || 3 || 10
|-
| 4 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|CAN)) || 2 || 2 || 5 || 9
|-
| 5 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|AUS)) || 2 || 1 || 5 || 8
|-
| 6 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|URS)) || 2 || 0 || 1 || 3
|-
| 7 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GDR)) || 1 || 2 || 2 || 5
|-
| 8 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|TRI)) || 1 || 2 || 1 || 4
|-
| 9 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|POL)) || 1 || 1 || 2 || 4
|-
| rowspan=2|10 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|RSA)) || 1 || 1 || 0 || 2
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|EUA)) || 1 || 1 || 0 || 2
|-
| rowspan=2|12 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|NED)) || 1 || 0 || 1 || 2
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|FRG)) || 1 || 0 || 1 || 2
|-
| 14 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|BLR)) || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1
|-
| 15 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|CUB)) || 0 || 2 || 1 || 3
|-
| 16 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|NAM)) || 0 || 2 || 0 || 2
|-
| 17 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GER)) || 0 || 1 || 3 || 4
|-
| rowspan=2|18 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GRE)) || 0 || 1 || 0 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|POR)) || 0 || 1 || 0 || 1
|-
| rowspan=7|20 ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|BAR)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|BUL)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|HUN)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|ITA)) || 1 || 0 || 1 || 2
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|NZL)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|PAN)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
|align=left|((FlagIOCteam|EUN)) || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
!26 !! Totals !! 48 !! 51 !! 49 !! 148
|}

== Olympic record progression ==
The best time for the 100&nbsp;m set during Olympic competition is known as the Olympic record. To count as an official record, the race and the equipment used must adhere to [[IAAF]] international rules. [[Hand-timing|Hand-timed]] results were the standard until 1975, when [[fully automatic timing]] (FAT) became the preferred method for officially measuring athletes' times. Further to this [[Wind assistance|wind conditions]] must be measured and any time achieved with a wind speed of over 2.0 metres per second in a direction behind the athlete is treated as wind-assisted and cannot be taken for an Olympic record mark.<ref name=ORProg>Mallon, Bill (2012). [http://www.trackandfieldnews.com/images/stories/tfn_pdfs/2012_athletics_stats5.pdf TRACK & FIELD ATHLETICS - OLYMPIC RECORD PROGRESSIONS]((Dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes )). ''[[Track and Field News]]''. Retrieved on 2014-01-26.</ref>

Since the first men's Olympic record of 12.2 seconds by [[Frank Lane]] in 1896, the record has been broken 13 times and matched 24 times. Twenty-eight men have been holder (or co-holder) of the record. [[Usain Bolt]] is the current record holder with 9.63, set in 2012. Further to this standing men's [[List of world records in athletics|world record]] for the 100&nbsp;m has been equalled five times in Olympic competition and improved twice (by [[Carl Lewis]] in 1988 with 9.92 and by Bolt in 2008 with 9.69). [[Ben Johnson (Canadian sprinter)|Ben Johnson]]'s time of 9.79 was annulled before it was ratified as either an Olympic or world record.<ref name=ORProg/>

Since the initial women's Olympic record of 13.0 seconds was set by [[Anni Holdmann]] in 1928, it has been broken 18 times and equalled 17 further times. The standing women's 100&nbsp;m world record has been improved five times during Olympic competition and equalled seven times.<ref name=ORProg/>

The tables below refer to hand-timing for races held prior to the [[1972 Summer Olympics]] and to fully automatic times after that point, when they became the standard for the Olympics.<ref name=ORProg/> Hand-timed results that matched the Olympic record are treated as equalling the mark, with the exception of any athletes that matched that time but finished behind another athlete in their race.

