Millennium:	1st millennium BC
Centuries:	5th century BC 4th century BC 3rd century BC
Decades:	380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC
Years:	367 BC 366 BC 365 BC 364 BC 363 BC 362 BC 361 BC

Politics
364 BC by topic
State leaders Political entities
Categories
Deaths
v t e

364 BC in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	364 BC CCCLXIV BC
Ab urbe condita	390
Ancient Egypt era	XXX dynasty, 17
- Pharaoh	Nectanebo I, 17
Ancient Greek era	104th Olympiad (victor )¹
Assyrian calendar	4387
Balinese saka calendar	N/A
Bengali calendar	−956
Berber calendar	587
Buddhist calendar	181
Burmese calendar	−1001
Byzantine calendar	5145–5146
Chinese calendar	丙辰年 (Fire Dragon) 2334 or 2127 — to — 丁巳年 (Fire Snake) 2335 or 2128
Coptic calendar	−647 – −646
Discordian calendar	803
Ethiopian calendar	−371 – −370
Hebrew calendar	3397–3398
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	−307 – −306
- Shaka Samvat	N/A
- Kali Yuga	2737–2738
Holocene calendar	9637
Iranian calendar	985 BP – 984 BP
Islamic calendar	1015 BH – 1014 BH
Javanese calendar	N/A
Julian calendar	N/A
Korean calendar	1970
Minguo calendar	2275 before ROC 民前2275年
Nanakshahi calendar	−1831
Thai solar calendar	179–180
Tibetan calendar	阳火龙年 (male Fire-Dragon) −237 or −618 or −1390 — to — 阴火蛇年 (female Fire-Snake) −236 or −617 or −1389

Year 364 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Peticus and Calvus (or, less frequently, year 390 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 364 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

By place

Greece

On the advice of the city's military leader, Epaminondas, Thebes builds a fleet of 100 triremes to help combat Athens. Thebes destroys its Boeotian rival Orchomenus.^[1]
Philip II of Macedon, brother of the reigning king of Macedonia, returns to his native land after having been held as a hostage in Thebes since 369 BC.^[2]
The army of Thebes under their statesman and general, Pelopidas, defeats Alexander of Pherae in the Battle of Cynoscephalae in Thessaly, but Pelopidas is killed during the battle.^[3] As a result of his loss of this battle, Alexander is compelled by Thebes to acknowledge the freedom of the Thessalian cities, to limit his rule to Pherae, and to join the Boeotian League.
The Spartans under Archidamus III are defeated by the Arcadians at Cromnus.^[4]
The Athenian general, Iphicrates, fails in attempts to recover Amphipolis. Retiring to Thrace, Iphicrates fights for his father-in-law, the Thracian king Cotys I, against Athens for the possession of the Thracian Chersonese. Cotys I is victorious and controls the whole Chersonese peninsula by 359 BC.^[5]
Timophanes, along with a number of colleagues, including his brother Timoleon, takes possession of the acropolis of Corinth and Timophanes makes himself master of the city. Later, Timoleon, after ineffectual protests, tacitly acquiesces to his colleagues putting Timophanes to death for his actions.

China

The Chinese astronomer Gan De from the State of Qi reportedly discovers the moon Ganymede, belonging to Jupiter, and makes the earliest known sunspot observations.

Births

Deaths

Pelopidas, Theban statesman (killed in the Battle of Cynoscephalae in Thessaly)^[6]