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((Short description|Airborne infantry regiment of the United States Army))
((more citations needed|date=December 2012))
((Use American English|date=July 2015))
((Use dmy dates|date=July 2020))
((Infobox military unit
 | unit_name                    = 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment<br>503rd Airborne Infantry Regiment<br>503rd Infantry Regiment
 | image                        = 503dPIRCOA.png
 | image_size                   = 125px
 | caption                      = Coat of arms
 | dates                        = 1941–1945<br>1951–1984<br>1986–present
 | country                      = ((flag|United States|23px))
 | allegiance                   = 
 | branch                       = ((army|United States|23px))
 | type                         = [[Airborne forces]]
 | role                         = [[Paratrooper|Parachute infantry]]
 | size                         = [[Regiment]]
 | command_structure            = 
 | garrison                     = 
 | garrison_label               = 
 | nickname                     = The Rock
 | patron                       = 
 | motto                        = 
 | colors                       = 
 | colors_label                 = 
 | march                        = 
 | mascot                       = 
 | equipment                    = 
 | equipment_label              = 
 | battles                      = [[World War II]]<br>[[Vietnam War]]<br>[[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghanistan]]<br>[[Iraq War|Operation Iraqi Freedom]]
 | anniversaries                = 
 | decorations                  = [[Presidential Unit Citation (United States)|Presidential Unit Citation]]
 | battle_honours               = 
 | battle_honours_label         = 
 | disbanded                    = 
 | flying_hours                 = 
 | website                      = 
<!-- Commanders -->
 | commander1                   = 
 | commander1_label             = 
 | commander2                   = 
 | commander2_label             = 
 | commander3                   = 
 | commander3_label             = 
 | commander4                   = 
 | commander4_label             = 
 | notable_commanders           = [[George M. Jones]]
<!-- Insignia -->
 | identification_symbol        = [[File:503 Inf Rgt DUI.gif|100px|center]]
 | identification_symbol_label  = [[Distinctive unit insignia]]
 | identification_symbol_2      = [[File:US Army 1st BN-503rd Inf Reg Flash.svg|150px|center]]
 | identification_symbol_2_label= [[United States military beret flash|Unit flash]] of 1st Battalion
 | identification_symbol_3      = [[File:US Army 2nd BN-503rd Inf Reg Flash.svg|150px|center]]
 | identification_symbol_3_label= Unit flash of 2nd Battalion
 | identification_symbol_4      = 
 | identification_symbol_4_label= 
))
((Military unit sidebar
 | title = U.S. Infantry Regiments
 | previous = [[502nd Infantry Regiment (United States)|502nd Infantry Regiment]]
 | next =[[504th Infantry Regiment (United States)|504th Infantry Regiment]]
))
The '''503rd Infantry Regiment''', formerly the '''503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment''' (503rd PIR) and the '''503rd Airborne Infantry Regiment''' (503rd AIR), is an [[airborne forces|airborne]] [[infantry]] [[regiment]] of the [[United States Army]]. The regiment served as an independent regiment in the [[Pacific War]] during [[United States Army in World War II|World War II]]; at [[Fort Campbell]], Kentucky; in Okinawa, Japan; and in Germany. Regimental elements have been assigned to the [[2nd Infantry Division (United States)|2nd Infantry Division]], the [[11th Airborne Division (United States)|11th Airborne Division]], the [[24th Infantry Division (United States)|24th Infantry Division]], 25th Infantry Division, the [[82nd Airborne Division]], 101st Airborne Division, and the [[173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team]]. Regimental elements have participated in campaigns in the [[Vietnam War]], [[Operation Enduring Freedom]]&ndash;[[Afghanistan War|Afghanistan]], and [[Operation Iraqi Freedom]]. The regiment claims 15 [[Medal of Honor]] recipients: two from World War II, ten from Vietnam, and three from Afghanistan. A parent regiment under the [[U.S. Army Regimental System]]. The regiment's [[1st Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment|1st]] and [[2nd Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment|2nd Battalion]]s are active, assigned to the 173rd Airborne Brigade, based at [[Caserma Ederle]], Vicenza, Italy. The 3rd and 4th Battalions as well as Companies E, F, G, H, and I have been inactived.

==Current status of regimental elements==
*[[1st Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment]] (1-503rd IR): Active, assigned to the [[173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team (United States)|173rd Airborne Brigade]], based in Vicenza, Italy
*[[2nd Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment]] (2-503rd IR): Active, assigned to the [[173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team (United States)|173rd Airborne Brigade]], based in Vicenza, Italy
*3rd Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment (3-503rd IR): Inactive since 1973
*4th Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment (4-503rd IR): Inactive since 1973
*Company E, 503rd Infantry Regiment (E-503rd IR): Inactive since 1957
*Company F, 503rd Infantry Regiment (F-503rd IR): Inactive since 1957
*Company G, 503rd Infantry Regiment (G-503rd IR): Inactive since 1957
*Company H, 503rd Infantry Regiment (H-503rd IR): Inactive since 1957
*Company I, 503rd Infantry Regiment (I-503rd IR): Inactive since 1957

==History==
===World War II===
On 14 February 1942, just two months after the American entry into [[World War II]], the 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment was formed, under the command of [[Lieutenant colonel (United States)|Lieutenant Colonel]] [[William M. Miley|William M. "Bud" Miley]]. The regiment's 1st and 2nd Battalions were formed at [[Fort Benning]], Georgia, from the 503rd and 504th Parachute Battalions, respectively. En route to [[Australia]], the 503rd picked up a third battalion in Panama, where they had been undergoing jungle training.<ref>((cite web | url=http://corregidor.org/503_abbott/503%20Chronology.htm | title=Chronology of the 503rd Parachute Infantry | publisher=corregidor.org | access-date=10 October 2019 ))</ref> Unlike many other airborne units, which were deployed in the [[European Theater of Operations, United States Army|European Theater of Operations]] (ETO), the 503rd was the first airborne regiment to [[Pacific War|fight in the Pacific]], and as an independent unit.

