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1876
in
Canada

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Decades:

Part of a series on the
History of Canada
Benjamin West's The Death of General Wolfe
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v t e

Incumbents

Crown

Monarch – Victoria^[1]

Federal government

Governor General – Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood
Prime Minister – Alexander Mackenzie
Chief Justice – William Buell Richards (Ontario)
Parliament – 3rd

Provincial governments

Lieutenant governors

Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia – Joseph Trutch (until June 27) then Albert Norton Richards
Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba – Alexander Morris
Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – Samuel Leonard Tilley
Lieutenant Governor of the North-West Territories – David Laird (from October 7)
Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Adams George Archibald
Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – Donald Alexander Macdonald
Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – Robert Hodgson
Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – René-Édouard Caron (until December 13) then Luc Letellier de St-Just (from December 15)

Premiers

Premier of British Columbia – George Anthony Walkem (until February 1) then Andrew Charles Elliott
Premier of Manitoba – Robert Atkinson Davis
Premier of New Brunswick – George Edwin King
Premier of Nova Scotia – Philip Carteret Hill
Premier of Ontario – Oliver Mowat
Premier of Prince Edward Island – Lemuel Cambridge Owen (until August 1) then Louis Henry Davies
Premier of Quebec – Charles Boucher de Boucherville

Territorial governments

Lieutenant governors

Lieutenant Governor of Keewatin – Alexander Morris (from October 7)
Lieutenant Governor of the Northwest Territories – Alexander Morris then David Laird

Events

January 1 – The building of Fredericton City Hall is completed
February 1 – Andrew Elliott becomes premier of British Columbia, replacing George Walkem
April 12 - The Indian Act is passed. Consolidating and expanding on existing Canadian laws, it defines the special status and land regulations of Aboriginal peoples in Canada who live on reserves; status Indians have no vote in Canadian elections and are exempt from taxes
July 1 – The Intercolonial Railway connecting central Canada to the Maritimes is completed
August – Sir Louis Henry Davies becomes Premier of Prince Edward Island, replacing Lemuel Cambridge Owen
August 10 – The world's first long-distance phone call connects the Bell residence with a shoe and boot store in nearby Paris, Ontario.
August 23 – The first signings of Treaty 6. Further signings will be on August 28 and September 9.
October 7 – The District of Keewatin (incorporating the disputed area between Ontario and Manitoba) is separated from the North-West Territories.
October 10 – 1876 Prince Edward Island election: Lemuel Cambridge Owen's Conservatives win a second consecutive majority

Full date unknown

The Toronto Women's Literary Club is founded as a front for the suffrage movement.
The Legislative Council of Manitoba is abolished, and the legislature becomes unicameral.

Sport

September 20 – The Ottawa Football Club (Ottawa Rough Riders) is established.

Births

January to June

January 8 – Matthew Robert Blake, politician (died 1937)
January 21 – James Charles Brady, politician (died 1962)
January 27 – Frank S. Cahill, politician (died 1934)
April 3 – Margaret Anglin, actress, director and producer (died 1958)
April 21 – William Henry Wright, prospector and newspaper owner (died 1951)
June 17 – Thomas Crerar, politician and Minister (died 1975)

July to December

August 23 – William Melville Martin, politician and Premier of Saskatchewan (died 1970)
September 6 – John Macleod, physician, physiologist and Nobel laureate (died 1935)
October 6 – Ernest Lapointe, politician (died 1941)
November 18 – Walter Seymour Allward, sculptor (died 1955)
December 9 – Berton Churchill, actor (died 1940)

Deaths

February 4 – Charles-Séraphin Rodier, mayor of Montreal (born 1797)
February 5 – George Ryan, politician (born 1806)
April 5 – Élisabeth Bruyère, nun (born 1818)
June 1 – Malcolm Cameron, businessman and politician (born 1808)
July 3 – Aldis Bernard, mayor of Montreal (born 1810)
July 27 – Thomas-Louis Connolly, Archbishop of Halifax (born 1814)
October 2 – Louis-Ovide Brunet, priest and botanist (born 1826)
October 6 – John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar, Governor General (born 1807)
December 13 – René-Édouard Caron, 2 Mayor of Quebec City and 2nd Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec (born 1800)

Full date unknown

Edward Feild, Church of England clergyman, inspector of schools, bishop of Newfoundland (born 1801)
Wilson Ruffin Abbott, businessman and landowner (born 1801)

Historical documents

Bell's Ontario experiments lead to the first long-distance telephone conversation^[2]

Treaty 6 annexes land of Cree and other nations in exchange for reserves subject to sale or development, plus money and supplies^[3]

Mark Twain's anger at a Canadian firm publishing The Adventures of Tom Sawyer without permission^[4]

Emigrant's guide written especially for "people of small fortune"^[5]

References

^ "Queen Victoria | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
^ Alexander Graham Bell, "First Transmission of Speech over a Telegraph Line in Brantford, August 1876" The Pre-Commercial Period of the Telephone (1911), pgs. 14-16. Accessed 16 September 2018
^ "The Treaty at Forts Carlton and Pitt, Number Six" (September 9, 1876), Voices of the Plains Cree (1973, 1995), pgs. 124-9. Accessed 23 June 2021
^ Samuel Langhorne Clemens, "To Moncure D. Conway, 2 November 1876, Hartford, Conn." Mark Twain Project. Accessed 16 September 2018
^ John J. Rowan, The Emigrant and Sportsman in Canada; Some Experiences of an Old Country Settler (1876). Accessed 23 April 2020

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v t e History of Canada
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v t e List of years in Canada
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Post-Confederation 1867–present	1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
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v t e 1876 in North America
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