Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.^[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1845.

Plesiosaurs

New taxa

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

Name	Status	Authors	Age	Location	Notes	Images
Dicynodon	Valid	Owen	255 Million years ago.	Brazil  South Africa  Tanzania  Zambia

Mammals

Name	Authors	Age	Location	Notes	Images
Coryphodon	Owen	52 Million years ago.	Belgium  Canada ( Northwest Territories)  China  France  UK  USA ( Alabama,  Colorado,  Mississippi,  Montana,  New Mexico,  North Dakota,  Texas,  Utah and  Wyoming)	A hippo-like mammal.