In 1947, the squadron was reactivated in the reserves, but does not appear to have been fully manned or equipped before inactivating in June 1949. The squadron was redesignated the 758th Troop Carrier Squadron and again activated at Pittsburgh Airport in the reserve in 1957. It has served as an airlift unit there ever since.
To organize, recruit, and train Air Force reserve personnel to provide airlift of airborne forces, their equipment and supplies, and delivery of these forces and materials by airdrop, landing, or cargo extraction systems.
History
World War II
459th Bombardment Group B-24 Liberator attacking a target[c]
The squadron deployed to Southern Italy in January 1944 and entered combat in March as part of Fifteenth Air Force's strategic bombing campaign. The squadron attacked enemy military, industrial and transportation targets in Italy, France, Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece and Yugoslavia, bombing railroad marshalling yards, oil refineries, airfields, concentration centers and other strategic objectives. The squadron earned a Distinguished Unit Citation when the 459th Group led the 304th Bombardment Wing on a raid against an aircraft plant at Bad Vöslau. The group pressed its attack despite opposition by enemy interceptors and intense flak.[4]
The squadron was occasionally diverted from the strategic bombing campaign to carry out support and interdiction operations. It struck railroads during March 1944 to support Operation Shingle, the landings at Anzio. It struck bridges, harbors, and troop concentrations in August 1944 in the preinvasion phase of Operation Dragoon, th invasion of southern France. It also hit communications lines and other targets during March and April 1945 to support the advance of British Eighth Army and American Fifth Army in northern Italy.[4]
Following VE Day, the squadron returned to the United States in August 1945.[1] The squadron was programmed for deployment to the Pacific Theater of Operations as a Boeing B-29 Superfortress very heavy bombardment squadron[citation needed] and reassembled at Sioux Falls Army Air Field, South Dakota at the end of August. However, Japan surrendered shortly after the squadron's arrival and it was inactivated on 28 August 1945.[1]
Reserve training
The squadron was reactivated as a reserve unit at Long Beach Army Air Field, California in July 1947. Although nominally a very heavy bomber squadron, it operated a variety of trainer aircraft to maintain proficiency under Air Defense Command's 416th AAF Base Unit (later the 2347th Air Force Reserve Training Center).[5][6] President Truman's reduced 1949 defense budget required reductions in the number of units in the Air Force,[7] In addition, Continental Air Command, which had assumed responsibility for reserve training in 1948, reorganized its reserve units under the wing base organization system in 1949. This resulted in the squadron's parent 459th Group being reduced to a single operational squadron, and the 758th was inactivated on 27 June 1949.[1][4]
Reactivation as a reserve airlift unit
Fairchild C-119G Flying Boxcar
During the first half of 1955, the Air Force began detaching Air Force reserve squadrons from their parent wing locations to separate sites. Communities were more likely to accept the smaller squadrons than the large wings and the location of separate squadrons in smaller population centers would facilitate recruiting and manning.s[8] The 459th Wing, located at Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland activated the 758th, now the 758th Troop Carrier Squadron, in 1957 as its third flying squadron at Greater Pittsburgh Airport, Pennsylvania. In April 1959, the wing reorganized under the Dual Deputy system. Its 459th Troop Carrier Group was inactivated[9] and the 756th, 757th and 758th Troop Carrier Squadrons were assigned directly to the wing.[1][10]
Activation of groups under the wing
Although the dispersal of flying units was not a problem when the entire wing was called to active service, mobilizing a single flying squadron and elements to support it proved difficult. This weakness was demonstrated in the partial mobilization of reserve units during the Berlin Crisis of 1961 To resolve this, at the start of 1962, Continental Air Command determined to reorganize its reserve wings by establishing groups with support elements for each of its troop carrier squadrons. This reorganization would facilitate mobilization of elements of wings in various combinations when needed. However, as this plan was entering its implementation phase, another partial mobilization occurred for the Cuban Missile Crisis. The formation of troop carrier groups was delayed until January for wings that had not been mobilized.[11] The squadron was assigned to the new 911th Troop Carrier Group on 17 January.[1][10]
Lineage
Constituted as the 758th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 19 May 1943
Activated on 1 July 1943
Redesignated 758th Bombardment Squadron, Heavy c. Sep 1944
Inactivated on 28 August 1945
Redesignated 758th Bombardment Squadron, Very Heavy on 13 May 1947
Activated in the reserve on 12 July 1947
Inactivated on 27 June 1949
Redesignated 758th Troop Carrier Squadron, Medium on 24 October 1957
Activated in the reserve on 16 November 1957
Redesignated 758th Military Airlift Squadron on 1 January 1967
Redesignated 758th Tactical Airlift Squadron on 1 March 1972
Redesignated 758th Airlift Squadron on 1 February 1992[1]
^Approved 20 August 1960. Description: On a sky blue disc bordered Air Force golden yellow, two white lightning flashes saltirewise throughout issuing from sinisterchief above an Air Force blue parachute highlighted sky blue; surmounting the flashes a red flying carpet bendwise, fringed Air Force golden yellow leaving speed lines Air Force golden yellow to sinister; over all an Air Force golden yellow spear bendwise its head extending beyond the border in dexter its shaft surmounted by a white helmet shaded sky blue, plumed Air Force blue; outlines and details Air Force blue throughout.
^Aircraft is Ford Motors built Consolidated B-24L-10-FO Liberator, serial 44-49750. This plane returned to the United States after the war and was scrapped at Kingman Army Air Field on 16 November 1945. Baugher, Joe (10 June 2023). "1944 USAF Serial Numbers". Joe Baugher. Retrieved 21 June 2023. Photo taken while bombing near Padua, Italy on 4 May 1945.
Watkins, Robert A. (2009). Insignia and Aircraft Markings of the U.S. Army Air Force in World War II. Vol. IV, European-African-Middle Eastern Theater of Operations. Atglen,PA: Shiffer Publishing, Ltd. ISBN978-0-7643-3401-6.
United States
United States Air Force
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