=== Men ===
((see also|Men's 100 metres world record progression))
[[File:Thomas Curtis.jpg|thumb|In the [[1896 Summer Olympics]], [[Thomas Curtis (athlete)|Thomas Curtis]] of the [[United States]] (pictured) tied [[Grantley Goulding]] of the [[United Kingdom]] in setting the first Olympic 100-metre record, completing the race in 12.2 seconds.]]
[[File:HeadshotCarl.jpg|thumb|After [[Ben Johnson (Canadian sprinter)|Ben Johnson]]'s disqualification, [[Carl Lewis]]'s time of 9.92 was established as the Olympic and world record time.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!Time
!Athlete
!Nation
!Games
!Round
!Date
|-
| 12.2 ||align=left|((sortname|Francis|Lane)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1896]] || Heat 1 || 1896-04-06
|-
| 12.2 ||align=left|((sortname|Thomas|Curtis|Thomas Curtis (athlete))) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1896]] || Heat 2 || 1896-04-06
|-
| 11.8 ||align=left|((sortname|Tom|Burke|Thomas Burke (athlete))) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1896]] || Heat 3 || 1896-04-06
|-
| 11.4 ||align=left|((sortname|Arthur|Duffey)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1900]] || Heat 1 || 1900-06-14
|-
| 11.4 ||align=left|((sortname|Walter|Tewksbury)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1900]] || Heat 2 || 1900-06-14
|-
| 10.8 =((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Frank|Jarvis|dab=athlete)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1900]] || Heat 3 || 1900-06-14
|-
| 10.8 =((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Walter|Tewksbury)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1900]] || Semi-final 2 || 1900-06-14
|-
| 10.8 ||align=left|((sortname|James|Rector)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1908]] || Heat 15 || 1908-07-20
|-
| 10.8 ||align=left|((sortname|Reggie|Walker|Reggie Walker (sprinter))) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|RSA|1908 Summer))
| [[Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1908]] || Semi-final 1 || 1908-07-20
|-
| 10.8 ||align=left|((sortname|James|Rector)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1908]] || Semi-final 3 || 1908-07-20
|-
| 10.8 ||align=left|((sortname|Reggie|Walker|Reggie Walker (sprinter))) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|RSA|1908 Summer))
| [[Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1908]] || Final || 1908-07-20
|-
| 10.8 ||align=left|((sortname|David|Jacobs|David Jacobs (Welsh athlete))) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GBR))
| [[Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1912]] || Heat 10 || 1912-07-06
|-
| 10.6 ||align=left|((sortname|Donald|Lippincott)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1912]] || Heat 16 || 1912-07-06
|-
| 10.6 ||align=left|((sortname|Harold|Abrahams)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GBR))
| [[Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1924]] || Quarter-final 4 || 1924-07-06
|-
| 10.6 ||align=left|((sortname|Harold|Abrahams)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GBR))
| [[Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1924]] || Semi-final 2 || 1924-07-07
|-
| 10.6 ||align=left|((sortname|Harold|Abrahams)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GBR))
| [[Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1924]] || Final || 1924-07-07
|-
| 10.6 ||align=left|((sortname|Percy|Williams|Percy Williams (sprinter))) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|CAN))
| [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1928]] || Quarter-final 4 || 1928-07-29
|-
| 10.6 ||align=left|((sortname|Robert|McAllister|Bob McAllister (athlete))) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1928]] || Semi-final 1 || 1928-07-30
|-
| 10.6 ||align=left|Jack London ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1928]] || Semi-final 2 || 1928-07-30
|-
| 10.6 ||align=left|((sortname|Arthur|Jonath)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GER))
| [[Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1932]] || Heat 3 || 1932-07-31
|-
| 10.4 ||align=left|((sortname|Eddie|Tolan)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1932]] || Quarter-final 1 || 1932-07-31
|-
| 10.3 =((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Eddie|Tolan)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1932]] || Final || 1932-08-01
|-
| 10.3 ||align=left|((sortname|Jesse|Owens)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1936]] || Heat 1 || 1936-08-02
|-
| 10.3 ||align=left|((sortname|Harrison|Dillard)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1948]] || Final || 1948-07-31
|-
| 10.3 ||align=left|((sortname|Bobby Joe|Morrow)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1956]] || Quarter-final 1 || 1956-11-23
|-
| 10.3 ||align=left|((sortname|Ira|Murchison)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1956]] || Quarter-final 2 || 1956-11-23
|-
| 10.3 ||align=left|((sortname|Bobby Joe|Morrow)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1956]] || Semi-final 2 || 1956-11-24
|-
| 10.2 ||align=left|((sortname|Armin|Hary)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|FRG))
| [[Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1960]] || Quarter-final 2 || 1960-08-31
|-
| 10.2 ||align=left|((sortname|Armin|Hary)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|FRG))
| [[Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1960]] || Final || 1960-08-31
|-
| 10.0 =((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Bob|Hayes)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1964]] || Final || 1964-10-15
|-
| 10.0 ((AthAbbr|A)) ||align=left|((sortname|Hermes|Ramírez)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|CUB))
| [[Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1968]] || Quarter-final 2 || 1968-10-13
|-
| 10.0 ((AthAbbr|A)) ||align=left|((sortname|Charlie|Greene|Charles Greene (athlete))) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1968]] || Quarter-final 4 || 1968-10-13
|-
| 10.0 ((AthAbbr|A)) ||align=left|((sortname|Jim|Hines)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1968]] || Semi-final 1 || 1968-10-14
|-
| 9.9 ((AthAbbr|A)) =((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Jim|Hines)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1968]] || Final || 1968-10-14
|-
| 9.92 ((AthAbbr|WR))((ref label|nb3|nb3|nb3)) ||align=left|((sortname|Carl|Lewis)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1988]] || Final || 1988-09-24
|-
| 9.84 ((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Donovan|Bailey)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|CAN))
| [[Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1996]] || Final || 1996-07-27
|-
| 9.69 ((AthAbbr|WR))||align=left|((sortname|Usain|Bolt)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2008]] || Final || 2008-08-16
|-
| 9.63 ||align=left|((sortname|Usain|Bolt)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012]] || Final || 2012-08-05

|}

*((note label|nb3|nb3|nb3)) [[Carl Lewis]]'s time of 9.92 seconds in the 1988 Olympic final was initially second to [[Ben Johnson (Canadian sprinter)|Ben Johnson]]'s 9.79, but Johnson was disqualified soon after due to a failed drug test.<ref name=ORProg/>

