2S31 Vena
Type	Self-propelled mortar
Place of origin	Russia
Service history
In service	2014–present
Production history
Designer	Motovilikha Plants
Designed	1980-2007
Manufacturer	Motovilikha Plants
Produced	1996
Specifications
Mass	19.1 tons
Length	7 m
Width	3 m
Height	3 m
Crew	4
Elevation	-4° to +80°
Traverse	360°
Rate of fire	8-10 rounds per minute
Maximum firing range	7.2-13 km
Main armament	2A80 120 mm mortar
Secondary armament	7.62 mm PKTM machine gun
Engine	Diesel UTD-29 450 hp
Power/weight	26 hp per ton
Suspension	Individual torsion bar
Operational range	600 km
Maximum speed	70 km/h

The 2S31 Vena (Russian: "2С31 Вена") is a Russian amphibious self-propelled 120 mm mortar system. "2S31" is its GRAU designation.

Description

The 2S31 consists of a 120mm 2A80 rifled gun-mortar mounted on the chassis of the BMP-3 infantry combat vehicle.^[1] It was developed by Joint Stock Venture "Plants of Motovilikha" (Russian: ОАО "Мотовилихинские заводы"). The 2S31's turret is equipped with digital automated fire control system, navigation system, and optical/electronic reconnaissance and target acquisition system. Its 2A80 gun-mortar is capable of launching a high-explosive mortar projectile with a maximum range of 18,000 metres.^[1] The vehicle is protected by a welded aluminium hull to protect against small arms fire and shrapnel.^[2] It can also fire armour-piercing projectiles that can penetrate up to 650mm of steel plate at ranges of up to a kilometre. A separate sighting system is used when engaging in direct fire mode.^[3]

Service history

Reportedly first combat use of Vena was during Second Nagorno-Karabakh War.^[4]

In September 2023 Vena appeared in Vesti program during the report about Russian troops fighting near Bakhmut, confirming its use during Russian invasion of Ukraine.^[5]

Current operators

•  Azerbaijan^[1]
•  Venezuela^{[1][unreliable source?]}
•  Russia^[6]