This is a list of notable events in music that took place in 1555.

Events

• January 17 – Italian viol player and composer Peter Lupo joins the musicians' guild in London.
• January – Giovanni Animuccia succeeds Palestrina as maestro di cappella of the Cappella Giulia
• Palestrina succeeds Orlande de Lassus as maestro di cappella of the Basilica of Saint John Lateran in Rome.
• Composer Thomas Whythorne returns to England from travels in Italy and the rest of Europe. The book he writes about his travels is now lost.^[1]
• Lorenzo de' Medici orders a violin from Andrea Amati of Cremona.

Music

• Hermann Finck – Two wedding motets:
  • Amore flagrantissimo, for five voices
  • Pectus ut in sponso, for four voices

Publications

• Jacquet de Berchem – First book of madrigals for four voices (Venice: Girolamo Scotto)
• Pierre Cadéac – First book of motets for four, five, and six voices (Paris: Le Roy & Ballard)
• Pierre Certon – 50 Psalms for four voices (Paris: Le Roy & Ballard)
• Jhan Gero – Two books of motets (Venice: Girolamo Scotto)
• Claude Gervaise, ed. – Sixth book of dances for four instruments (Paris: Pierre Attaignant's widow)
• Claude Goudimel – Second book of psalms for four, five, and six voices (Paris)
• Francisco Guerrero – Motets for four and five voices (Seville: Martin de Montesdoca)
• Clément Janequin
  • First book of inventions musicales for five voices (Paris: Nicolas du Chemin)
  • Second book of inventions musicales (Paris: Nicolas du Chemin)
  • Second book of chansons et cantiques spirituels for four voices (Paris: Nicolas du Chemin)
• Orlande de Lassus
  • Fourth book for four voices (Antwerp: Tielman Susato), contains chansons, madrigals, villanelle, and motets, published in Italian and French
  • First book of madrigals for five voices (Venice: Antonio Gardano)
• Jean de Latre – Sixth book of chansons for four voices (Leuven: Pierre Phalèse)
• Jean l'Héritier – Motetti de la Fama for four voices (Venice: Girolamo Scotto)
• Vicente Lusitano – First book of motets for five, six, and eight voices (Rome: Valerio & Luigi Dorico)
• Jean Maillard – First book of motets for four, five, and six voices (Paris: Le Roy & Ballard)
• Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina – First book of secular madrigals for four voices
• Martin Peudargent
  • First book of motets for five voices (Dusseldorf: Jacob Bathenius)
  • Second book of motets for five voices (Dusseldorf: Jacob Bathenius for Arnold Birckmann)
• Dominique Phinot – First book of psalms for four voices (Venice: Antonio Gardano)
• Costanzo Porta
  • First book of madrigals for four voices (Venice: Antonio Gardano)
  • First book of motets for five voices (Venice: Antonio Gardano)
• Nicola Vicentino – L'antica musica ridotta alla moderna prattica ("Ancient Music Adapted to Modern Practice"), a treatise aimed at revising the chromatic and enharmonic genera of the ancient Greeks.
• Adrian Willaert – 'I sacri e santi salmi (Venice: Antonio Gardano), the first printed collection by a single composer of complete polyphonic office settings

Births

• February 25 – Alonso Lobo, Spanish composer (died 1617)
• June 11 – Lodovico Zacconi, composer and music theorist (died 1627)
• probable – Paolo Quagliati, composer of the Roman school (died 1628)

Deaths

• date unknown – Mads Hak, Danish composer
• probable – Jacob Clemens non Papa, Flemish composer (born c. 1510)