The 2021 North Macedonia census, officially known as the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings, 2021, was the third census held in North Macedonia since independence, and the first since 2002. The census recorded a resident population of 1,836,713, a decrease of 9.2 percent, or 185,834, over the preceding 19 years.[1] The census was taken during the COVID-19 pandemic, which affected its administration.[2] It was also considered controversial by some Macedonian groups; the opposition party The Left openly led a boycott.[3][4][5] 132,260 individuals (7.2% of the population) did not participate in the census and are officially labelled as "persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources"; no ethnic, language, or religious information is available for these individuals. Nonetheless, the head of the State Statistical Office, Apostol Simovski, stated that the census was successful.[4] The ruling government and the European Commission also welcomed the results.[6]

Results

Main article: Demographics of North Macedonia

The census recorded 1,836,713 residents of North Macedonia. The population density of the country is 72.2 persons per km2 and the average age of the population is 40.08 years. 598,632 households were recorded with average number of household members of 3.06. The gender balance of the country is 50.4% female and 49.6% male.[7] Macedonians remained the largest ethnic group and Albanians remained the second largest ethnic group. All ethnic groups declined in population, with the exception of Bulgarians and Torbesi. Christianity remained the most practiced religion, followed by Islam, with negligible numbers from other faiths.[1]

While most of the municipalities of the country lost population, the City of Skopje and several adjacent municipalities gained population.[8] Nearly one-third of the population lives in Skopje.[6]

For the first time, members of the country's diaspora were allowed to self-register for the census.[9] This participation was optional.[4] Kosovo Prime Minister Albin Kurti encouraged ethnic Albanians in the diaspora to participate in the census.[10] Simovski stated that 300,000 Macedonian citizens living abroad did not register for the census.[11]

Simovski clarified that the residential population is the only valid category taken in the census.[12]

Controversy and boycotting

Prior to the launching of the census, the main opposition party VMRO-DPMNE stated that the results would be rigged to show previously agreed-upon numbers between the ruling party and its ethnic Albanian coalition partners. "Don't Open the Door", an informal movement, called for citizens to boycott the census.[13]

Upon release of the results, opposition leader Hristijan Mickoski called the census incomplete due to 7.2% of the population being unexplained. Both Mickoski and Democratic Union leader Pavle Trajanov claim, based on where these individual live, over 90% of that group is ethnic Macedonian. Mickoski stated that VMRO-DPMNE will conduct a new "e-census" upon regaining power. Political leaders from the ethnic Turkish and ethnic Bosniak communities have also found the results unacceptable. Politicians from Bulgaria, including Andrey Kovatchev and Slavi Trifonov, were critical of the census.[14][6]

A boycott of the census was promoted by The Left.[5] Following the results of the census, The Left declared that it does not recognize the results. The party pointed to 300,000 citizens that did not participate in the census, including the 132,000 living in the country that were counted as "persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources".[3]

Simovski stated that the Macedonian diaspora in Australia and North America boycotted the census.[15]

The Socialist Party of Macedonia[16] and the Citizen Option for Macedonia[17] have called the census invalid. The Macedonian Orthodox Church also expressed doubt in the census results.[18]

References

  1. ^ a b "Попис на населението, домаќинствата и становите во Република Северна Македонија, 2021 - прв сет на податоци". State Statistical Office. 30 March 2022. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  2. ^ "Protocol for preventive measures during the conduction of the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings, 2021" (PDF). State Statistical Office. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  3. ^ a b "Levica considers the census forged after the massive boycott of 300,000 citizens". Republika. 30 March 2022. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  4. ^ a b c Marusic, Sinisa (30 March 2022). "North Macedonia Census Reveals Big Drop in Population". BalkanInsight. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  5. ^ a b Marusic, Sinisa (20 September 2021). "North Macedonia's Sensitive Census 'On Track for Success'". BalkanInsight. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  6. ^ a b c Samardjiev, Aleksandar (12 April 2022). "North Macedonia, the census does not quell the controversy". Balcani Caucaso.
  7. ^ "Census 2021" (PDF). Republic of North Macedonia State Statistical Office. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  8. ^ Nina Nineska-Fidanoska (31 March 2022). "ГОСТИВАР, КИЧЕВО, СТРУГА И БИТОЛА ИЗГУБИЛЕ ПО ЦЕЛ ЕДЕН „МАЛ" ГРАД - скопските општини генерално пораснале - ПОПИС 2021 ГОДИНА". Fatkor. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  9. ^ "64,176 citizens abroad fill out online census survey so far". Civil Today. 15 March 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  10. ^ Bami, Xhorxhina (18 March 2021). "Kosovo's Kurti Urges Albanians Abroad to Join North Macedonia Census". BalkanInsight. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  11. ^ "Boycott: About 300,000 Macedonian emigrants refused to be counted in the census". Republika. 26 December 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  12. ^ Aleksandar Atanasov (17 August 2022). "Симовски за МИА: Единствена валидна категорија е резидентно население".
  13. ^ Sinisa Jakov Marusic (1 March 2021). "North Macedonia Launches Diaspora Headcount as Boycott Calls Grow". BalkanInsight. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  14. ^ Dimitrievska, Valentina (31 March 2022). "North Macedonia's census reveals sharp population decline and change in ethnic mix". Intellinews. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  15. ^ "Симовски: Дијаспората од Австралија и Северна Америка го бојкотира пописот, но тоа е тоа". Republika. 18 March 2021.
  16. ^ "Пописот е неуспешен, велат од Социјалистичка партија на Македонија". Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  17. ^ "ГРОМ не ги прифаќа резултатите од пописот: Податоците се нецелосни, неверодостојни и не ги сметаме за релевантни". Retrieved 17 April 2022.
  18. ^ "МПЦ се сомнева во точноста на пописот". Republika. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
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