=== Women ===
((see also|Women's 100 metres world record progression))
[[File:Wilma Rudolph 1960.jpg|thumb|[[Wilma Rudolph]]'s time of 11.3 in 1960 was an Olympic and world record time.]]
[[File:Irena Szewinska 2007 AB.jpg|thumb|[[Irena Szewińska]]'s time of 11.1 seconds stood as the Olympic record for one day.]]
[[File:Elaine Thompson Beijing 2015.jpg|thumb|In 2021, Elaine Thompson-Herah ran 10.61 s to break [[Florence Griffith Joyner]]'s 1988 Olympic record of 10.62 s.]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!Time
!Athlete
!Nation
!Games
!Round
!Date
|-
| 13.0 ||align=left|((sortname|Anni|Holdmann)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GER))
| [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1928]] || Heat 1 || 1928-07-30
|-
| 12.8 ||align=left|((sortname|Erna|Steinberg)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GER))
| [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1928]] || Heat 2 || 1928-07-30
|-
| 12.8 ||align=left|((sortname|Kinue|Hitomi)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|JPN))
| [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1928]] || Heat 3 || 1928-07-30
|-
| 12.8 ||align=left|((sortname|Leni|Junker)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GER))
| [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1928]] || Heat 4 || 1928-07-30
|-
| 12.8 ||align=left|((sortname|Leni|Schmidt)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GER))
| [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1928]] || Heat 6 || 1928-07-30
|-
| 12.6 ||align=left|((sortname|Fanny|Rosenfeld)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|CAN))
| [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1928]] || Heat 7 || 1928-07-30
|-
| 12.6 ||align=left|((sortname|Ethel|Smith|Ethel Smith (athlete))) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|CAN))
| [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1928]] || Heat 9 || 1928-07-30
|-
| 12.4 ||align=left|((sortname|Fanny|Rosenfeld)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|CAN))
| [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1928]] || Semi-final 1 || 1928-07-30
|-
| 12.4 ||align=left|((sortname|Betty|Robinson)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1928]] || Semi-final 2 || 1928-07-30
|-
| 12.2 ((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Betty|Robinson)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1928]] || Final || 1928-07-31
|-
| 12.2 ||align=left|((sortname|Marie|Dollinger)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GER))
| [[Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1932]] || Heat 1 || 1932-08-01
|-
| 11.9 ((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Stanisława|Walasiewicz)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|POL))
| [[Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1932]] || Heat 2 || 1932-08-01
|-
| 11.9 =((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Stanisława|Walasiewicz)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|POL))
| [[Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1932]] || Semi-final 2 || 1932-08-01
|-
| 11.9 =((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Stanisława|Walasiewicz)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|POL))
| [[Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1932]] || Final || 1932-08-02
|-
| 11.9 ||align=left|((sortname|Fanny|Blankers-Koen)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|NED))
| [[Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1948]] || Final || 1948-08-02
|-
| 11.9 ||align=left|((sortname|Catherine|Hardy)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1952]] || Heat 7 || 1952-07-21
|-
| 11.6 ||align=left|((sortname|Marjorie|Jackson)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|AUS))
| [[Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1952]] || Heat 8 || 1952-07-21
|-
| 11.6 ||align=left|((sortname|Marjorie|Jackson)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|AUS))
| [[Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1952]] || Quarter-final 1 || 1952-07-21
|-
| 11.5 =((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Marjorie|Jackson)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|AUS))
| [[Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1952]] || Semi-final 1 || 1952-07-22
|-
| 11.5 =((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Marjorie|Jackson)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|AUS))
| [[Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1952]] || Final || 1952-07-22
|-
| 11.5 ||align=left|((sortname|Marlene|Mathews)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|AUS))
| [[Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1956]] || Heat 2 || 1956-11-24
|-
| 11.4 ||align=left|((sortname|Betty|Cuthbert)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|AUS))
| [[Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1956]] || Heat 3 || 1956-11-24
|-
| 11.3 =((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Wilma|Rudolph)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1960]] || Semi-final 1 || 1960-09-02
|-
| 11.2 =((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Wyomia|Tyus)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1964]] || Quarter-final 1 || 1964-10-15
|-
| 11.2 ((AthAbbr|A)) ||align=left|((sortname|Wyomia|Tyus)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1968]] || Heat 1 || 1968-10-14
|-
| 11.2 ((AthAbbr|A)) ||align=left|((sortname|Margaret|Bailes)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1968]] || Heat 2 || 1968-10-14
|-
| 11.2 ((AthAbbr|A)) ||align=left|((sortname|Barbara|Ferrell)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1968]] || Heat 6 || 1968-10-14
|-
| 11.1 ((AthAbbr|A)) =((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Barbara|Ferrell)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1968]] || Quarter-final 1 || 1968-10-14
|-
| 11.1 ((AthAbbr|A)) =((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Irena|Szewińska-Kirszenstein)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|POL))
| [[Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1968]] || Quarter-final 4 || 1968-10-14
|-
| 11.0 ((AthAbbr|A)) ((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Wyomia|Tyus)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1968]] || Final || 1968-10-15
|-
| 11.07 ((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Renate|Stecher)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|GDR))
| [[Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1972]] || Quarter-final 1 || 1972-09-01
|-
| 11.05 ||align=left|((sortname|Annegret|Richter)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|FRG))
| [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1976]] || Quarter-final 1 || 1976-07-24
|-
| 11.01 ((AthAbbr|WR)) ||align=left|((sortname|Annegret|Richter)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|FRG))
| [[Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1976]] || Semi-final 1 || 1976-07-25
|-
| 10.97 ||align=left|((sortname|Evelyn|Ashford)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1984]] || Final || 1984-08-05
|-
| 10.88 ||align=left|((sortname|Florence|Griffith Joyner)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1988]] || Heat 7 || 1988-09-24
|-
| 10.88 ||align=left|((sortname|Evelyn|Ashford)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1988]] || Quarter-final 2 || 1988-09-24
|-
| 10.62 ||align=left|((sortname|Florence|Griffith Joyner)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1988]] || Quarter-final 3 || 1988-09-24
|-
| 10.61 ||align=left|((sortname|Elaine|Thompson-Herah)) ||align=left|((FlagIOCteam|JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2021]] || Final || 2021-07-31
|}

