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((Short description|Terrorist attack in Indonesia))
((About|the 2003 bombing in Jakarta, Indonesia|the 2008 bombing in Pakistan|Islamabad Marriott Hotel bombing|the 2009 attacks|2009 Jakarta bombings))
((Use dmy dates|date=April 2020))
((Infobox terrorist attack
|title=2003 JW Marriott Hotel bombing
| partof=[[terrorism in Indonesia]]
|image=
|caption= The JW Marriott Hotel in 2007 four years after the bombing
|location=Jakarta, Indonesia
|target=((coord|6|13|37.3|S|106|49|37|E|type:landmark_region:ID|display=inline,title|name=Marriott Hotel))<br />[[JW Marriott Jakarta]]
|date=((start date and age|2003|8|5))
|time=11:58&nbsp;a.m.
|timezone=[[Time in Indonesia|UTC+7]]
|type=[[Suicide attack|Suicide bombing]], [[car bomb]], and other bombing
|fatalities=12
|injuries=150
|perps= [[Jemaah Islamiyah]], [[Al-Qaeda]]
))
((Campaignbox Terrorism in Indonesia))
((Campaignbox al-Qaeda attacks))
A [[suicide bomber]] detonated a [[car bomb]] outside the lobby of the [[JW Marriott Jakarta]] hotel, killing 12 people and injuring 150. Those killed included 11 Indonesians and one Dutch national. The hotel was viewed as a [[Western culture|Western]] symbol, and had been used by the [[Embassy of the United States, Jakarta|United States embassy]] for various events.<ref name= Taipai>[http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/world/archives/2003/08/14/2003063685 "Indonesia considers measures after attack"] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309164149/http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/world/archives/2003/08/14/2003063685 |date=9 March 2012 )) ''Taipei Times''/Reuters 14 August 2003</ref> The hotel was closed for five weeks and reopened to the public on September 8.

==Prelude==
Two weeks prior to the bombing, there was a tip call to senior Indonesian police officers from a militant captured during a raid in [[Semarang]] that two carloads of bomb-making materials were heading to the capital, [[Jakarta]]. During the raid, the police also discovered some drawings outlining specific areas in the city for possible attacks.<ref name="Time">((cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,501030818-474520,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070330143433/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,501030818-474520,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 March 2007|title=A New Wave of Terror?|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date= 10 August 2003|access-date=20 March 2007 | first=Simon | last=Elegant))</ref>

==The explosion==
A [[Toyota Kijang]], bought on July 20, 2003, from an Indonesian businessman for 25.75 million [[rupiah]]<ref name= SMH/> was loaded with explosives and driven through the taxi stand in front of the [[JW Marriott Jakarta]]. The vehicle stopped briefly in front of the lobby and CCTV cameras show a security guard approaching the vehicle, briefly speaking to the driver. The security guard then turns and a detonation can be seen. It is still not clear if the explosion was accidental, set off by remote detonation or a timer exploding prematurely. If the vehicle had kept a course heading straight for the lobby the damage would undoubtedly have been more severe. The blast radius was visible along with the shattered windows of nearby buildings. According to Indonesian police, one of the ingredients in the car bomb contained the same chemical<ref name= BBC/> used in the deadly [[2002 Bali bombings]].<ref>[http://archives.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0308/06/ltm.03.html "Fears of New Wave of Terrorism"] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004211146/http://archives.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0308/06/ltm.03.html |date=4 October 2012 )) CNN Television 6 August 2003. 05:11&nbsp; am</ref> The bombs in both cases were made of the same mixture of explosives, mobile phones were used as detonators, and the attackers had tried to scrape off the identification numbers from the vehicle bombs.<ref name= SMH/>

The severed head of [[Asmar Latin Sani]], aged 28, and from [[West Sumatra]], was later found on the fifth floor of the building,<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/08/19/indonesia.arrests.names/ Marriott blast suspects named] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311021408/http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/08/19/indonesia.arrests.names/ |date=11 March 2007 )) CNN 19 August 2003</ref> The head was identified by two jailed members of the [[Jemaah Islamiyah]] group who said they had recruited him.<ref name= BBC>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/3134179.stm "Severed head clue to Jakarta bomb"] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061016174708/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/3134179.stm |date=16 October 2006 )) BBC News 9 August 2003</ref><ref>((Cite web|url = http://www.abc.net.au/am/content/2003/s919033.htm|title = Informant threatens more JI attacks|website = ABC|access-date = 12 November 2014|archive-date = 24 September 2014|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140924112743/http://www.abc.net.au/am/content/2003/s919033.htm|url-status = live))</ref>

