Events

March 25 - French President Charles De Gaulle opened his first presidential press conference with a statement that France supported German reunification "as the aim and normal destiny of the German people. provided that [they] do not question their present frontiers to the west, east, north or south." "Germany today is not a danger to us," said De Gaulle as he announced a new relationship with his World War II adversary^[1]

May 5 – The United States signed an agreement with West Germany, to share classified information about American nuclear weapons and to train German personnel in the operation of those weapons.^[2]
May 27 - Nikita Khrushchev's ultimatum for action on Berlin expired. The Soviet premier had notified the Western powers on November 27, 1958, that if occupying armies were not withdrawn from West Berlin within six months, access through East Germany to the city would be closed off. The Geneva talks that began on May 11 halted action on the ultimatum. The late U.S. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles, who had said in 1958, "We are not afraid of May 27, 1959", was buried on that date, and the participants in the Geneva talks, including Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko, attended the ceremonies at Arlington.^[3]

June 10 – A month after withdrawing a six-month ultimatum for the Western powers to withdraw from Berlin, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev issued a new deadline when talks broke down in Geneva. Khrushchev demanded that the U.S., Britain, and France withdraw their armies from West Berlin by June 10, 1960. The ultimatum was withdrawn on September 27 when Khrushchev met with President Eisenhower at Camp David.^[4]

October 15 – Ukrainian nationalist Stepan Bandera was murdered by a KGB agent Bogdan Stashinsky in Munich. The weapon was a gun that fired hydrogen cyanide gas into Bandera's face. Stashinsky, who had killed newspaperman Lev Rebet in the same manner in 1957, swallowed an antidote, and escaped.^[5]

November 11 – Werner Heyde, a psychiatrist who had guided the euthanizing of more than 100,000 handicapped persons in Nazi Germany, surrendered to police in Frankfurt after 13 years as a fugitive. As director of the Reich Association of Hospitals, Dr. Heyde had carried out "Action T4". Men, women and children who were mentally or physically handicapped were the victims of Heyde's "mercy killing" from 1939 to 1942, usually by lethal injection. Sentenced in absentia to death, Heyde had been practicing in Flensburg as "Dr. Fritz Sawade". On February 13, 1964, five days before his trial was to start, Dr. Heyde hanged himself at the prison in Butzbach.^[6]
November 25 – The first Bilateral Investment Treaty in history was signed between West Germany and Pakistan. BITs govern the terms of private investment between companies in the two nations, including provisions for arbitration of disputes.^[7]

December 13 – Two apartment houses in a suburb of Dortmund were levelled by an explosion at 3:12 a.m.. Of 34 people in the Aplerbeck buildings, 26 were killed.^[8]

Births

^ F. Roy Willis, France, Germany and the New Europe 1945–1963 (Stanford University Press), pp295–96
^ Nuclear Shadowboxing: Cold War Redux (DeVolpi, Inc., 2004), pI-13
^ Derek Leebaert, The Fifty-Year Wound: The True Price of America's Cold War Victory (Back Bay, 2002), p 235
^ Eric Herring (1995). Danger and Opportunity: Explaining International Crisis Outcomes. Manchester University Press. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-7190-4293-5.
^ Joseph J. Trento, The Secret History of the CIA (Carroll & Graf, 2005), p180
^ "Heyde, Werner", in Who's Who in Nazi Germany (Routledge, 2001), p 107
^ "International Investment", in Research Handbook in International Economic Law (E. Elgar, 2007), p215
^ The Post-Standard (Syracuse), December 14, 1959, p1

1959 in Europe

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