== Finishing times ==
The Olympic 100&nbsp;m is the most prestigious competition for the distance and it attracts elite level, international competitors. The winner of the race is occasionally referred to as "the world's fastest" man or woman, reflecting the high level of the competition and the quality of performances.<ref>Coffey, Wayne (2012-08-06). [http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/olympics-2012/jamaica-usain-bolt-retains-title-world-fastest-man-blows-field-win-100-meter-gold-9-63-seconds-article-1.1129537 Jamaica's Usain Bolt retains his title as world's fastest man as he blows past the field to win 100-meter gold in 9.63 seconds]. ''[[New York Daily News]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-04.</ref><ref name=NYTOly12>Longman, Jere (2012-08-05). [https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/06/sports/olympics/usain-bolt-of-jamaica-defends-gold-in-100-meters.html?_r=0 In Fastest Field Ever, the World's Fastest Man Proves It Again]. ''[[The New York Times]]''. Retrieved on 2014-02-04.</ref> ((As of|February 2014)), the current Olympic records of 9.63 for men and 10.62 seconds for women rank as the second and third fastest times in history, for men and women respectively.<ref name=Top100M>[http://www.iaaf.org/records/toplists/sprints/100-metres/outdoor/men/senior 100 Metres - men - senior - outdoor]. IAAF (2014-02-04). Retrieved on 2014-02-04.</ref><ref name=Top100W>[http://www.iaaf.org/records/toplists/sprints/100-metres/outdoor/women/senior 100 Metres - women - senior - outdoor]. IAAF (2014-02-04). Retrieved on 2014-02-04.</ref> The standard of performances at the Olympics has progressed in line with the discipline as a whole and the times in the final often rank highly in the end-of-season lists.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/records/toplists/sprints/100-metres/outdoor/men/senior/2012 100 Metres - men - senior - outdoor - 2012]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-04.</ref><ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/records/toplists/sprints/100-metres/outdoor/men/senior/2008 100 Metres - men - senior - outdoor - 2008]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-04.</ref><ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/records/toplists/sprints/100-metres/outdoor/men/senior/2004 100 Metres - men - senior - outdoor - 2004]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-04.</ref> [[National records in athletics|National records]] and personal bests are frequently improved at the event by sprinters from large and small nations alike, as most elite athletes aim to reach peak race fitness for the Olympics.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/competitions/olympic-games/the-xxx-olympic-games-4871/results/women/100-metres/heats/summary#resultheader Results The XXX Olympic Games GREAT BRITAIN & N.I. London, GREAT BRITAIN & N.I. 27 JUL 2012 - 12 AUG 2012 100 Metres - women Heats Summary]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-04.</ref><ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/competitions/olympic-games/the-xxx-olympic-games-4871/results/men/100-metres/heats/summary Results The XXX Olympic Games GREAT BRITAIN & N.I. London, GREAT BRITAIN & N.I. 27 JUL 2012 - 12 AUG 2012 100 Metres - men Heats Summary]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-04.</ref>