Investigators uncovered the charred remains of a battery used to power the bomb and said it was similar to the ones used in a series of [[Christmas Eve 2000 Indonesia bombings|bombings]] against Christian churches on Christmas Eve 2000, in which 19 people were killed.<ref name="SMH"/>

The attack came two days before a verdict in the trial of the Bali nightclub bombers. [[Al-Qaeda]] claimed responsibility for the attack and the perpetrators are known to have trained in al Qaeda training camps in [[Afghanistan]] and [[Pakistan]].<ref name="AP"/>

==Investigation==
((more citations needed|section|date=August 2017))
Six days after the bombing, on August 11 [[al-Qaeda]] claimed responsibility, via the Arab media [[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]], and singled out Australia for special attention.<ref name="SMH">((cite news | title = Al Qaeda singles out Australia | url = http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/08/12/1060588349256.html | work = The Sydney Morning Herald | date = 12 August 2003 | access-date = 5 August 2007 | archive-date = 17 August 2007 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070817102735/http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/08/12/1060588349256.html | url-status = live ))</ref> The statement said
((quote|This operation is part of a series of operations that Dr Ayman al-Zawahiri has promised to carry out. [It is] a fatal slap on the face of America and its allies in Muslim Jakarta, where faith has been denigrated by the dirty American presence and the discriminatory Australian presence".<ref name="SMH"/>))

[[Jemaah Islamiyah]] (JI), an organisation affiliated with [[al-Qaeda]], is alleged to have carried out the bombing. The al-Qaeda link has been backed by Indonesia's [[Minister of Defense]], [[Matori Abdul Djalil]] who said the JW Marriott bombers had trained with al-Qaeda in [[Afghanistan]] and [[Pakistan]]. ''"Each one of them has special abilities received from training in Afghanistan and Pakistan,"'' Matori Abdul Djalil said on August 11, 2003. He also claimed that the bombers were linked to a group of people arrested in the eastern Indonesian town of [[Semarang]] during July 2004 and are alleged to be members of Jemaah Islamiah.

<blockquote>There are many more Jemaah Islamiah members on the loose in Indonesia.... Because of this I am sure that JI is behind all of this.</blockquote>

On May 5, 2006 the [[International Crisis Group]] released its [https://web.archive.org/web/20060911122056/http://merln.ndu.edu/archive/icg/Terrorism5May06.pdf ''Asia Report'' No 114] entitled ''Terrorism in Indonesia''. It described the events leading up the attack;

The trigger for the JW Marriott bombing came in December 2002, when Indonesian police stepped up the hunt for [[Jemaah Islamiyah]] members while investigating the [[2002 Bali bombings]]. [[Toni Togar]], a JI member based in [[Medan]], [[North Sumatra]], was nervous, because his house stored all the explosives left over from JI's [[Christmas Eve 2000 Indonesia bombings|2000 Christmas Eve bombings]]. He contacted [[Noordin Mohammad Top]] to tell him he was going to throw them out. Noordin had been part of the team that carried out the Christmas Eve bombings which was led by [[Riduan Isamuddin|Hambali]] and included [[Imam Samudra]] and many of the other 2002 Bali bombers. He told Togar to hold on as he "saw good materials being wasted".