The unit's first operation was an [[Landing at Nadzab|unopposed landing at Nadzab]], in the [[Markham Valley]], [[New Guinea]], on 5 September 1943. Although the landings were unopposed, the troops were later attacked by enemy bombers from the air. The 503rd's deployment helped force the Japanese evacuation of a major military outpost at [[Lae]]. During their overland withdrawal, the third battalion of the 503rd had a major skirmish with the [[Imperial Japanese Army|Japanese]] rear guard.

On 3–4 July 1944, 1st and 3rd Battalions of the 503rd were delivered by parachute to [[Kamiri Airfield]] on the island of [[Noemfoor]] off the coast of [[Dutch New Guinea]], sustaining significant casualties from the jump. To reduce further casualties, the 2nd Battalion was delivered [[Amphibious warfare|amphibiously]]. At the [[Battle of Noemfoor]], the 503rd played a major role in the elimination of the Japanese garrison on that island.<ref name="Morison2002">((cite book|last=Morison|first=Samuel Eliot|title=History of United States Naval Operations in World War II: New Guinea and the Marianas, March 1944-August 1944|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R-KfgdHvv88C&pg=PA139|year=1953|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=978-0-252-07038-9|page=139))</ref> As a result of his heroic actions during the battle, paratrooper [[Sergeant]] [[Ray E. Eubanks]] was posthumously awarded the [[Medal of Honor]]. Airfields constructed on Noemfoor after its capture enabled the advance of Allied troops from [[New Guinea]] to the [[Philippines]].

[[File:Awm 128387 nadzab.jpg|thumb|left|300px|Dwarfed by and silhouetted against clouds of smoke (created to provide concealment), [[C-47 Skytrain|C-47]]s from the [[United States Army Air Forces|USAAF]] drop a battalion of the 503rd at Nadzab, New Guinea. A battalion dropped moments earlier is landing in the foreground.]]
[[File:503rd paratroopers land on Corregidor, 1945.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Paratroopers of the 503rd PRCT descend on Corregidor, 16 February 1945.]]

Following a non-combat landing on the island of [[Leyte]] in the Philippines, the 503rd Regimental Combat Team (RCT) made a major amphibious landing on [[Mindoro]] Island in the central Philippines on 15 December 1944. Originally, it was intended for the 503rd to jump on Mindoro, but due to inadequate airstrip facilities on Leyte, an airborne landing was not possible. During the [[Battle of Mindoro]], the 503rd was subjected to intense air and naval actions, at one point being shelled for 25 minutes by a Japanese naval task force. One company of the 503rd RCT engaged in a fierce battle against a company-size Japanese force defending an enemy air raid warning station on the north end of the island. The success of the Mindoro operation enabled the [[United States Army Air Forces]] to construct and operate air strips and forward air bases to support later landings in the Philippines at [[Lingayen Gulf]], [[Luzon]]. During combat in the Philippines, Lieutenant Colonel [[Joe S. Lawrie]], former regimental S-3 and executive officer, and former 1st Battalion commander, succeeded to regimental command.<ref>((cite news |date=March 10, 1961 |title=Old Friends Meet Again |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-leaf-chronicle-friends/126172020/ |work=[[The Leaf-Chronicle]] |location=Clarksville, TN |page=7 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]))</ref><ref name="WarCollege">((cite news |date=June 28, 1952 |title=Lawrie Ordered To War College |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-columbus-ledger-ordered/125967150/ |work=[[Ledger-Enquirer|Columbus Ledger]] |location=Columbus, GA |page=5 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]))</ref>

On 16 February 1945, the 503rd RCT [[Battle of Corregidor (1945)|jumped on Fortress Corregidor]] ("the Rock") to liberate that island from occupying Japanese forces. Braving intense fire, the paratroopers rushed forward and overcame the heavy blockhouse defenses, dropping explosives into embrasures to kill hidden Japanese gunners. For its successful capture of Corregidor, the unit was awarded a [[Presidential Unit Citation (United States)|Presidential Unit Citation]] and received its nickname, "the Rock Regiment" from it. The regimental insignia was designed by [[Private first class|Private First Class]] [[Thomas M. McNeill]] while recuperating from his injuries and dengue fever, hepatitis, and malaria on Mindoro Island, following the battle of Corregidor.

