This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: "1745 in Canada" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

←

1745
in
Canada

→

Decades:

Part of a series on the
History of Canada
Benjamin West's The Death of General Wolfe
Timeline (list)
Pre-colonization 1534–1763 1764–1867 1867–1914 1914–1945 1945–1960 1960–1981 1982–present
Historically significant
Events Sites People
Topics
Agricultural Cultural Constitutional Economic Former colonies Immigration Indigenous Medicine Military Monarchical Population Sports Religion Territorial evolution Women
By provinces and territories
Alberta British Columbia Manitoba New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador Nunavut Northwest Territories Nova Scotia Ontario Prince Edward Island Quebec Saskatchewan Yukon
Cities
Brampton Charlottetown Edmonton Fredericton Halifax Hamilton Lethbridge Markham Moncton Montreal Northwest Territories capital cities Ottawa Quebec City Saint John Regina Richmond Hill Saskatoon Toronto Vancouver Winnipeg (Name etymologies)
Research
Bibliography Historiography Historians Surveys
Canada portal
v t e

Incumbents

Governors

Events

16 June 1745 - After a six-week siege, the French fort of Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island falls to the British colonial forces from New England organized by Governor William Shirley. This intensifies hostilities in what is known as King George's War, an extension of the European War of the Austrian Succession. The English go on to make new conquests from the French in the West Indies.

Births

Samuel Hearne, explorer, fur-trader, author, and naturalist (died 1792)

Deaths

This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (December 2010)

Historical documents

Pamphlet (written in January 1745) argues that Île-Royale must be captured to protect valuable fishery in Newfoundland^[3]

Rising British Army officer says few provisions, little gunpowder, poor discipline and leadership, and exposed defences make Louisbourg vulnerable^[4]

Massachusetts government moves (relatively) quickly to mount military expedition to take Louisbourg and Île-Royale^[5]

Siege of Louisbourg ends with French defenders and British invaders agreeing to capitulation and transfer of French to France at British expense^[6]

Governor William Shirley sends report and journal of Louisbourg siege, including details of soldiers' extremely heavy labour^[7]

"God fought for us" - Sermon crediting Providence for so many advantages of preparation, execution and luck leading to fall of Louisbourg^[8]

Photo: Monument erected by Society of Colonial Wars to the memory of New England soldiers killed at Louisbourg during siege of 1745^[9]

During siege, whaleboats were loaded with ladders and 500 soldiers and marines to take Louisbourg's Island Battery, but fog prevented attempt^[10]

"After a Dance this Day, they fell upon him" - Report of torture killing of British soldier captured near Louisbourg^[11]

"The Inhabitants were strangely surpris'd" - fire ship loaded with gunpowder used to damage King's Gate and other structures in Louisbourg^[12]

"A great deal of ill usage" - Reports of local Indigenous people being abused by British authorities after siege (Note: "savages" used)^[13]

Loss of Louisbourg eliminates France's benefit from rich North American fishery trade to Catholic Europe (Note: "savages" used)^[14]

Nova Scotia Council president Mascarene assures Acadians that none who are of mixed European and Indigenous origin will be scalped^[15]

Acadians supplying provisions to occupied Louisbourg threatened by its local Indigenous people, but those in Nova Scotia want peace^[16]

Council advised from Chignecto that Jean-Louis Le Loutre has arrived there from Quebec "with presents for the Indians"^[17]

Mascarene sternly cautions Acadians for seeking Le Loutre's permission to supply Annapolis, and then letting "11 or 12 Indians" stop them^[18]

Uncooperative and hostile actions of Acadians (listed from 1710) make them, if not "utter Enemies," then "unprofitable Inhabitants"^[19]

Quebec leaders report almost all Acadians desire "French Dominion" while amassing money as "a resource for an evil day"^[20]

Joseph Robson investigates lower Nelson River for its usefulness to Hudson's Bay Company^[21]

Joseph Robson's argument for building Hudson's Bay Company forts of stone, not wood^[22]

Map of New France covers from Grand Banks to Pays d'en Haut to Baffin Bay^[23]

English translation of Alain-René Lesage's fictionalized version of Canadian soldier/adventurer Beauchêne's exploits is published in London^[24]