[[Abu Bakar Bashir]] approved of Hambali's activities, and Toni Togar was selected to take part in the new bombing plot. Hambali had already set a precedent for a secret team pursuing [[jihad]] on its own. This was in part because he controlled the separate funding from [[al-Qaeda]]. In January 2003, [[Muhammad Rais]], Noordin and [[Azahari Husin]] moved to [[Bengkulu]], where a group of JI members lived, including [[Asmar Latin Sani]], who became the JW Marriott suicide bomber. The next stages of the operation took place in February 2003 when the explosives were transported from [[Dumai]] to Bengkulu via [[Pekanbaru]],

Azahari secured the detonators with a new team member, [[Masrizal bin Ali Umar]]. also known as Tohir, another [[Pondok Ngruki]] graduate and a [[Luqmanul Hakiem]] teacher who was a close friend of Rais. After the explosives safely reached Bengkulu as unaccompanied baggage on an intercity bus, they were stored at the house of [[Sardona Siliwangi]], another Ngruki student and JI member. At the time, Sardona, who was working with Asmar Latin Sani, opened a bank account in March 2003 to facilitate financial transactions for Noordin.

In late April 2003, [[Mohamed Ihsan]] also known as Gembrot and [[Joni Hendrawan|Idris]], who was involved in the 2000 Christmas Eve bombings transported the explosives again. In May, he and Toni Togar, robbed a bank in [[Medan]] on May 6 to raise funds for the project. "Ismail", a Luqmanul Hakiem student who had worked with Rais and Noordin in the shock absorber repair shop in [[Bukittinggi]], then received an email from Noordin asking him to pick up some packages from a man in [[Dumai]]. Ismail obliged, and the package turned out to be cash in [[Australian dollars]], sent by Hambali via a courier.

A book that appears based in part on transcripts of Hambali's interrogation says Hambali arranged for A$25,000 to be sent: A$15,000 for operational expenses, A$10,000 for Bali bomber families. Conboy, op. cit., p.&nbsp;229. Hambali's younger brother, [[Rusman Gunawan]], who was arrested in [[Karachi]] in September 2003, testified Hambali had secured a promise of A$50,000 from an Noordin on how to bring the cash from Dumai to [[Lampung]].

On June 4, 2003, in Lampung, the final team was put together: Noordin, Azhari, Ismail, Asmar Latin Sani, and Tohir. Noordin assigned the tasks and explained that he was in charge, Azhari was field commander and Ismail his assistant. Asmar and Tohir would be in charge of renting the house, buying the vehicles and getting the explosives to Jakarta. Asmar had agreed to be the [[suicide bomber]]. When they got to Jakarta, they split into two teams to survey four possible targets. Azhari and Ismail examined the JW Marriott and a [[Citibank]] branch; Noordin and Tohir looked at the [[Jakarta International School]] and the [[Australian International School, Indonesia|Australian International School]]. Eventually they decided on the hotel because of the American brand name and the fact that it was easy to reach. The bombing took place on 5 August.

They all drove back to [[Blitar]] with 25 kilograms of [[potassium chlorate]] and ten kilos of [[sulfur]] for bomb making, as well as a pistol and ammunition. Not long afterwards, another operative delivered 30 extra kilograms of [[trinitrotoluene|TNT]].

Around this time a pamphlet was circulating in jihadist groups that was a translation from [[Arabic]] into Indonesian of an article that first appeared in the [[al-Qaeda]] on-line magazine [[Sawt al-Jihad]]. Entitled "You Don't Need to Go to Iraq for Jihad", it was written in 2003 by a [[Saudi people|Saudi]] jihadist, [[Muhammad bin Ahmad as-Salim]].<ref>[http://merln.ndu.edu/archive/icg/Terrorism5May06.pdf Terrorism in Indonesia] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060911122056/http://merln.ndu.edu/archive/icg/Terrorism5May06.pdf |date=11 September 2006 ))[[International Crisis Group]] Asia Report 114 May 5, 2006</ref>

