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| See also: | Other events of 1988 List of years in Bangladesh | ||||
1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1988th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 988th year of the 2nd millennium, the 88th year of the 20th century, and the 9th year of the 1980s decade.
The year 1988 was the 17th year after the independence of Bangladesh. It was also the seventh year of the Government of Hussain Muhammad Ershad.
| Population, total | 98,186,350 |
| Population density (per km2) | 754.3 |
| Population growth (annual %) | 2.6% |
| Male to Female Ratio (every 100 Female) | 106.7 |
| Urban population (% of total) | 18.9% |
| Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) | 37.0 |
| Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) | 11.2 |
| Mortality rate, under 5 (per 1,000 live births) | 156 |
| Life expectancy at birth, total (years) | 57.0 |
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 4.9 |
| Climate data for Bangladesh in 1988 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 19.5 (67.1) |
21.7 (71.1) |
25.1 (77.2) |
28.2 (82.8) |
28. (82) |
28. (82) |
28.1 (82.6) |
28.3 (82.9) |
28.7 (83.7) |
27.5 (81.5) |
24.4 (75.9) |
21.1 (70.0) |
25.7 (78.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1. (0.0) |
30.7 (1.21) |
71.2 (2.80) |
211. (8.3) |
417.6 (16.44) |
535.6 (21.09) |
574.9 (22.63) |
523.7 (20.62) |
300.7 (11.84) |
160.5 (6.32) |
92.4 (3.64) |
16.4 (0.65) |
2,935.9 (115.59) |
| Source: Climatic Research Unit (CRU) of University of East Anglia (UEA)[2] | |||||||||||||
Bangladesh experienced heavy rain and flooding in the last two weeks of August. By the first week of September the situation further deteriorated. Nearly 25 million people were rendered homeless and official death toll exceeded 500. About 30,000 km of roads were partially destroyed and rice crop on 3.5 million hectares was destroyed or damaged. The situation started to improve in late September, but people rendered homeless due to the flood continued to struggle. Different countries including Australia, Denmark, United Kingdom, Japan, Ireland, Canada, Norway, Sweden, Belgium, India, Iraq, Kuwait, Nederlands, Turkey, France, Pakistan, Qatar, KSA and United States as well as agencies including UNDRO, WHO, UNDP, EEC, Caritas, SCF-US, World Vision, LRCS, CCDB, Red Cross, WFP joined the Bangladesh Government in the relief operations.[3]
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Main article: 1988 Bangladesh cyclone |
The 1988 Bangladesh cyclone (designated as Tropical Cyclone 04B by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center) was one of the worst tropical cyclones in Bangladeshi history. Striking in November 1988, the tropical system exacerbated the catastrophic damage from what was then considered the worst floods in Bangladesh's history. The tropical cyclone originated from a disturbance that developed within the Strait of Malacca on 21 November. Tracking slowly westward, the initial tropical depression reached tropical storm status in the Andaman Sea. On 26 November, the storm reached an intensity equivalent to that of a modern-day severe cyclonic storm and subsequently turned northward. Gradually intensifying as it had previously, the tropical cyclone reached peak intensity with winds of 125 mph (200 km/h) as it was making landfall near the Bangladesh-West Bengal border on 29 November. Although the storm retained strong winds well inland, it was last monitored over central Bangladesh as a moderate cyclonic storm-equivalent on 30 November.
The brunt of the tropical cyclone's damage was inflicted upon coastal areas of Bangladesh and West Bengal. A total of 6,240 people were killed as a result of the storm, with 5,708 in Bangladesh and 538 in West Bengal. Many of the deaths were a result of the destruction of homes or electrocution after strong winds toppled power poles across the region. Along the coast of Bangladesh, strong storm surge caused heavy infrastructure damage and contributed in wiping out an estimated 70% of all harvestable Bangladeshi crops, with an estimated 200,000 tonnes (220,000 tons) of crops being lost. Widespread power outages cut telecommunications across Bangladesh; in Dhaka, Bangladesh's capital city, debris-laden streets paralyzed traffic while electrical outages caused water shortages.
| National Income | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Current US$ | Current BDT | % of GDP | |
| GDP | $26.6 billion | BDT829.3 billion | |
| GDP growth (annual %) | 2.4% | ||
| GDP per capita | $270.7 | BDT8,446 | |
| Agriculture, value added | $8.3 billion | BDT259.7 billion | 31.3% |
| Industry, value added | $5.3 billion | BDT165.3 billion | 19.9% |
| Services, etc., value added | $12.3 billion | BDT384.7 billion | 46.4% |
| Balance of Payment | |||
| Current US$ | Current BDT | % of GDP | |
| Current account balance | -$272.8 million | -1.0% | |
| Imports of goods and services | $3,347.5 million | BDT101.6 billion | 12.2% |
| Exports of goods and services | $1,568.7 million | BDT45.0 billion | 5.4% |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows | $1.8 million | 0.0% | |
| Personal remittances, received | $763.6 million | 2.9% | |
| Total reserves (includes gold) at year end | $1,076.5 million | ||
| Total reserves in months of imports | 3.7 | ||
Note: For the year 1988 average official exchange rate for BDT was 31.73 per US$.
| Recipients | Area | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Aminul Islam | fine arts | |
| Md. Nurul Alam | social work | posthumous |