References

^ Guéganic (2008), p. 13.
^ "George I". Official web site of the British monarchy. 30 December 2015. Retrieved 18 April 2016.
^ Considerations on the State of the British Fisheries in America (1745). Accessed 14 October 2021
^ Bradstreet account Louisbourg Journals, 1745 (1932), pgs. 171-8. Accessed 18 October 2021
^ "About the Middle of January 1744/5" Memoirs of the Principal Transactions of the Last War between the English and French in North America (1757), pgs. 35-40. Accessed 14 October 2021
^ James Gibson, "Saturday 15" and "Sunday 16 [June]," A Journal of the Late Siege[...]against The French at Cape Breton[....] (1745), pgs. 34-5. (Surrender ceremony is held "with all the Decency and Decorum imaginable," but on arrival in France, British are imprisoned and mistreated) Accessed 14 October 2021
^ A Letter from William Shirley, Esq.(...)to his Grace the Duke of Newcastle(....) (1746), pgs. 8 and 23-4. (See soldiers' "Hardships and Dangers" linked to Bible verses in thanksgiving sermon) Accessed 14 October 2021
^ Charles Chauncy, "I scarce know of a Conquest" Marvellous Things Done by the Right Hand and Holy Arm of God[....] (1745), pgs. 12-19. Accessed 14 October 2021
^ Postcard (20th century), Centre des études acadiennes; McCord Museum. Accessed 18 October 2021
^ James Gibson, "Thursday 23 [May]," A Journal of the Late Siege[...]against The French at Cape Breton[....] (1745), pg. 20. (Four days later, assault on Island Battery fails) Accessed 14 October 2021
^ James Gibson, "Sunday 26 [May]," A Journal of the Late Siege[...]against The French at Cape Breton[....] (1745), pgs. 22-3. Accessed 14 October 2021
^ James Gibson, "Dedication" (July 3, 1745), A Journal of the Late Siege[...]against The French at Cape Breton[....] (1745), pgs. vi-vii Accessed 13 October 2021
^ "In the month of July, 1745" An Account of the Customs and Manners of the Micmakis and Maricheets[....] (1758), pgs. 64-6. Accessed 14 October 2021
^ "A Computation of the French Fishery(...) An Accurate Journal and Account of the Proceedings of the New-England Land-Forces During the Late Expedition Against the French Settlements on Cape Breton[....] (1746), pgs. 27-40. Accessed 15 October 2021
^ Counsel meeting (January 4, 1745), Nova Scotia Archives; Minutes of H.M. Council, 1736-1749, pgs. 54-6. Accessed 15 October 2021
^ Council meeting (August 20, 1745), Nova Scotia Archives; Minutes of H.M. Council, 1736-1749, pgs. 76-7. (See peace proposals) Accessed 18 October 2021
^ Counsel meeting (October 28, 1745), Nova Scotia Archives; Minutes of H.M. Council, 1736-1749, pg. 79. (See minutes of next meeting (same page) for details) Accessed 18 October 2021
^ "Govr. Mascarene to Deputies of Mines" (October 28, 1745), Nova Scotia Documents; Acadian French, pgs. 160-1. Accessed 18 October 2021
^ "Representation of the State of His Majesties Province of Nova Scotia" (November 8, 1745), Nova Scotia Archives; Minutes of H.M. Council, 1736-1749, pgs. 80-4. Accessed 18 October 2021
^ "From a letter of Messrs. DeBeauharnois and Hocquart to Count DeMaurepas" (September 12, 1745), Nova Scotia Documents; Acadian French, pgs. 157-8. Accessed 18 October 2021
^ Joseph Robson, "In this interval of leisure" An Account of Six Years Residence in Hudson's-Bay (1759), pgs. 24-6. (See details in "The Soundings of Nelson-River") Accessed 19 October 2021
^ Joseph Robson, "In the year 1745 I wrote a letter to the Company" An Account of Six Years Residence in Hudson's-Bay (1759), pgs. 32-4. Accessed 19 October 2021
^ Guillaume de L'Isle, "Carte du Canada ou de la Nouvelle France et des Découvertes qui y ont été faites Dressée sur plusieurs Observations et sur un grand nombre de Relations imprimées ou manuscrites, 1745" McCord Museum. Accessed 18 October 2021
^ The Adventures of Robert Chevalier, Call'd De Beauchene; Captain of a Privateer in New-France (1745). Accessed 4 October 2021

v t e List of years in Canada
Pre-Confederation Prehistory–1866	Prehistory to 1 BC 1st millennium 1000s 1100s 1400s 1500s 1600s 1610s 1620s 1630s 1640s 1650s 1660s 1670s 1680s 1690s 1700 1701 1702 1703 1704 1705 1706 1707 1708 1709 1710 1711 1712 1713 1714 1715 1716 1717 1718 1719 1720 1721 1722 1723 1724 1725 1726 1727 1728 1729 1730 1731 1732 1733 1734 1735 1736 1737 1738 1739 1740 1741 1742 1743 1744 1745 1746 1747 1748 1749 1750 1751 1752 1753 1754 1755 1756 1757 1758 1759 1760 1761 1762 1763 1764 1765 1766 1767 1768 1769 1770 1771 1772 1773 1774 1775 1776 1777 1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 1783 1784 1785 1786 1787 1788 1789 1790 1791 1792 1793 1794 1795 1796 1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866
Post-Confederation 1867–present	1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Quebec	1608 1609 1610 1611 1612 1613 1614 1615 1616 1617 1618 1635
Canadian electoral calendars	2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Related	List of Canadian monarchs List of governors general of Canada List of prime ministers of Canada Population of Canada by year Timeline
Research	Bibliography Historiography
Category Canada portal

v t e History of Canada
Year list (Timeline)	18000 BCE–1500 CE 1534–1763 1763–1867 1867–1914 1914–1945 1945–1960 1960–1981 1982–present
Topics	Canadians - (Persons of significance) Constitutional Crown and Indigenous peoples Cultural Economic Etymology Events of significance Former colonies and territories Heritage Minutes Historic Sites Immigration Chinese immigration Military Conflicts Operations Peacekeeping Victories Monarchical Population history Sports Territorial evolution Women
Provinces and territories	Alberta British Columbia Manitoba Ontario New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador Northwest Territories Nova Scotia Nunavut Quebec Prince Edward Island Saskatchewan Yukon (Name etymologies)
Cities	Brampton Charlottetown Edmonton Fredericton Halifax Hamilton Lethbridge Markham Moncton Montreal Northwest Territories capital cities Ottawa Quebec City Saint John Regina Richmond Hill Saskatoon Toronto Vancouver Winnipeg (Name etymologies)
Research	Bibliography Historiography Historians Surveys
Category Canada portal

v t e 1745 in North America
Sovereign states	Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Belize Canada Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago United States
Dependencies and other territories	Anguilla Aruba Bermuda Bonaire British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Curaçao Greenland Guadeloupe Martinique Montserrat Puerto Rico Saint Barthélemy Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saba Sint Eustatius Sint Maarten Turks and Caicos Islands United States Virgin Islands