==Suspects==

*[[Riduan Isamuddin]] alias Hambali is being held at [[Guantanamo Bay detention camp]], since his August 2003 arrest in [[Thailand]]. He is accused of masterminding the [[2002 Bali bombings]] as well as the JW Marriott blast. According to interrogation reports, Hambali was undergoing plans to develop [[biological weapons]], in particular [[anthrax]]. Hambali was al Qaeda's main connection in South East Asia, and was apparently trying to open an "Al Qaeda bio-weapons branch plant" in either [[Malaysia]] or Indonesia. He told investigators he had been "working on an Al Qaeda Anthrax program in Kandahar", [[Afghanistan]].<ref name= CBS1>[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/10/09/eveningnews/main577395.shtml "Is Al Qaeda Making Anthrax?"] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070527041320/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/10/09/eveningnews/main577395.shtml |date=27 May 2007 )) [[CBS News]] 9 October 2003</ref>
*[[Azahari Husin]], a former university lecturer, was also known as the "Demolition Man" because of his bomb-making skills, and used a mobile phone to detonate the JW Marriott bomb and included ingredients similar to other Indonesian blasts. According to Indonesian police, "If Azahari did not make the bomb, then its creator was following his manual."<ref>[http://app1.chinadaily.com.cn/star/2003/0814/cn10-1.html "Desperate terrorism"] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040330134735/http://app1.chinadaily.com.cn/star/2003/0814/cn10-1.html |date=30 March 2004 )) ''[[Shanghai Star]]''. 14 August 2003</ref>
*[[Noordin Mohammad Top]] was suspected of helping finance the Bali blast and helping build the JW Marriott bomb.<ref>[https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2005-05-25-us-indonesia_x.htm "U.S. closes embassy in Indonesia, citing threat"] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622105104/http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2005-05-25-us-indonesia_x.htm |date=22 June 2011 )) ''[[USA Today]]''/Associated Press 25 August 2005</ref> Noordin is a Malaysian citizen.<ref>[http://www.france24.com/en/20090718-malaysian-extremist-noordin-top-blamed-jakarta-attacks-indonesia-bali-hotels-bombings "Malaysian extremist Noordin Top blamed for Jakarta attacks"] 18 July 2009. Accessed 2009-07-19.  [https://web.archive.org/web/20090724091045/http://www.france24.com/en/20090718-malaysian-extremist-noordin-top-blamed-jakarta-attacks-indonesia-bali-hotels-bombings Archived] 22 July 2009.</ref>
*[[Muhammad Rais]] was convicted in May 2004 of violating anti-terrorism laws in connection with the attack. Rais transported the explosives from various towns to Jakarta, where they were used in the bomb. He was sentenced to seven years in prison for his role.<ref name=AP>[http://www.tkb.org/Incident.jsp?incID=18621 "al-Qaeda attacked Business"] ((webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070426001513/http://www.tkb.org/Incident.jsp?incID=18621 |date=26 April 2007 )) Associated Press 5 August 2003</ref> "We saw the Marriott attack as a message from Osama bin Laden," Rais said at his trail.<ref name= USA2>[https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2004-12-02-bin-laden-hotel-attack_x.htm Bin Laden inspired Bombing] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513083106/http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2004-12-02-bin-laden-hotel-attack_x.htm |date=13 May 2011 )) ''USA Today'' 12 February 2004</ref>
*[[Rusman Gunawan]] alias "Gun Gun" was sentenced in October 2004 to four years jail for "facilitating and aiding terrorism". In particular he was found to have transferred the money (in [[Australian dollars]]) that was ultimately used to finance the JW Marriott bombing. He and six other Indonesian students were arrested during raids in Pakistan. He trained at the [[Al Ghuraba training camp]] in Afghanistan.<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/security/ops/marriot.htm |title=JW Marriott Hotel Bombing |access-date=22 March 2007 |archive-date=16 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070316200553/http://www.globalsecurity.org/security/ops/marriot.htm |url-status=live ))</ref> In 2002 while he attended university in Pakistan, he took over as the "intermediary" for e-mail messages between al-Qaeda and Hambali, who at the time was hiding in [[Cambodia]].<ref>[http://www.jamestown.org/terrorism/news/article.php?articleid=2370016 "Indonesia's Jemaah Islamiya"] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070416080727/http://www.jamestown.org/terrorism/news/article.php?articleid=2370016 |date=16 April 2007 )) [[The Jamestown Foundation]] 2 June 2006</ref>
*[[Mohammed Nazir Bin Lep]] is one of Hambali's key lieutenants and like Hambali is being held at the [[Guantanamo Bay detention camp]]. He allegedly transferred the al Qaeda funds used for the bombing and knew of Jemaah Islamiah plots to launch attacks elsewhere in South East Asia. The [[CIA]] claims he was to be a [[suicide bomber]] for a "second wave" of al Qaeda attacks targeting Los Angeles.<ref>[http://www.statewatch.org/cia/documents/14-detainees.pdf CIA Report] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070712091039/http://www.statewatch.org/cia/documents/14-detainees.pdf |date=12 July 2007 )) CNN</ref>
*Gempur Angkoro alias Jabir, is [[Fathur Rahman al-Ghozi|al-Ghozi]]'s cousin and was one of Top's most trusted men; he was killed in a raid on 29 April 2006. Jabir personally assembled the JW Marriott bomb, and the bombs used in the [[2004 Jakarta embassy bombing]]. ''(Jakarta Post, 2 May)''<ref>[http://chechnya.jamestown.org/terrorism/news/uploads/TM_004_011.pdf "THE ROLE OF KINSHIP IN INDONESIA'S JEMAAH ISLAMIYA"] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061122140959/http://chechnya.jamestown.org/terrorism/news/uploads/TM_004_011.pdf |date=22 November 2006 )) [[The Jamestown Foundation]] 2 June 2006</ref>
*Sardona Siliwangi, was the first person to be sentenced for the JW Marriott attack. He had been "legally and convincingly" proven guilty of an act of terrorism, during his trial in the town of [[Bengkulu]] on the island of [[Sumatra]], and sentenced to ten years in prison. Siliwangi had stored at his Bengkulu home, six cartons of explosives left by the suicide operative [[Asmar Latin Sani]]. The explosives were later moved to the South Sumatra town of [[Lubuk Linggau]] before being taken to Jakarta.<ref>[http://www.rri-online.com/modules.php?name=SLN_English&op=news_detail&id=849 "MILITANT JAILED FOR 10 YEARS OVER MARRIOTT BOMBING."] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050406212146/http://www.rri-online.com/modules.php?name=SLN_English&op=news_detail&id=849 |date=6 April 2005 )) [[Radio Republik Indonesia]] 27 February 2004</ref>
*Air Setyawan, Luthfi Haidaroh and Urwah were all arrested in the Central Java city of [[Surakarta]] on 26 July 2004 by Indonesia's [[Detachment 88]] anti-terrorist squad, which is trained and equipped by the United States and Australia.<ref>[http://www.rri-online.com/modules.php?name=SLN_English&op=news_detail&id=1375 "POLICE QUESTION THREE MORE IN HOTEL BOMBING PROBE"] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050407004156/http://www.rri-online.com/modules.php?name=SLN_English&op=news_detail&id=1375 |date=7 April 2005 )) [[Radio Republik Indonesia]] 13 August 2004</ref>
*[[Yazid Sufaat]]
*[[Majid Khan (detainee)|Majid Khan]] pled guilty in 2012 to taking part in the bombing.