After returning to Mindoro, the 503rd was alerted for another combat jump, this time in the central Philippines to reinforce the [[40th Infantry Division (United States)|40th Infantry Division]] in its fight on [[Negros (Philippines)|Negros]] island. However, the jump was canceled and the combat team landed amphibiously on 7 April 1945.<ref>((cite web|url=http://corregidor.org/503_abbott/503%20Chronology.htm |title=Chronology of the 503rd Parachute Infantry |publisher=503d PRCT Heritage Battalion Online |access-date=15 February 2017))</ref> It would spend the remainder of the war conducting mopping up operations on the island, often against fanatical enemy resistance; notably, one of the Japanese units the 503rd fought was the remnants of the battered [[2nd Raiding Brigade]] of Japanese paratroopers.<ref>((Cite book|last1=Rottman|first1=Gordon L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=grTvCwAAQBAJ&q=Takachiho+Paratroopers&pg=PT102|title=Japanese Paratroop Forces of World War II|last2=Takizawa|first2=Akira|date=2012-09-20|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-78200-457-8|language=en))</ref> After Japan's surrender in August 1945, over 6,150 Japanese soldiers surrendered to the 503rd, although some continued to hold out until October.<ref>((cite book |last= O'Donnell |first=Patrick K. |title=Into the Rising Sun: World War II's Pacific Veterans Reveal the Heart of Combat |publisher=Free Press |date=23 February 2010 |page=197 |isbn=978-1439192580))</ref>

===Post-WWII history===
Inactivated at [[Camp Anza]], California, in December 1945, it was reactivated and redesignated as the 503rd Airborne Infantry Regiment in February 1951 and assigned to the [[11th Airborne Division (United States)|11th Airborne Division]] at [[Fort Campbell, Kentucky]], following the departure of the [[187th Infantry Regiment (United States)|187th Airborne Infantry Regiment]] to [[Korean War|Korea]] as a separate airborne [[regimental combat team]]. In 1956 the 503rd went with the rest of the 11th Airborne Division to posts in southeastern Germany.

The 503rd was relieved on 1 March 1957 from assignment to the 11th Airborne Division and was concurrently reorganized and redesignated as the 503rd Infantry, a parent regiment under the [[Combat Arms Regimental System]]. This year marked the point during which infantry regimental numbers ceased indicating actual tactical units but instead were used in designating battle groups of [[Pentomic]] divisions, which did not have regiments and battalions.

On 1 July 1958 the 11th Airborne Division was inactivated and its personnel and equipment reflagged as the 24th Infantry Division; however, two of the division's five battle groups remained on jump status with Airborne designations: the 1st Airborne Battle Group, 187th Infantry, and the 1st Airborne Battle Group, 503d Infantry. This was a short-term assignment, however, and on 7 January 1959 1-503d was relieved from assignment to the 24th Infantry Division and assigned to the 82d Airborne Division at Fort Bragg.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/inf/0503in001bn.htm|title=Lineage and Honors Information - U.S. Army Center of Military History))</ref>

[[File:中美聯合「天兵演習」在台灣南部舉行.jpg|thumb|left|Tien Bing No. 1 exercise in [[Pingtung County|Pingtung]], [[Taiwan]], 1960]]
[[File:中美聯合「天兵演習」在台灣南部舉行（2）.jpg|thumb|left|Tien Bing No. 1 exercise in Pingtung, Taiwan, 1960]]

The move was accompanied by the rotation of the only other airborne battle group, 1-187th, from the [[24th Infantry Division (United States)|24th]] to the [[82nd Airborne Division|82nd]]. Concurrently 1-[[504th Infantry Regiment (United States)|504th]] and 1-[[505th Infantry Regiment (United States)|505th]] were relieved from the 82nd and assigned to the [[8th Infantry Division (United States)|8th Infantry Division]] in central Germany. At Fort Bragg, 1-503rd joined 2-503rd, already assigned to the 82nd, as one of the division's five battle groups.

On 24 June 1960 the 1st ABG, 503d Infantry was relieved from assignment to the 82d Airborne Division and assigned to the 25th Infantry Division in Hawaii, remaining there until 1 July 1961 when it was relieved from the division as it traveled to Okinawa. The ABG was accompanied by Battery C (Abn), 319th Artillery, later reorganized and redesignated as HHB, 3d Battalion (Abn), 319th Field Artillery.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/fa/0319fa03bn.htm|title = 3d Battalion, 319th Field Artillery Regiment &#124; Lineage and Honors &#124; U.S. Army Center of Military History))</ref> On 26 March 1963 it was assigned to the newly activated 173d Airborne Brigade, and shortly thereafter it was reorganized and redesignated as the 2d Battalion, 503d Infantry on 25 June 1963. Additionally, on 26 March 1963 the 1st ABG, 503d Infantry was relieved from assignment to the 82d Airborne Division, assigned to the 173d Airborne Brigade and subsequently reorganized and redesignated as a battalion as well.

==Further service by regimental elements==

=== Vietnam War ===
In May 1965, two battalions of the 503rd Infantry deployed as part of the 173rd Airborne Brigade to [[Vietnam War|Vietnam]] as the first major U.S. Army ground combat unit to be deployed, joined later by 4-503rd Inf and 3-503rd Inf (bearing the lineages of the former Company D and Company C, 503rd PIR, respectively). During its six years in Vietnam, the four battalions of the 503rd participated in fourteen campaigns, earning two more Presidential Unit Citations and a [[Meritorious Unit Commendation]]. The 2nd Bn (Abn), 503rd Inf participated in the only combat jump of the war during "[[Operation Junction City]]" in 1967. It redeployed to the U.S. in July 1971, having the distinction of being one of the last units to leave Vietnam.((citation needed|date=May 2013))

Following the return of the 173rd Brigade (Separate) to the U.S. was its inactivation when its assets were used to form the 3rd Brigade (Airborne), [[101st Airborne Division]] (Airmobile). The 1-503rd was relieved from the 173rd effective in August 1971. The 1-503rd was deactivated and 4-503rd was reassigned as 1-503rd 173rd Brigade Separate and on 14 January 1972 reassigned to 3rd Brigade, 101st Airborne Division (Airmobile). The 2-503rd continued as 2-503rd, 173rd Airborne Brigade (Separate)and on 14 January 1972 relieved and reassigned as 2-503rd 3rd Brigade, 101st Airborne Division (Airmobile). The 3-503rd was relieved and reactivated as 3rd-187th 173rd Airborne Brigade (Separate) and on 14 January 1972 reassigned to 3rd Brigade, 101st Airborne Division (Airmobile). The 3rd Brigade, along with other supporting division units, saw its jump status terminated on 1 April 1974 when the 101st became a completely airmobile division (renamed Air Assault on 4 October 1974).

