A-232
Names
IUPAC name
methoxy-(1-(diethylamino)ethylidene)phosphoramidofluoridate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
  • InChI=1/C7H16FN2O2P/c1-5-10(6-2)7(3)9-13(8,11)12-4/h5-6H2,1-4H3/b9-7+
    Key: BBTXAVJVSQSXHZ-VQHVLOKHNA-N
  • CCN(CC)C(\C)=N\P(F)(=O)OC
Properties
C7H16FN2O2P
Molar mass 210.189 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

A-232 is an organophosphate nerve agent.[1] It was developed in the Soviet Union under the FOLIANT program and is one of the group of compounds referred to as Novichok agents that were revealed by Vil Mirzayanov. A-232 is reportedly slightly less potent as a nerve agent compared to some of the other compounds in the series such as A-230 and A-234, having similar potency to the older nerve agent VR. However it proved to be the most versatile agent as it was chemically stable and remained a volatile liquid over a wide temperature range, making it able to be used in standard chemical munitions without requiring special delivery mechanisms to be developed.[2][3][4]

Legal status

A-232 has been added to Schedule 1 of the Annex on Chemicals of the Chemical Weapons Convention as of June 2020, and it has been explicitly named as an example compound for schedule 1.A.14.[5][6] For chemicals listed in Schedule 1, the most stringent declaration and verification measures are in place combined with far-reaching limits and bans on production and use. It is notable to say that Annex 1 does not explicitly relate this structure to the name A-232, just add this particular structure to the prohibited compounds section.

See also

References

  1. ^ Stone, R. (19 March 2018). "U.K. attack shines spotlight on deadly nerve agent developed by Soviet scientists". Science. doi:10.1126/science.aat6324.
  2. ^ Mirzayanov VS (2008). State Secrets: An Insider's Chronicle of the Russian Chemical Weapons Program. Outskirts Press. ISBN 978-1-4327-2566-2.
  3. ^ Vásárhelyi G, Földi L (2007). "History of Russia's chemical weapons" (PDF). AARMS. 6 (1): 135–146. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-03-14.
  4. ^ Franca TC, Kitagawa DA, Cavalcante SF, da Silva JA, Nepovimova E, Kuca K (March 2019). "Novichoks: The Dangerous Fourth Generation of Chemical Weapons". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 20 (5): 1222. doi:10.3390/ijms20051222. PMC 6429166. PMID 30862059.
  5. ^ "S/1821/2019/Rev.1 Note by the Technical Secretariat Guidance for States Parties on Article VI Declaration Obligations and Inspections Following Entry Into Force of Changes to Schedule 1 of the Annex on Chemicals to the Chemical Weapons Convention" (PDF). 14 January 2020.
  6. ^ "Schedule 1". Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW). Retrieved 2020-07-26.
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