The [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012 men's final]] was the fastest 100&nbsp;m race in history, collectively: the top five men ran under 9.90 seconds for the first time ever and seven of the eight finalists ran [[10-second barrier|under 10 seconds]] (the last runner suffered an injury).<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/19137390 Usain Bolt wins Olympic 100m gold at London 2012]. BBC Sport (2012-08-05). Retrieved on 2014-02-04.</ref><ref>Martin, David (2012-08-05). [http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/london-2012-event-report-mens-100m-final London 2012 - Event Report - Men's 100m Final]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-02-04.</ref> [[Tyson Gay]] became the fastest non-medallist in history at that race with his time of 9.80 seconds.<ref name=Top100M/> Similarly, the [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2012 women's final]] was, collectively, the fastest women's 100&nbsp;m race ever: seven of the eight finalists ran 11 seconds or faster for the first time, with [[Veronica Campbell-Brown]] becoming the fastest ever bronze medallist with her time of 10.81 seconds and [[Tianna Madison]] becoming the fastest non-medallist with her time of 10.85 seconds.<ref name=Top100W/>

=== Top ten fastest Olympic times ===
((col-begin))
((col-2))
{| class=wikitable style="font-size:95%"
|+ Fastest men's times at the Olympics<ref name="alltime-athletics.com">((Cite web | url=http://www.alltime-athletics.com/m_100ok.htm |title = Men's 100m))</ref>
|-
!Rank
!Time (sec)
!Athlete
!Nation
!Games
!Date
|-
| 1 || 9.63|| [[Usain Bolt]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-05
|-
| 2 || 9.69 || [[Usain Bolt]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2008]] || 2008-08-16
|-
| 3 || 9.75 || [[Yohan Blake]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-05
|-
| 4 || 9.79 || [[Justin Gatlin]] || ((USA))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-05
|-
| 5|| 9.80 || [[Lamont Marcell Jacobs]] || ((ITA))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2020]] || 2021-08-01
|-
| 6 || 9.81 || [[Usain Bolt]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2016]] || 2016-08-14
|-
| 7 || 9.82 || [[Justin Gatlin]] || ((USA))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012]]<sup>SF</sup> || 2012-08-05
|-
| rowspan="2"|8
| rowspan="2"|9.83 ||[[Su Bingtian]] || ((CHN))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2020]]<sup>SF</sup> || 2021-08-01
|-
|| [[Ronnie Baker (athlete)|Ronnie Baker]] || ((USA))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2020]]<sup>SF</sup> || 2021-08-01
|-
| rowspan="3"|10
| rowspan="3"| 9.84 || [[Donovan Bailey]] || ((CAN))
| [[Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics - Men's 100 metres|1996]] || 1996-07-27
|-
| [[Fred Kerley]] || ((USA))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2020]] || 2021-08-01
|-
| [[Lamont Marcell Jacobs]] || ((ITA))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2020]]<sup>SF</sup> || 2021-08-01
|}
((col-2))
{| class=wikitable style="font-size:95%"
|+ Fastest women's times at the Olympics<ref name="ReferenceA">((Cite web | url=http://www.alltime-athletics.com/w_100ok.htm |title = Women's 100m))</ref>
|-
!Rank
!Time (sec)
!Athlete
!Nation
!Games
!Date
|-
| 1 ||10.61 || [[Elaine Thompson-Herah]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2020]] || 2021-07-31
|-
| 2 || 10.62 || [[Florence Griffith Joyner]] || ((USA))
| [[Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1988]]<sup>QF</sup> || 1988-07-16
|-
| 3 || 10.71 || [[Elaine Thompson]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2016]] || 2016-08-13
|-
| 4 || 10.73 || [[Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2020]]<sup>SF</sup>|| 2021-07-31
|-
| 5 || 10.74 || [[Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2020]] || 2021-07-31
|-
| 6 || 10.75 || [[Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-04
|-
| rowspan="2"|7
|rowspan="2"|10.76 || [[Shericka Jackson]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2020]] || 2021-07-31
|-
|| [[Elaine Thompson-Herah]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2020]]<sup>SF</sup> || 2021-07-31
|-
| rowspan="3"|9
| rowspan="3"|10.78 || [[Shelly-Ann Fraser]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2008]] || 2008-08-17
|-
| [[Carmelita Jeter]] || ((USA))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-04
|-
| [[Marie-Josee Ta Lou]] || ((CIV))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2020]]<sup>H</sup> || 2021-07-30
|}

((col-end))

* <sup>H</sup> – time recorded in the heats
* <sup>QF</sup> – time recorded in the quarter-finals
* <sup>SF</sup> – time recorded in the semi-finals

Note:
[[Florence Griffith-Joyner]] ran 10.54 (+3.0) and 10.70 (+2.6) in the finals and semifinals of the 100m at the 1988 Seoul Olympics, however, both were over the legal wind speed limit of +2.0&nbsp;m/s.