==Al-Qaeda connection==
[[Stuart A. Levey]], the former [[Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence]] in the United States, believes that the 2002 Bali bombing, and the JW Marriott Hotel bombing were financed by smuggling $30,000 in cash for each attack from al-Qaeda to allied terrorists in Asia. By contrast, the [[9/11 Commission]] estimated the [[11 September attacks]] in 2001 cost between $400,000 and $500,000 over two years—at least some of which was deposited in foreign accounts and accessed by the plotters in the USA.<ref name=USA1>[https://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-06-18-terror-cash_x.htm "Terror Funding Shifts to Cash"] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111230073733/http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-06-18-terror-cash_x.htm |date=30 December 2011 )) ''USA Today'' 18 June 2006</ref>

Then Vice President of the United States [[Dick Cheney]] said:<ref>((Cite web |url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2004/09/text/20040929-5.html |title="Vice President's Remarks" |access-date=25 August 2017 |archive-date=28 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928211101/https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2004/09/text/20040929-5.html |url-status=live ))</ref><blockquote>Hambali went to the training camps in Afghanistan that they ran back in the '90s, subsequently received funding from al Qaeda, went back then to Indonesia, and was behind some of the major attacks there. So you've got this sort of home-grown, but nonetheless affiliated, extremist operation going now in Indonesia. You'll find the same thing if you go to Morocco, where they had the attack in Casablanca; in Turkey, Istanbul, and so forth.</blockquote>
It was the simultaneous presence at al-Qaeda camps in Afghanistan by militants from across South East Asia that facilitated many of the personal relationships that exist between JI and members of other violent [[Islamist]] groups. These include the [[Moro Islamic Liberation Front]], a secessionist movement fighting for a Muslim homeland in the southern [[Philippines]], as well as several other Indonesian, [[Malaysia]]n and [[Thailand|Thai]] groups. The weight of evidence suggests that although some JI personnel might be inspired by the larger global mystique of figures such as Osama bin Laden, the South East Asian group remains operationally and organisationally distinct.<ref name= BBC1>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/2983612.stm "Jemaah Islamiah split but still deadly"] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070919172146/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/2983612.stm |date=19 September 2007 )) BBC 3 October 2005</ref>

