2024 Georgian parliamentary election

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All 150 seats in Parliament 76 seats needed for a majority

Party Leader Current seats Georgian Dream Irakli Kobakhidze 75 UNM Levan Khabeishvili 20 People's Power Sozar Subari 9 For Georgia Giorgi Gakharia 5 Girchi Iago Khvichia 4 European Socialists Fridon Injia 4 State for the People Nika Machutadze 3 Progress and Freedom Kakha Okriashvili 3 Lelo Mamuka Khazaradze 2 Strategy Builder Giorgi Vashadze 2 Citizens Aleko Elisashvili 2 NDP Bachuki Kardava 1 Victorious Georgia Gubaz Sanikidze 1 Republican Khatuna Samnidze 1 Law and Justice Tako Charkviani 1 Independents – 9 Incumbent Prime Minister Irakli Kobakhidze Georgian Dream

Politics of Georgia
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Executive President Salome Zourabichvili Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili
Legislature Parliament Chairperson: Shalva Papuashvili
Judiciary Supreme Court Constitutional Court
Local government Administrative divisions Regions (mkhare) Municipalities
Election Administration Recent elections Parliamentary: 2016 2020 Presidential: 2013 2018 Local: 2017 2021 Political parties
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Related topics Rose Revolution United Nations Observer Mission Politics of Abkhazia Politics of South Ossetia
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Parliamentary elections are scheduled to be held in Georgia on 26 October 2024.^[1]

Background

Political context

By the time of elections, Georgian Dream (GD) had been the ruling party in Georgia since defeating Mikheil Saakashvili's United National Movement (UNM) in the 2012 parliamentary election. Announcing its plans to pursue a policy of joining the European Union and NATO, the Georgian Dream has also professed a more conciliatory approach towards Russia compared to its anti-Russian opponents.^[2] However, the geopolitical strains of war in Ukraine and Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict made it more difficult to maintain a "balancing act", amid the statements from Ukrainian politicians that Georgia would have "greatly aided" Ukraine by opening a "second front" against Russia^[3] and the Western efforts to isolate Russia with international sanctions. Georgian government condemned Russian actions and provided humanitarian assistance to Ukraine, but did not join sanctions against Russia, which allowed an influx of Russian capital and highly skilled Russians dodging the military mobilization. Russia, in turn, did not approve the proposal of Georgia's breakaway de facto South Ossetian republic to hold a referendum on joining the Russian Federation^[4] and, despite otherwise hostile relations, has not put Georgia on its Unfriendly Countries List.^[5] However, in June 2022, the European Union refused to approve the Georgia's application to join the union, citing an alleged media censorship and the government's refusal to join the Western sanctions on Russia.^[6] This led to a mobilization on behalf often fiery pro-Western opposition against the stability-oriented government.^[7] In turn, a sovereignist faction People’s Power broke off the Georgian Dream in August 2022, and proposed a legislation to regulate a foreign influence by creating a special registry to monitor politically active foreign-funded organizations, many of which are Western-funded in Georgia.^[8][9] While the government claimed that the bill was necessary for public disclosure and transparency, the opposition, aided by the statements of Western embassies and politicians, managed to mobilize violent protests to tackle the bill, likening it to Russian foreign agent law and saying that it would have jeopardized the Euro-Atlantic Integration, ultimately leading to the Parliament withdrawing the bill.^[10] Amid riots in Tbilisi, Russian Foreign Ministry issued a statement, cautioning against the violent change of power in Georgia^[11], with some Russian politicians suggesting Russia might use military means in case of "instability on Russian border". In September 2023, the State Security Service of Georgia claimed to have uncovered the plans of the opposition and the Western-funded groups to stage a coup in Georgia with the support of Ukraine-based Georgian oppositionist politicians.^[12][13] This in turn led to the pro-Russian Georgian opposition Conservative Movement party and the media channel Alt-Info starting to mobilize "Anti-Maidan movement" to counter the alleged coup.^[14] However, in December 2023, the European Union decided to grant Georgia a candidate status following a release from prison of the oppositionist journalist Nika Gvaramia arrested on charges of abuse of power and embezzlement, and the Parliament's decision to turn down an impeachment proceeding against the pro-oppositionist president Salome Zourabichvili.^[15][16][17] In late December 2023, Georgian Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili summerized the year by saying that the government managed to "preserve the peace" amid a threat of destabilization caused by "radical groups and hostile forces operating within the country"^[18], and also to secure a EU candidate status for Georgia.^[19]

Parties

The ruling Georgian Dream party will seek to get a fourth term in office by winning the election.^[20]

In January 2023 Levan Khabeishvili unseated Nika Melia from the position of the United National Movement chairman after winning internal party elections. Accusing Khabeishvili of being a protégé of Davit Kezerashvili, a shadowy businessman, Melia announced a break with the UNM and plans for his own party in December 2023.^[21]

On 20 July 2023 the United National Movement, the largest opposition party, announced an alliance with the Strategy Aghmashenebeli of Giorgi Vashadze.^[22] According to Khabeishvili, the coalition, named Victory Platform, will center around former president Mikheil Saakashvili. Imprisoned on charges of abuse of power and violence, Saakashvili will lead his party in the election from prison.^[23]

On 30 December 2023 Bidzina Ivanishvili, an influential businessman and a founder of the Georgian Dream party, announced his return to politics as a honorary chairman of Georgian Dream, suggesting he would take an active role in the election campaign.^[24]

On 8 February 2024 Irakli Kobakhidze was confirmed as the new Prime Minister of Georgia by Parliament.^[25]

Electoral system

The Parliament of Georgia is composed of 150 members, elected for a term of four years.

As stipulated by the constitutional amendments which were adopted on 26 September 2017, the 2024 election will mark the move to a fully proportional system with a 5% minimal threshold for parties to enter parliament.^[26][27][28]

A similar seat distribution method as used in previous elections is being applied for the proportional system.^[29] For the 2024 election with a 150-member proportional representation, a method involves multiplying the number of votes by 150 and then dividing it by the sum of votes received by all parties which passed 5% threshold (including by the votes of party for which the number of seats is determined with this calculation) to determine a number of seats the party will get in the parliament. If after these calculations for all parties the number of total seats distributed is still below 150, the remaining seats will be proportionally distributed among parties that crossed the 5% electoral threshold.^[30]

Since 2019, there is a female gender quota of 25%, meaning that parties must include women in every fourth position on their party lists.^[31]

On 6 February 2023 the Central Election Commission of Georgia adopted a decree introducing an electronic voter registration and voting system on most of the polling stations.^[32]

Opinion polls

Local regression trend line of poll results (excluding undecideds and abstentions) since the last parliamentary election to the present day, with each line corresponding to a political party.