The 1945 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1945, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the international date line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1945 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions in this basin have the "W" suffix added to their number. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names.
A small, yet powerful typhoon, Connie, was first spotted on June 1 by the Weather Central Guam, moving northeast. Winds were reported to have been as high as 140 mph. But by June 7, it began to weaken. Its final fate is unknown. The U.S. Navy's Third Fleet was hit by Connie. The same fleet had previously been hit, with great loss of life, by Typhoon Cobra, in 1944. Connie being lesser, only one officer and five USN men were lost or killed because of Connie, and around 150 airplanes on its carriers were either lost or damaged.
Typhoon Helen formed on August 29. It moved west-northwest and strengthened into a category 3 typhoon with 120 mph winds. It weakened slightly to a category two and struck Taiwan. It briefly was over waters before it hit China as a tropical storm. It dissipated on September 4.
Typhoon Ursula
This typhoon is especially remembered for the 6 aircraft containing liberated prisoners of war brought down by the typhoon between Okinawa and Manila. Over 120 servicemen lost their lives. It is the single greatest loss of life in an aviation disaster during peacetime. [citation needed]
In Japan, Typhoon Ida is called Makurazaki Typhoon. The sea-level pressure was observed 916.1 hPa (27.05 inHg) in Makurazaki,[1] more than 2,000 people were killed in Hiroshima Prefecture.[2]
Louise was first seen developing on October 2, 1945, in the Caroline Islands. It unexpectedly veered north and slowed down, only to intensify as it passed over Okinawa on October 9 with 90 mph wind gusts and a minimum central pressure of 968.5 mbar. Shortly after, Louise began to weaken, and hit Japan as a strong tropical storm. The tropical cyclone became extratropical shortly after on October 12. In Okinawa, 36 people died, 47 people were reported missing, and 100 people were seriously injured. In Buckner Bay, the US military were occupying a temporary base. 30 ft (9.1 m)–35 ft (11 m) waves were reported to have crashed ashore, tearing into their Quonset huts and other building. The Bay was being used as port for the US military. Fifteen merchant cargo ships were grounded, with a few unrecoverable. 3 US Navy Destroyers were grounded beyond salvage, and over 200 various other US military boats, including 6 tank and truck amphibious landing craft, a number of special purpose boats, patrol boats, and amphibious landing craft were grounded or severely damaged, and beyond. Eighty percent of the buildings in the bay were completely wiped out while all 60 airplanes at the local airports were damaged.[3]
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