==Effects==

The [[Jakarta Stock Exchange]] market index tumbled 3.1 percent after the attack and its currency, the [[rupiah]], lost as much as 2 percent of its value against the US dollar.<ref>[http://www.csmonitor.com/2003/0806/p01s01-woap.html "Indonesia car bomb echoes Bali"] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930023520/http://www.csmonitor.com/2003/0806/p01s01-woap.html |date=30 September 2007 )) ''CSMonitor'' 6 August 2003</ref>

Australia issued a warning for its citizens to avoid all international hotels in Jakarta after intelligence found the capital could be under the threat of further attacks.<ref name= Taipai/>

==See also==
((Portal|Indonesia))
* [[List of terrorist incidents]]
* [[2002 Bali bombings]]
* [[Australian Embassy bombing in Jakarta|2004 Jakarta embassy bombing]]
* [[2005 Bali bombings]]
* [[Islamabad Marriott Hotel bombing]] (2008)
* [[2009 Jakarta bombings]]
* [[Christmas Eve 2000 Indonesia bombings]]

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070311021408/http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/08/19/indonesia.arrests.names/ "Marriott blast suspects named"], CNN
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20031211062158/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2003-09/09/content_1070934.htm "Marriott Hotel in Jakarta reopens"], Xinhua
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060911122056/http://merln.ndu.edu/archive/icg/Terrorism5May06.pdf "Terrorism in Indonesia: Noordins Networks"], [[International Crisis Group]]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20040513043248/http://www.sais-jhu.edu/bwelsh/BYPolicyPaper.pdf "Combating JI in Indonesia"] Ng Boon Yian
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070412183948/http://www.jinsa.org/articles/articles.html/function/view/categoryid/1701/documentid/2720/history/3,2360,655,1701,2720 "Jemaah Islamiyah Shown to Have Significant Ties to al Qaeda"]
*[https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=cache:ibAPp_72jHsJ:www.currenthistory.com/org_pdf_files/103/672/103_672_171.pdf+al-qaeda+marriott+hotel+bombing+indonesia Learning by Doing:Al Qaeda's Allies in Southeast Asia]((Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes ))
*[http://www.ciaonet.org/olj/cpc/cpc_oct03/cpc_oct03f.pdf Terrorism Perpetrated and Terrorists Apprehended]
*[https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2004/09/text/20040929-5.html "US Vice President's Remarks"]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060911122056/http://merln.ndu.edu/archive/icg/Terrorism5May06.pdf Terrorism in Indonesia] [[International Crisis Group]] ''Asia Report'' 114 May 5, 2006

((War on Terrorism))
((IslamismSEA))

((DEFAULTSORT:Marriott Hotel Bombing, 2003))
[[Category:Islamic terrorist incidents in 2003]]
[[Category:Mass murder in 2003]]
[[Category:Mass murder in Jakarta]]
[[Category:Explosions in 2003]]
[[Category:Jemaah Islamiyah]]
[[Category:Terrorist incidents in Indonesia in 2003]]
[[Category:Suicide bombings in Indonesia]]
[[Category:Marriott International]]
[[Category:2003 crimes in Indonesia]]
[[Category:Car and truck bombings in Indonesia]]
[[Category:Attacks on hotels in Asia]]
[[Category:2000s in Jakarta]]
[[Category:Crime in Jakarta]]
[[Category:August 2003 events in Asia]]
[[Category:Improvised explosive device bombings in Indonesia]]
[[Category:Islamic terrorism in Indonesia]]
[[Category:Hotel bombings]]

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