The lineage of 2-503rd was inactivated on 1 October 1983 and relieved from assignment to the 101st, followed by 1-503rd on 16 November 1984. The existing battalions were reflagged as units of the [[187th Infantry Regiment]] during the implementation of the [[U.S. Army Regimental System]] (ARS).

=== Reactivation in Korea, assignment to Italy ===
On 16 December 1986 both 1-503d and 2-503d were reactivated and assigned to the 2d Brigade, [[2nd Infantry Division (United States)|2d Infantry Division]] in Korea when two existing infantry battalions were reflagged. Stationed together at [[Camp Hovey]], they formed the division's 2d Brigade, which also included the 1st Battalion, 506th Infantry. Both battalions of the 503d performed annual rotations to Warrior Base, just south of the [[Korean Demilitarized Zone]] (DMZ), from where they patrolled the DMZ; manned guard posts Collier, Oullette, and 128; and served as a quick-reaction force for the DMZ.

The 2nd Bn, 503rd Inf was inactivated on 29 September 1990 in Korea and relieved from assignment to the 2nd Infantry Division, but 1-503rd and 1-506th remained and became air assault battalions within the division. (Although locally referred to as air assault battalions, they were never recognized as such by DA and were employed as regular infantry battalions.) The 2nd Bn, 503d returned to active status as an airborne battalion on 16 December 2001 when it was assigned to the [[173rd Airborne Brigade]] and activated in Italy. The company names were kept from its lineage in Korea: A Company (Able), B Company (Battle), C Company (Chosen), D Company (Destined), H Company (Hound), HHC (Blacksheep).

=== Global war on terror ===
In March 2003, the Turkish government refused to allow American ground forces, which were positioned at their ports, to move through Turkey in order to establish a northern front in support of "[[Iraqi Freedom|Operation Iraqi Freedom]]". America needed another option and the [[paratroopers]] of the 173rd Airborne Brigade provided that option. On 26 March at 2000 hours, fifteen C-17 aircraft delivered 20 heavy platforms and 959 paratroopers of the 173rd Airborne Brigade onto Bashur Drop Zone in the vicinity of [[Bashur, Iraq]]. This combat parachute assault was the beginning of ''[[Operation Northern Delay]]'' and established the [[Coalition of the Willing|coalition]]'s northern front.

The parachute assault force consisted of HHC, 173rd Airborne Brigade; 1st Battalion (Airborne), [[508th Infantry Regiment]] commanded by LTC Harry Tunnell; 2nd Battalion (Airborne), [[503rd Infantry Regiment]] commanded by LTC Dominic J. Caraccilo; 74th Infantry Detachment (Long Range Surveillance); D Battery (Airborne), [[319th Field Artillery Regiment]]; 173rd Support Company (Combat); 501st Support Company (Forward), 250th Forward Surgical Team; ODA (-), 2nd Battalion, [[10th Special Forces Group]] (Airborne); 4th Air Support Operations Group (USAFE); and the 86th Contingency Response Group (assigned to the [[86th Airlift Wing]] (USAFE). The paratroopers were under the command of Colonel [[William C. Mayville Jr.]], commander of the 173rd Airborne Brigade. The aircraft from which the units were delivered into battle were the C-17s of the [[62d Airlift Wing|62d]] and [[446th Airlift Wing]]s from McChord AFB, Washington and the [[437th Airlift Wing]] and [[315th Airlift Wing]] (AFRES) from Charleston AFB, South Carolina. The C-17s were under the command of Colonel [[Robert “Dice” R. Allardice]], commander of the 62nd Airlift Wing. This airborne operation was not only the largest since the 1989 invasion of Panama, but was the first airborne personnel insertion ever conducted with the C-17.((citation needed|date=May 2013))

The successful establishment of a northern front was essential to the coalition's battle plan. Without a northern front, six Iraqi divisions arrayed in northern Iraq remained free to move south to reinforce [[Baghdad]]. Fast-moving Coalition forces were closing on Baghdad with the expectation of having to capture the Iraqi capital from three defensively arrayed divisions. Six additional Iraqi divisions streaming from the north could dramatically affect the balance of power around Baghdad.((citation needed|date=March 2014))

Another factor was the oil-rich area of [[Kirkuk Governorate]]. The oil wealth of the Kirkuk area would be crucial to rebuilding Iraq((citation needed|date=March 2014)) but the Iraqi army had shown a willingness to destroy their country's own future simply to spite the Coalition. Securing the oil fields and airbases of Kirkuk was assigned to the 173rd Airborne Brigade.

The success of the 173rd Airborne Brigade in its securing of Bashur and Kirkuk and its subsequent control and rebuilding of Kirkuk and later the [[As Sulaymaniyah Governorate]] was unmatched in-theater.((citation needed|date=May 2013)) The troopers integrated forces from fifteen other units, to include five Army divisions, to accomplish every mission.