=== Best time for place ===
((col-begin))
((col-2))
{| class=wikitable style="font-size:95%"
|+ Fastest Men's times for place in an Olympic final<ref name="alltime-athletics.com"/>
|-
!Place
!Time
!Athlete
!Nation
!Games
!Date
|-
| 1 || 9.63 || [[Usain Bolt]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-05
|-
| 2 || 9.75 || [[Yohan Blake]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-05
|-
| 3 || 9.79 || [[Justin Gatlin]] || ((USA))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-05
|-
| 4 || 9.80 || [[Tyson Gay]] || ((USA))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-05
|-
| 5 || 9.88  || [[Ryan Bailey (athlete)|Ryan Bailey]] || ((USA))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-05
|-
| 6 || 9.94 || [[Churandy Martina]] || ((NED))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-05
|-
| 7 || 9.98 || [[Richard Thompson (athlete)|Richard Thompson]] || ((TRI))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-05
|-
| 8 || 10.03 || [[Darvis Patton]] || ((USA))
| [[Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2008]] || 2008-08-16
|}
((col-2))
{| class=wikitable style="font-size:95%"
|+ Fastest women's times for place in an Olympic final<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
|-
!Place
!Time
!Athlete
!Nation
!Games
!Date
|-
| 1 || 10.61 || [[Elaine Thompson-Herah]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2020]] || 2021-07-31
|-
| 2 || 10.74 || [[Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2020]] || 2021-07-31
|-
| 3 || 10.76 || [[Shericka Jackson]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2020]] || 2021-07-31
|-
| 4 || 10.85 || [[Tianna Madison]] || ((USA))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-04
|-
| 5 || 10.88 || [[Merlene Ottey]] || ((JAM))
| [[Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|1992]] || 1992-08-01
|-
| 6 || 10.92 || [[Michelle-Lee Ahye]] || ((TTO))
| [[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2016]] || 2016-08-13
|-
| 7 || 10.94 || [[English Gardner]] || ((USA))
| [[Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metres|2016]] || 2016-08-13
|-
| 8 || 11.01 || [[Blessing Okagbare]] || ((NGR))
| [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics - Women's 100 metres|2012]] || 2012-08-04
|}
((col-end))
* [[Florence Griffith-Joyner]] ran 10.54 to win the final of the 1988 Olympic Games, but the wind was over the legal limit (+3.0)

== Intercalated Games ==
The [[1906 Intercalated Games]] were held in [[Athens]] and at the time were officially recognised as part of the [[Olympic Games]] series, with the intention being to hold a games in Greece in two-year intervals between the internationally held Olympics. However, this plan never came to fruition and the [[International Olympic Committee]] (IOC) later decided not to recognise these games as part of the official Olympic series. Some sports historians continue to treat the results of these games as part of the Olympic canon.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417040614/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1906/ 1906 Athina Summer Games]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-01-26.</ref>

At this event a men's 100&nbsp;m was held and 1904 Olympic champion [[Archie Hahn]] of the United States won the race. Another American, [[Fay Moulton]], was the runner-up and Australian [[Nigel Barker (athlete)|Nigel Barker]] was the bronze medallist.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417094043/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1906/ATH/mens-100-metres.html Athletics at the 1906 Athina Summer Games: Men's 100 metres]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-01-26.</ref>

{| ((MedalistTable))
|-
|((OGMedalList|year=1906|place=Athens|sex=Men|event=100 metres|g=Archie Hahn|gn=USA|s=Fay Moulton|sn=USA|b=Nigel Barker (athlete)|bn=AUS))
|}

== Non-canonical Olympic events ==
In addition to the main [[Athletics at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|1900 Olympic men's 100 metres]], two further 100&nbsp;m events were held that year. A [[Handicapping|handicap]] race attracted 32 athletes from 10 countries and was won by [[Edmund Minahan]], an American semi-finalist in the main 100&nbsp;m competition, which had taken place five days earlier.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200227155019/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1900/ATH/mens-100-metres-handicap.html Athletics at the 1900 Paris Summer Games: Men's 100 metres, Handicap]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-03-22.</ref> A 100&nbsp;m event for [[Olympic Games#Amateurism and professionalism|professionals only]] was held several weeks later. Four entrants are known and the winner was [[Edgar Bredin]], a British former [[List of world records in athletics|world record]] holder.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200227155015/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1900/ATH/mens-100-metres-professionals.html Athletics at the 1900 Paris Summer Games: Men's 100 metres, Professionals]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-03-22.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417171604/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/summer/1896/ATH/mens-400-metres.html Athletics at the 1896 Athina Summer Games: Men's 400 metres]. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-03-22.</ref>

