← 1956 1955 1954 1957 in the Soviet Union → 1958 1959 1960
Decades:	1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s
See also:	History of the Soviet Union List of years in the Soviet Union

The following lists events that happened during 1957 in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Incumbents

• First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union – Nikita Khrushchev
• Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union – Kliment Voroshilov
• Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union – Nikolai Bulganin

Events

• 1957 Soviet nuclear tests
• Doctor Zhivago (novel) is published in Italy by Boris Pasternak after being rejected by Soviet censors.

May

• May – The Anti-Party Group attempts to overthrow Nikita Khrushchev.

July

• 28 July – The 6th World Festival of Youth and Students is opened.^{[citation needed]}

September

• 26 September – Soviet submarine M-256 sinks after one of its diesel engines explodes.
• 29 September – Kyshtym disaster

October

• 4 October – Sputnik 1, the first artificial Earth satellite, is launched.

November

• November – The 3rd Soviet Antarctic Expedition arrives in Antarctica.
• 7 November – The dog Laika becomes the first animal to orbit the Earth when Sputnik 2 is launched.

Births

• 16 January – Andris Skele, Prime Minister of Latvia (1995-1997,1999-2000)
• 27 February – Viktor Markin, athlete
• 14 April – Mikhail Pletnev, pianist
• 10 June – Gediminas Vagnorius, Prime Minister of Lithuania (1991-1992,1996-1999)
• 29 June – Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, President of Turkmenistan (2006-2022)
• 24 July – Shavkat Mirziyoyev, President of Uzbekistan
• 4 October – Aleksandr Tkachyov, gymnast
• 16 October – Guntars Krasts, Prime Minister of Latvia (1997-1998)
• 28 October – Panah Huseyn, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (1993)
• 3 December – Maxim Korobov, politician
• 8 December – Mikhail Kasyanov, Prime Minister of Russia (2000-2004)
• 28 December – Dumitru Braghis, Prime Minister of Moldova (1999-2001)

Deaths

• 6 January – Amvrosy Buchma, actor (born 1891)
• 20 February – Vyacheslav Malyshev, statesman (born 1902)
• 1 March – Sergey Zhuk, hydraulic engineer (born 1892)
• 9 March – Vasily Larin, general (born 1908)
• 15 April – Yevgeny Tuchkov, state security officer (born 1892)
• 9 July – Alexander Fyodorovich Gedike, composer (born 1877)
• 15 July – Vasily Maklakov, politician (born 1869)
• 9 November – Grigory Arutinov, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Armenia (born 1900)