[[File:Therock503rd.jpg|thumb|right|Desert-colored unofficial regimental patch, utilizing "The Rock" nickname]]

In the summer of 2004, the 1-503rd deployed with the 2nd Brigade, 2nd Infantry Division from Korea to violent Ramadi, Iraq, where its soldiers took part in the battle of [[Fallujah]] and conducted combat operations in the violent [[Al-Anbar]] province. At that point in the war, [[Ramadi]] was considered by some to be the most dangerous city in Iraq((citation needed|date=March 2014)), and the battalion suffered high losses during the deployment. 1-503rd was targeted by daily small arms, RPG, and mortar attacks and experienced a significant number of [[Improvised explosive device#Background|vehicle-borne improvised explosive devices]], also known as VBIEDS or [[car bombs]]. Despite this, 1-503rd was very successful in their mission to curb [[Iraqi insurgency (Iraq War)|insurgent]] activity. According to an interview with Lieutenant Colonel James Raymer,<ref>[http://www.google.com/search?q=cache:HFaxq8cJ8dAJ:cgsc.cdmhost.com/cgi-bin/showfile.exe%3FCISOROOT%3D/p4013coll13%26CISOPTR%3D117+ltc+gubler+503+iraq&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=9 Interview with LTC James Raymer] Combat Studies Institute 24 February 2006</ref> by 2006, insurgent activity was markedly lowered from the year that 1-503rd conducted operations in Ramadi. Additionally, 1-503rd played a critical role in the 2005 elections in Iraq in Ramadi.<ref>[http://www.stripes.com/article.asp?section=104&article=25890&archive=true "U.S. Troops Fortify Iraqi Polling Stations"], ''[[Stars and Stripes (newspaper)|Stars and Stripes]]'', 28 January 2005</ref> In the spring of 2005, the 173rd began its second deployment in three years to Afghanistan in support of Operation Enduring Freedom VI. 2d BN (ABN) 503d IN deployed to Regional Command South demonstrating unparalleled bravery fighting anti-coalition forces in the bloodiest spring since the original invasion in 2001. The ROCK fought the Taliban and Al Qaeda in the Provinces of Helmand, Zabul and Kandahar and excelled in all aspects of the deployment to include facilitating a peaceful parliamentary election process in the fall of 2005.

Upon completion of its year-long deployment to Iraq, 1-503rd did not return to Korea, but instead relocated to [[Fort Carson]], Colorado, with the rest of the brigade. It was redesignated on 1 October 2005 as the 1st Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment, inactivated on 15 November 2005, relieved from assignment to the 2nd Infantry Division, and assigned on 15 June 2006 to the 173rd Airborne Brigade, where the battalion was activated with the assets of the existing 1-508th.

In May 2007, the 173rd ABCT (including both 1-503rd and 2-503rd) deployed to Afghanistan. Both units fell under the NATO [[International Security Assistance Force|ISAF]] mission. The 2-503rd remained as part of [[173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team|TF Bayonet]] and the unit was the subject of several articles detailing<ref>[http://www.vanityfair.com/politics/features/2008/01/afghanistan200801 "Into the Valley of Death"]. [[Sebastian Junger|Junger, Sebastian]]; ''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]''; January 2008</ref><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/24/magazine/24afghanistan-t.html "Battle Company Is Out There"]; Rubin, Elizabeth; ''The New York Times Sunday Magazine''; February, 2008</ref> their operations during OEF VIII. The 1-503rd was attached to the 4th BCT, 82nd Airborne and then 4th BCT, 101st Airborne as part of [[4th Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division|TF Fury]] and [[101st Airborne Division#Return to Afghanistan|TF Currahee]], respectively.

On 7 February 2011, 2-503rd was awarded the Valorous Unit Award for their actions during OEF VIII from 25 January to 30 July 2008. The official citation reads: "For extraordinary heroism in action against an armed enemy. During the period 25 January 2008 to 30 July 2008, the Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 2d Battalion, 503d Infantry Regiment and its subordinate units displayed exceptionally meritorious service assigned as Task Force Rock in support of Operation Enduring Freedom in Kunar Province. Task Force Rock's professionalism and dedication to the mission under fire went beyond the call of duty and contributed greatly to the success of Task Force Bayonet. The actions of Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 2d Battalion, 503d Infantry Regiment and its subordinate units are in keeping with the finest traditions of military service and reflect great credit upon the unit, the 173d Airborne Brigade Combat Team and the United States Army". The subordinate units of HHC, 2d Battalion, 503d Infantry Regiment included: Companies A, B, C, D, F; Battery B (4th Battalion, 319th Field Artillery Regiment); Battery C, (3d Battalion, 321st Field Artillery Regiment); and Headquarters Company (Special Troops Battalion, 173d Abn Bde).

On 26 October 2011, 2-503rd was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation for the soldiers' "extraordinary heroism in action against an armed enemy" from 5 June to 10 November 2007.<ref>Headquarters, Department of the Army. "General Orders 2013-07." 10 June 2013. Web. Accessed 23 November 2015. <http://www.apd.army.mil/pdffiles/go1307.pdf>.</ref><ref>U.S. Army Human Resources Command. "Permanent Order 299-18." 26 October 2011. Web. Accessed 23 November 2015. <http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/HRC/2011/299-18_20111026_HRCMD.pdf>.</ref>

Staff Sergeant [[Salvatore Giunta]] received the nation's highest award for valor after running through heavy enemy fire to rescue a badly wounded comrade during a deadly ambush on 25 October 2007, in the Korengal Valley. Soldiers from the battalion also earned two Distinguished Service Crosses, the second-highest valor award, and 27 Silver Stars, the third-highest award for valor.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.armytimes.com/article/20120116/NEWS/201160308/Vicenza-unit-earns-2-awards-for-Afghan-missions |title=Vicenza unit earns 2 awards for Afghan missions |first=Michelle |last=Tan |work=[[Army Times]] |date=16 January 2012 |access-date=13 June 2014))</ref>