A 100&nbsp;m professionals handicap race is also believed to have been held in 1900. In 1904 a [[100-yard dash]] handicap race was contested and an American, C. Hastedt, was the victor.<ref name=GBROG>[http://www.gbrathletics.com/ic/ogm.htm Olympic Games (Men)]. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2014-03-22.</ref>

These events are no longer considered part of the official Olympic history of the 100&nbsp;m or the athletics programme in general. Consequently, medals from these races have not been assigned to nations on the [[All-time Olympic Games medal table|all-time medal tables]].<ref name=GBROG/>

== Cultural impact ==
[[File:Boltbeijing.jpg|thumb|[[Usain Bolt]]'s 2008 Olympic victory received global media coverage]]
The 100 metres is typically considered one of the [[blue ribbon]] Olympic [[track and field]] events, and of the Olympic Games as a whole.<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/news/sport/olympics/sports/athletics/ London 2012 Athletics] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140208083434/http://www.abc.net.au/news/sport/olympics/sports/athletics/ |date=8 February 2014 )). [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]. Retrieved on 2014-01-26.</ref> The Olympic 100&nbsp;m finals, particularly the men's, are among the most popular events from any sport at the Olympics – the [[Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|2012 Olympic men's 100 metres final]] was the most watched event at the London Games by British audiences (with 20 million television viewers)<ref>Plunkett, John (2012-08-13). [https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/aug/13/top-olympics-tv-events-ceremonies Top 10 Olympics TV events: opening and closing ceremonies dominate]. ''[[The Guardian]]''. Retrieved on 2014-01-26.</ref> while in the United States that event was the third-most viewed Olympic clip.<ref>[http://nbcsportsgrouppressbox.com/2012/08/14/ondon-olympics-on-nbc-is-most-watched-television-event-in-u-s-history/ London Olympics on NBC is Most-Watched Television Event in U.S. History ]. NBC Press Box (2012-08-14). Retrieved on 2014-01-26.</ref>

The high-profile nature of 100&nbsp;m Olympic finals in some countries has served to encourage participation in sport among the wider public, particularly in short sprinting. Successive generations of athletes cite previous 100&nbsp;m Olympic champions as the reason for their entering the sport.<ref>Whitney, Susan (1996-07-21). [http://www.deseretnews.com/article/502938/GRACE-AND-GLORY-GIVES-GIRLS-EXAMPLES-OF-GOLD.html?pg=all 'GRACE AND GLORY' GIVES GIRLS EXAMPLES OF GOLD]. ''Deseret News''. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> The history of the event has had particular impact for [[African-American]] athletes: [[Jesse Owens]]' Olympic 100&nbsp;m gold was an early example of a black American achieving success on an international stage while [[Wilma Rudolph]]'s 1960 win inspired many black American women.<ref>Harvey, Randy (1994-11-13). [http://articles.latimes.com/1994-11-13/news/mn-62263_1_wilma-rudolph Olympic Legend Wilma Rudolph Dies : Sports: Triple gold medalist who inspired a generation of women's track stars loses battle with brain cancer at 54.]. ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref><ref>Horton, Derrin (2013-02-15). [http://ktla.com/2013/02/15/la-dreamers-our-african-american-pioneers-wilma-rudolph/#axzz2ryd76ZDR LA Dreamers: Our African-American Pioneers – Wilma Rudolph]. KTLA5. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> Owens' 100&nbsp;m victory at the [[1936 Berlin Olympics]] (one of four gold medals he won over seven days at the games) helped challenge notions of [[white supremacy]] that were popular during that era.<ref>[http://www.olympic.org/jesse-owens Jesse Owens]. [[International Olympic Committee]]. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref><ref>((Cite web|date=2021-07-14|title=Jesse Owens and the greatest 45 minutes in sport|url=https://olympics.com/ioc/news/jesse-owens-and-the-greatest-45-minutes-in-sport|access-date=2021-08-25|website=International Olympic Committee|language=en))</ref>

[[1996 Summer Olympics|1996 Olympic]] [[Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|100 metre]] champion [[Donovan Bailey]] from [[Canada]] had his billing as "World's Fastest Man" questioned by the American media, who instead promoted 1996 Olympic [[Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's 200 metres|200 metre]] and [[Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres|400 metre]] champion [[Michael Johnson (athlete)|Michael Johnson]] from the [[United States]]. After much sparring between the two athletes and media of their respective countries, an [[Bailey–Johnson 150-metre race|unsanctioned 150-metre race]] was held at the [[SkyDome]] in [[Toronto]] to settle the matter, with Bailey winning while Johnson pulled up injured, and they earned $1.5 million and $500,000, respectively.

