← 1948 1947 1946 1949 in the Soviet Union → 1950 1951 1952
Decades:	1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s
See also:	History of the Soviet Union List of years in the Soviet Union

The following lists events that happened during 1949 in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Incumbents

• General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union – Joseph Stalin
• Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union – Nikolay Shvernik
• Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union – Joseph Stalin

Events

January

• 25 January – The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA or COMECON) is established by the Soviet Union and other communist nations.
• c. 29 January – Stalin and antisemitism: The Soviet media resume a savage propaganda campaign against "rootless cosmopolitans", a euphemism for Soviet Jews, accusing them of being pro-Western and antisocialist

March

• 25–28 March – Operation Priboi

May

• 12 May – Cold War: The Soviet Union lifts the Berlin Blockade

July

• 10 July – 1949 Khait earthquake

August

• 29 August – The atomic bomb RDS-1 is exploded in the first Soviet nuclear test

September

• 13 September – The Soviet Union vetoes United Nations membership for Ceylon, Finland, Iceland, Italy, Jordan and Portugal

October

• 2 October – The Soviet Union recognizes the People's Republic of China, proclaimed on the previous day

November

• 7 November – Oil is discovered beneath the Caspian Sea, off the coast of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic

December

• 21 December – Joseph Stalin's 70th Birthday is celebrated in Moscow
• 25–31 December – Khabarovsk War Crime Trials

Births

• 29 January – Evgeny Lovchev, footballer
• 25 February – Viktor Klimenko, Olympic gymnast
• 26 February – Viktor Ulyanich, boxer
• 17 March – Pavel Palazhchenko, interpreter
• 12 June – Yuri Baturin, cosmonaut
• 3 July – Aleksandr Salnikov, basketball player
• 3 August – Valeri Vasiliev, hockey player
• 18 September – Gennady Komnatov, cyclist
• 23 September – Elena Guskova, historian
• 2 October – Alexander Aksinin, painter
• 28 October – Volodymyr Onyshchenko, footballer
• 21 November
  • Elena Mikhailovskaya, female draughts player
  • Anatoliy Kuksov, footballer
• 23 November – Viktor Poganovsky, Olympic equestrian