== Medal of Honor recipients ==
[[Medal of Honor]] recipients:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC"
! Name !! Rank!! Unit !!Place !!Date of action !!Ref.
|-
|[[File:Ray_Eubanks.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Ray E. Eubanks]]((KIA))||[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]]||Company D, 503d Parachute Infantry Regiment||[[Noemfoor]], [[Dutch New Guinea]]||23 July 1944||
|-
|[[File:Lloyd G. McCarter.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Lloyd G. McCarter]]||[[Private (rank)#United States Army|Private]]||503d Parachute Infantry Regiment||[[Corregidor Island]], [[Philippines]]||16–19 February 1945||
|-
|[[File:Larry_Pierce.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Larry S. Pierce]]((KIA))||[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]]||Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion (Airborne), 503d Infantry, 173d Airborne Brigade||near [[Ben Cat]], [[Republic of Vietnam]]||20 September 1965||
|-
|[[File:Milton_Lee_Olive.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Milton L. Olive, III]]((KIA))||[[Private First Class#United States Army|Private First Class]]||Company B, 2d Battalion (Airborne), 503d Infantry, 173d Airborne Brigade||Phu Cuong, [[South Vietnam]]||22 October 1965||
|-
|[[File:Lawrence_Joel_3.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Lawrence Joel]]||[[Sergeant First Class#United States Army|Sergeant First Class]]||1st Battalion (Airborne), 503d Infantry, 173d Airborne Brigade||near [[Bien Hoa]], [[Vietnam]] || 8 November 1965||
|-
|[[File:Alfred_V._Rascon.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Alfred V. Rascon]]||[[Specialist (rank)|Specialist Four]]||Medical Platoon, Headquarters Company, 1st Battalion (Airborne), 503d Infantry, 173d Airborne Brigade||near [[Long Khánh Province]], [[Vietnam]] || 16 March 1966||
|-
|[[File:Charles_Morris.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Charles B. Morris]]||[[Sergeant#United States|Sergeant]]||Company A, 2d Battalion (Airborne), 503d Infantry, 173d Airborne Brigade (Separate)|| [[Republic of Vietnam]] ||29 June 1966||
|-
|[[File:Don_Michael.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Don L. Michael]]((KIA))||[[Specialist (rank)|Specialist Four]]||Company C, 4th Battalion (Airborne), 503d Infantry, 173d Airborne Brigade||[[Republic of Vietnam]] ||8 April 1967||
|-
|[[File:John Andrew Barnes III.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[John Andrew Barnes, III]]((KIA))||[[Private First Class#United States Army|Private First Class]]||Company C, 1st Battalion (Airborne), 503d Infantry, 173d Airborne Brigade||[[Kontum]], [[Vietnam]] ||12 November 1967||<ref name="corregidor.org">((Cite web|url=http://corregidor.org/heritage_battalion/moh/barnes.html|title = Medal of Honor - PFC John Andrew Barnes III))</ref>
|-
|[[File:Charles_J_Watters.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Charles J. Watters]]((KIA))||Chaplain ([[Major (United States)|Major]])||Army Chaplain Corps, 173d Support Battalion (Airborne), 503d Infantry, 173d Airborne Brigade||near Dak To Province, [[Republic of Vietnam]]||19 November 1967||
|-
|[[File:Carlos_Lozada.JPG|90px]]<br/>[[Carlos J. Lozada]]((KIA))||[[Private First Class#United States Army|Private First Class]]||Company A, 2d Battalion (Airborne), 503d Infantry, 173d Airborne Brigade||[[Dak To]], [[Republic of Vietnam]]||20 November 1967||
|-
|[[File:Michael_Blanchfield.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Michael R. Blanchfield]]((KIA))||[[Specialist (rank)|Specialist Four]]||Company A, 4th Battalion (Airborne), 503d Infantry, 173d Airborne Brigade||[[Binh Dinh Province]], [[Republic of Vietnam]] ||3 July 1969||
|-
|[[File:Glenn_English_2.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Glenn H. English Jr.]]((KIA))||[[Staff Sergeant#U.S. Army|Staff Sergeant]]|| Company E, 3d Battalion (Airborne), 503d Infantry, 173d Airborne Brigade||Phu My District, Republic of Vietnam||7 September 1970||
|-
|[[File:Salvatore_Giunta_portrait.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Salvatore Giunta]]||[[Staff Sergeant#U.S. Army|Staff Sergeant]]||2d Battalion, 503d Infantry Regiment, 173d Airborne Brigade|| Korengal Valley, Kunar Province, Afghanistan||25 October 2007||
|-
|[[File:Kyle_White.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Kyle J. White]]||[[Specialist (rank)|Specialist]]||2nd Battalion, 503d Infantry Regiment, 173d Airborne Brigade||Aranas, Nuristan Province, Afghanistan||9 November 2007||<ref name="corregidor.org"/>
|-
|[[File:SSGT_Pitts_half_body_shot.jpg|90px]]<br/>[[Ryan M. Pitts]]||[[Staff Sergeant#U.S. Army|Staff Sergeant]]||2d Battalion, 503d Infantry Regiment, 173d Airborne Brigade||Wanat, Kunar Province, Afghanistan||13 July 2008||
|}

== Silver Star recipients ==
[[Silver Star]] recipients:

*Erick, Gallardo SSG, B CO 2/503, Kunar Province, 2007
* Vincent J. Stislow, PFC, I Co 3/503, New Guinea, 1943 (later DOW, 18 Feb 1945, Corregidor).
* Paul A. NARROW, PFC, Corregidor 1945
* Ross H. Redding, PFC, Company B, 1st Battalion, 503rd Infantry, 173rd Airborne Brigade (Sep), Republic of Vietnam, 8 November 1965.<ref>General Orders No. 802, dated 5 February 1966, Headquarters U.S. Army Vietnam, APO San Francisco 96307.</ref>
* PFC Kenneth Brinkley March 1968
* Pvt Lester Grant Viekko December 1968
* Harrison J. Meyer, PFC, D Co 1/503, Ramadi, Iraq, 2004.<ref name=homeofheroes>((cite web |url=http://www.homeofheroes.com/valor/08_WOT/ss_GWOT/citations_USA-M.html |title=U.S. Army Citations for awards of the Silver Star in the Global War on Terrorism |publisher=Home of Heroes |access-date=13 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140522162043/http://www.homeofheroes.com/valor/08_WOT/ss_GWOT/citations_USA-M.html |archive-date=22 May 2014 |url-status=dead ))</ref>
* Thomas E. Vitagliano, SSG, C Co 1/503rd, Ramadi, Iraq.<ref name=homeofheroes/>
* Christopher Choay, SSG, C Co 2/503, Afghanistan, 2005.
* Daniel T. Metcalfe, SFC, D Co 2/503, Sayyid Abad, Afghanistan, 2012.<ref>((cite web |url=https://valor.militarytimes.com/hero/97365 |title=Valor awards for Daniel T. Metcalfe |work=Military Times Hall of Valor |access-date=13 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140522161951/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=97365 |archive-date=22 May 2014 |url-status=live))</ref>
* Stephen E. Simmons, SSG, Company C, 2d Battalion (Airborne), 503d Parachute Infantry Regiment, 173d Airborne Brigade Combat Team.<ref>((cite web |url=https://valor.militarytimes.com/hero/3860 |title=Valor awards for Stephen E. Simmons |work=Military Times Hall of Valor |access-date=13 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140414235249/http://projects.militarytimes.com/citations-medals-awards/recipient.php?recipientid=3860 |archive-date=14 April 2014 |url-status=live))</ref>
* Matthew Matlock, SSG, C Company 1/503 (ABN) OEF VII.
* Christopher T. Upp, SSG, Company HHC, 2d Battalion (Airborne), Chowkay Valley, Afghanistan, 2007 503d Parachute Infantry Regiment, 173d Airborne Brigade Combat Team.
* Captain (Infantry) Alan Burgess Phillips, A Co., 4/503rd, 173rd Airborne Brigade (Sep), 10 July 1967, Republic of Viet Nam

== In popular culture ==
* [[Restrepo (film)|''Restrepo'']] (2010) is a documentary film about the Second Platoon, Battle Company, 2nd Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment (airborne) of the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team in the [[Korangal Valley]] in Afghanistan.
* ''[[84C MoPic]]'' : 1989 mock-up documentary of a Long Range Reconnaissance Patrol (LRRP) mission during the Vietnam War. C Co., 2/503, 173rd (ABN) BDE, Bon Song, Vietnam

==Lineage and honors==

===Lineage===
*Constituted 24 February 1942 in the Army of the United States as the 503d Parachute Infantry (1st Battalion concurrently consolidated with the 503d Parachute Battalion [constituted 14 March 1941 in the Army of the United States and activated 22 August 1941 at Fort Benning, Georgia] and 2d Battalion consolidated with the 504th Parachute Battalion [constituted 14 March 1941 in the Army of the United States and activated 5 October at Fort Benning, Georgia] and consolidated units designated as the 1st and 2d Battalion, 503d Parachute Infantry)
*Regiment (less 1st, 2d and 3d Battalions) activated 2 March 1942 at Fort Benning, Georgia
:(3d Battalion activated 8 June 1942 at Fort Bragg, North Carolina)
:(2d Battalion reorganized and redesignated 2 November 1942 as the 2d Battalion, 509th Parachute Infantry- hereafter separate lineage; new 2d Battalion, 503d Infantry concurrently activated in Australia)
*Regiment inactivated 24 December 1945 at Camp Anza, California
*Redesignated 1 February 1951 as the 503d Airborne Infantry, allotted to the Regular Army, and assigned to the 11th Airborne Division
*Activated 2 March 1951 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky
*Relieved 1 March 1957 from assignment to the 11th Airborne Division' concurrently reorganized and redesignated as the 503d Infantry, a parent regiment under the Combat Arms Regimental System
*Withdrawn 16 December 1986 from the Combat Arms Regimental System and reorganized under the United States Army Regimental System<ref name = "cmh">"Lineage and Honors Information: 503d Infantry (The Rock Regiment)." U.S. Army Center for Military History. 7 March 2001. Web. Accessed 23 November 2015. <http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/inf/0503in.htm>.((PD-notice))</ref>
*Redesignated 1 October 2005 as the 503d Infantry Regiment<ref>"Lineage and Honors Information: 1st Battalion, 503d Infantry Regiment (The Rock Regiment)." U.S. Army Center for Military History. 31 January 2012. Web. Accessed 23 November 2015. <http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/inf/0503in001bn.htm ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612094502/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/inf/0503in001bn.htm |date=12 June 2010 ))>.</ref><ref>"Lineage and Honors Information: 2d Battalion, 503d Infantry Regiment (The Rock Regiment)." U.S. Army Center for Military History. 2 June 2010. Web. Accessed 23 November 2015. <http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/inf/0503in002bn.htm>.</ref>