The Olympic 100 metres has been covered by several film documentaries. ''[[Chariots of Fire]]'', a 1981 historical drama focusing on [[Harold Abrahams]]' victory at the [[1924 Paris Olympics]], is among the most prominent. The film won four [[Academy Awards]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131229161932/http://www.nytimes.com/movies/movie/8929/Chariots-of-Fire/overview Chariots of Fire (1981)]. ''[[The New York Times]]''. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> is often listed among polls for the best sports and Olympics films.,<ref>[http://www.empireonline.com/features/50sportsmovies/default.asp?film=2 The 50 Greatest Sports Movies]. ''[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]]''. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref><ref>Mitchell, Houston (2012-02-20). [http://articles.latimes.com/2012/feb/20/sports/la-sp-sn-10-best-sports-movies-no-10-chariots-of-fire-20120220 The 10 best sports movies of all time, No. 10: 'Chariots of Fire']. ''Los Angeles Times''. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> and was ranked 19th in the [[British Film Institute]]'s [[BFI Top 100 British films|100 Best British Films]]<ref>[http://www.britishpictures.com/articles/BFI100.htm The BFI's 100 Best British Films]. British Pictures. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> Wilma Rudolph was a central figure in ''[[The Grand Olympics]]'' (((lang-it|La grande olimpiade))), an academy-Award nominated documentary about the [[1960 Rome Olympics]], where Rudolph's 100&nbsp;m feats earned her the nickname ''La Gazzella Negra'' (The Black Gazelle).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140306120503/http://www.nytimes.com/movies/movie/300287/La-Grande-Olimpiade/details La Grande Olimpiade (1961)]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref><ref>[http://www.sportsfeatures.com/olympicsnews/story/47316/rome-celebrates-50th-anniversary-of-hosting-the-1960-olympic-games Rome celebrates 50th anniversary of hosting the 1960 Olympic Games] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219215218/http://www.sportsfeatures.com/olympicsnews/story/47316/rome-celebrates-50th-anniversary-of-hosting-the-1960-olympic-games |date=19 February 2014 )). Sports Features (2010-08-24). Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> The 1988 Olympic final, featuring [[Ben Johnson (Canadian sprinter)|Ben Johnson]] and Carl Lewis has been the topic of documentaries, including [[ESPN]]'s "9.79*" from the ''[[30 for 30]]'' series,<ref>[http://espn.go.com/30for30/film?page=9.79 9.79*]. [[ESPN]]. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> as well as non-fiction books, such as [[Richard Moore (journalist)|Richard Moore]]'s ''The Dirtiest Race in History''.<ref name=Pye1>Pye, Steven (2013-10-21). [https://www.theguardian.com/sport/that-1980s-sports-blog/2013/oct/21/ben-johnson-carl-lewis-dirtiest-race-history Ben Johnson, Carl Lewis and the drama of the Dirtiest Race in History]. ''[[The Guardian]]''. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref>

Across the sport of track and field, Olympic 100&nbsp;m champions have often featured on [[Athlete of the Year]] lists. [[Carl Lewis]] (1984), Evelyn Ashford (1984), [[Florence Griffith-Joyner]] (1988), [[Usain Bolt]] (2008) and [[Elaine Thompson-Herah]] (2021) were chosen as ''[[Track & Field News Athlete of the Year]]'' in the year of their Olympic victories.<ref>[http://www.trackandfieldnews.com/archive/aoy.html History Of T&FN's Athletes Of The Year] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511100602/http://www.trackandfieldnews.com/archive/aoy.html |date=11 May 2011 )). ''[[Track and Field News]]''. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref> Lewis, Griffith-Joyner, Bolt and Thompson-Herah were also awarded the title of [[IAAF World Athlete of the Year]] for their Olympic feats.<ref>[http://www.iaaf.org/about-iaaf/foundation IAF Athletes of the Year]. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-01-31.</ref>

== See also ==
* [[100 metres at the World Championships in Athletics]]

== References ==
;Olympic record progressions
*Mallon, Bill (2012). [http://www.trackandfieldnews.com/images/stories/tfn_pdfs/2012_athletics_stats5.pdf TRACK & FIELD ATHLETICS - OLYMPIC RECORD PROGRESSIONS]((Dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes )). ''[[Track and Field News]]''. Retrieved on 2014-01-26.
;Specific
((Reflist|30em))

== External links ==
* [http://www.iaaf.org/disciplines/sprints/100-metres IAAF 100 metres homepage]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150705032224/http://www.olympic.org/ Official Olympics website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140202214025/http://www.trackandfieldnews.com/index.php/formcharts/13-lists/1291-olympic-track-a-field-athletics-the-records Olympic athletics records] from ''Track & Field News''

((Olympics100metres))
((History of Olympic athletics events))
((Use dmy dates|date=March 2017))

[[Category:100 metres at the Olympics| ]]
[[Category:100 metres|Olympics]]
[[Category:Athletics events at the Olympics|100 metres]]

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