.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important))You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Chinese. (July 2021) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Chinese article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Chinese Wikipedia article at [[:zh:中国共产党第一次全国代表大会]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template ((Translated|zh|中国共产党第一次全国代表大会)) to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.
1st National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
中国共产党第一次全国代表大会
Site of the 1st Congress in Shanghai
BeginsJuly 23, 1921 (1921-07-23)
EndsAugust 2, 1921 (1921-08-02)
Location(s)Shanghai and Jiaxing
Next event2nd National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (1922)
Participants13 representatives
ActivityFormal establishment of the Chinese Communist Party
1st National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
Traditional Chinese中國共產黨第一次全國代表大會
Simplified Chinese中国共产党第一次全国代表大会
Abbreviation
Chinese一大
Of the 13 delegates who attended the congress in 1921, Mao Zedong and Dong Biwu were the only two to also be present at the proclamation ceremony of the PRC in 1949, as pictured here.

The 1st National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held in Shanghai and Jiaxing between July 23 and August 2, 1921. The Congress established the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The congress began in a shikumen building of the French Concession area of Shanghai (near present-day Xintiandi in Huangpu District). In early June 1921, Dutch national Henk Sneevliet, also known as Ma Lin, a representative of Comintern, arrived in Shanghai, and urged various Communist cells in the country to get together for a national-level meeting. Russian Comintern representative Nikolski [ru; de] also attended the meeting. At the time, there were 57 members of the CCP.[1] Notably, the two founders of the party did not attend the congress: Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao.

The meeting was put to an end due to harassment from the French Concession police on July 30. The delegates then agreed to move the meeting to a rented tourist boat on South Lake in Jiaxing. The Congress elected Chen Duxiu as Secretary (in absentia), Zhang Guotao as Director of Organization, and Li Da as Director of Propaganda.[1]

The General Assembly adopted The First Program of the Communist Party of China, stating that "the Party is to be named the Communist Party of China" and specifying its objectives: "to overthrow the power of the capitalist class[,]" to "eradicate capitalism and private ownership of property[,]" and to "join the Comintern."[2]

Of the 13 representatives who attended the congress in 1921, only two would be present at the proclamation ceremony of the People's Republic of China 28 years later: Mao Zedong and Dong Biwu. Others either became casualties of war in the decades that followed or left the party in one way or another (e.g. by expulsion or defection).

The site of the conference in Shanghai was converted into a museum in 1961. The South Lake Revolutionary Museum in Jiaxing, located on a central island of the lake, was constructed in 1959. A complex hosting more exhibits was constructed north of South Lake in 2011, also to commemorate the 1st Congress. The Congress would be followed by the 2nd National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, held the following year.[citation needed]

Representatives

References

  1. ^ a b "中国共产党第一次全国代表大会简介". Communist Party of China.
  2. ^ Huang, Yibing (2020). An ideological history of the Communist Party of China. Vol. 1. Qian Zheng, Guoyou Wu, Xuemei Ding, Li Sun, Shelly Bryant. Montreal, Quebec. p. 20. ISBN 978-1-4878-0425-1. OCLC 1165409653.((cite book)): CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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