===Campaign participation credit===
*World War II: New Guinea; Leyte; Luzon (with arrowhead); Southern Philippines
*Vietnam: Defense; Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase II (with arrowhead); Counteroffensive, Phase III; Counteroffensive, Phase IV; Counteroffensive, Phase V; Counteroffensive, Phase VI; Tet 69/Counteroffensive; Summer-Fall 1969; Winter-Spring 1970; Sanctuary Counteroffensive; Counteroffensive, Phase VII; Consolidation I<ref name = "cmh" />
**Afghanistan: Consolidation I, Consolidation II, Consolidation III, Transition I
**Iraq: Liberation of Iraq (with arrowhead);<ref>Headquarters, Department of the Army. "General Orders 2006-10." 25 September 2006. Web. Accessed 24 November 2015. <https://www.hrc.army.mil/site/ASSETS/Awards/2014/New2014Awards/2006-10.pdf>.</ref> Transition of Iraq; Iraqi Governance<ref>"Afghanistan Campaign Medal or Iraq Campaign Medal." The Adjutant General Directorate (TAGD). United States Army Human Resources Command. 6 August 2015. Web, accessed 12 October 2015. <https://www.hrc.army.mil/TAGD/Afghanistan%20Campaign%20Medal%20or%20Iraq%20Campaign%20Medal> ((webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150911070806/https://www.hrc.army.mil/TAGD/Afghanistan%20Campaign%20Medal%20or%20Iraq%20Campaign%20Medal |date=11 September 2015 )).</ref>

Note: The published Army lineage predates the War on Terrorism. Comparison of the deployment dates of regimental elements with the War on Terrorism campaigns estimates that the battalion will be credited with participation in the six campaigns listed.

===Decorations===
*Presidential Unit Citation (Army) for CORREGIDOR
*Presidential Unit Citation (Army) for BIEN HOA
*Presidential Unit Citation (Army) for PHUOC VINH
*Presidential Unit Citation (Army) for DAK TO
*Presidential Unit Citation (Navy) for VIETNAM 1966
*Valorous Unit Award for TUY HOA
*Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army) for VIETNAM 1965-1967
*Philippine Presidential Unit Citation for 17 OCTOBER 1944 TO 4 JULY 1945
*Navy Unit Commendation (Navy) for AR RAMADI 2005<ref name = "cmh" />

==Heraldry==

===Distinctive unit insignia===
[[File:503 Inf Rgt DUI.gif|75px]]
*Description/Blazon: A silver color metal and enamel device ((convert|1+1/8|in|cm)) in height overall consisting of the shield and motto of the coat of arms.
*Symbolism: The colors, blue and white, are those of Infantry. The inverted triangle terminating in the broken fort symbolizes the drop on Corregidor, whereas the three parachutes represent the three other battle honors awarded the organization.
*Background: The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 503d Airborne Infantry Regiment on 28 Apr 1952. It was amended to change the motto on 28 May 1952. On 29 Jun 1958 the insignia was redesignated to the 503d Infantry.<ref name="tioh">((Cite web |title=503d Infantry Regiment Heraldry |url=https://tioh.army.mil/Catalog/HeraldryMulti.aspx?CategoryId=3733 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230916181916/https://tioh.army.mil/Catalog/HeraldryMulti.aspx?CategoryId=3733 |archive-date=2023-09-16 |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=[[United States Army Institute of Heraldry]]))</ref>

===Coat of arms===
[[File:503dPIRCOA.png|75px]]
*Description/Blazon
**Shield: Argent, a fort voided Azure, pierced to the center by a pile of the second counterchanged with the fort and bearing three parachutes of the first, two and one.
**Crest: On a wreath of the colors Argent and Azure a dragon passant Gules in front of three swords, points conjoined in base Proper, with hand grips of the second nailed and edged Or, in center overall a carved arrowhead point down of the last.
**Motto: THE ROCK.
*Symbolism
**Shield: The colors, blue and white, are those of Infantry. The inverted triangle terminating in the broken fort symbolizes the drop on Corregidor, whereas the three parachutes represent the three other battle honors awarded the organization.
**Crest: The dragon and the colors scarlet and yellow refer to the Republic of Vietnam where the Regiment participated in thirteen campaigns; scarlet also alludes to the award of the Meritorious Unit Commendation. The unit's participation in an assault landing during the Counteroffensive, Phase II, is indicated by the arrowhead and the swords with blue grips represent the Presidential Unit Citation awarded three times for service in the Republic of Vietnam.
*Background: The Coat of Arms was originally approved for the 503d Airborne Infantry Regiment on 28 Apr 1952. It was amended to change the motto on 28 May 1952. The coat of arms was redesignated for the 503d Infantry on 29 Jan 1958.<ref name = "tioh" />

== References ==
((reflist))

== External links ==
((Commons category))
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20131007004324/http://www.eur.army.mil/173abct/1-503/index.html The 1st Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment home page]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130714215705/http://www.eur.army.mil/173abct/2-503/index.html The 2nd Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment home page]
* [http://www.stripes.com/article.asp?section=104&article=23651&archive=true "'The Rock' is Ready"], ''[[Stars and Stripes (newspaper)|Stars and Stripes]]'', 21 September 2004

[[Category:Infantry regiments of the United States Army|503]]
[[Category:Airborne infantry regiments|503]]
[[Category:Airborne units and formations of the United States Army|503]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1941]]
[[Category:1941 establishments in the United States]]

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